1、BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIESBS EN 2002-2:2005Metallic materials Test methods Part 2: Tensile testing at elevated temperatureICS 49.025.05; 49.025.15g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g
2、40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58IncorporatingcorrigendumNovember 2010 National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 2002-2:2005. It supersedes BS 4A4-1.2:1967 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee
3、ACE/61, Metallic materials for aerospace purposes, to Subcommittee ACE/61/-/6, Mechanical testing of metallic materials.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
4、contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS EN 2002-2:2005This British Standard waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Policy andStrategy Committeeon 3 January 2006 BSI 2010Amendments/corrig
5、enda issued since publicationDate Comments 30 November 2010 Addition of supersession details to national foreword.ISBN 978 0 580 72937 9EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 2002-002November 2005ICS 49.025.05; 49.025.15English VersionAerospace series - Metallic materials - Test methods -
6、 Part 2:Tensile testing at elevated temperatureSrie arospatiale - Matriaux mtalliques - Mthodesdessais applicables - Partie 2 : Essais de traction temperature leveLuft- und Raumfahrt - Metallische Werkstoffe -Prfverfahren - Teil 2: Zugversuch bei HochtemperaturThis European Standard was approved by
7、CEN on 19 September 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandar
8、ds may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
9、Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, P
10、oland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means
11、reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 2002-002:2005: E2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction4 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 4 4 Health and safety 7 5 Principle.7 6 Testing requirements7 7 Test report .14 Annex A (normative) Types of test piec
12、e to be used for sheet and strip with thickness less than or equal to 8 mm .16 Annex B (normative) Types of non-machined test piece to be used in the case of bar, section and wire with a diameter or thickness less than or equal to 8 mm.18 Annex C (normative) Types of machined test piece to be used i
13、n the case of bar, section, plate and wire with diameter or thickness greater than 8 mm and for forgings and castings.19 Annex D (normative) Types of test piece to be used in the case of tubes .22 BS EN 2002-2:2005EN 2002-2:2005 (E)3 Foreword This European Standard (EN 2002-002:2005) has been prepar
14、ed by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers - Standardization (AECMA-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of
15、AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2006. Attention is dra
16、wn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followi
17、ng countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
18、Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 2002-2:2005EN 2002-2:2005 (E)4 Introduction This standard is part of the series of EN metallic material standards for aerospace applications. The general organization of this series is described in EN 4258. 1 Scope This standard specifies the requirements fo
19、r the tensile testing of metallic materials at elevated temperature for aerospace applications. It shall be applied when referred to in the EN technical specification or material standard unless otherwise specified on the drawing, order or inspection schedule. 2 Normative references The following re
20、ferenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial
21、 testing machines Part 1: Tension/ compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system. EN ISO 9513, Metallic materials Calibration of extensometers used in uniaxial testing. EN 4258, Aerospace series Metallic materials General organization of standardization Link
22、s between types of EN standards and their use. EN 4259, Aerospace series Metallic materials Definition of general terms. 1)EN 60584-2, Thermocouples Part 2: Tolerances. ASTM E-1012, Standard practice for verification of specimen alignment under tensile loading. 2) 3 Terms, definitions and symbols Fo
23、r the purposes of this standard, the terms, definitions and symbols given in EN 4259 and the following given in Table 1 apply. 1) Published as AECMA Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard. 2) This standard is published by: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr
24、Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA. BS EN 2002-2:2005EN 2002-2:2005 (E)5 Table 1 Terms, definitions and symbols Symbol Unit Term Definition Test piece The portion of the test sample on which the tensile test is carried out Proportional test pieces A test piece with an original gauge
25、 length (L0) having a specified relationship to the square root of the cross-sectional area (S0). The proportionality coefficient, K, has the internationally recognized value of 5,65 for test pieces of circular cross-section. The gauge length of a proportional test piece is therefore equal to 5,650S
26、 . Certain material standards use proportional test pieces with other than the 5,65 proportionality coefficient. In this case, see Axfor the percentage elongation symbol used. Non-proportional test piece A test piece where the original gauge length is independent of the cross-sectional area mm Exten
27、sion The increase of the extensometer gauge length (Le) at any moment during the test MPa Limit of proportionality The stress at which the stress-strain (or force-extension) relationship deviates from a straight line A % Percentage elongation (proportional test piece) NOTE For non-standard proportio
28、nal test piece, see Ax.Elongation after fracture expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (L0) for a proportional test piece with an original gauge length of L0 = 5,650S . A = 00uLLL 100 AL0% Percentage elongation (non-proportional test piece) Elongation after fracture expressed as a p
29、ercentage of the original gauge length (L0) for a non-proportional test piece with an original gauge length of L0. For a non-proportional test piece, the original gauge length is given in millimetres, e.g. A50mm. AL0= 00uLLL 100Ax% Percentage elongation (non standard proportional test piece) Elongat
30、ion after fracture expressed as a percentage of original gauge length (L0) for a non-standard proportional test piece with an original gauge length of L0= x (e.g.: A4D) A non-standard proportional test piece is one in which the proportionality coefficient has a value other than 5,65. In the example
31、above the gauge length is four times the diameter, equivalent to a proportionality coefficient of 4,51. a mm Test piece thickness Thickness of a test piece of rectangular cross-section or wall thickness of a tube b mm Test piece width Width of test pieces of rectangular cross-section, average width
32、of the longitudinal strip taken from a tube or width of a flat wire D mm Tube external diameter External diameter of a tube D mm Test piece diameter Diameter of the parallel length of a circular test piece or diameter of round wire or internal diameter of a tube continued BS EN 2002-2:2005EN 2002-2:
33、2005 (E)6 Table 1 Terms, definitions and symbols (concluded) Symbol Unit Term Definition E GPa Youngs modulus of elasticity The value of the increment in stress divided by the corresponding increment in strain for the straight portion of the stress-strain (or force-extension) diagram FmN Maximum for
34、ce The greatest force which the test piece withstands during the test L mm Gauge length The length of the cylindrical or prismatic portion of the test piece on which elongation is measured Lcmm Parallel length The length of the reduced section of the parallel portion of the test piece. The concept o
35、f parallel length is replaced by the concept of distance between grips for non-machined test pieces. Lemm Extensometer gauge length The length of the parallel portion of the test piece used for the measurement of extension by means of an extensometer at any moment during the test. This length may di
36、ffer from L0but can be of any value greater than b, d or D (see above) but shall be less than the parallel length (Lc). It is recommended that the extensometer gauge length is as large as possible. L0mm Original gauge length The gauge length before the application of force Ltmm Test piece length Tot
37、al length of test piece Lumm Final gauge length The gauge length after fracture of the test piece Lu-L0mm Extension Extension after fracture. The permanent increase in the original gauge length (L0) after fracture. RmMPa Tensile strength The maximum force (Fm) divided by the original cross-sectional
38、 area (S0) of the test piece RpMPa Proof stress The stress at which a non-proportional extension is equal to a specified percentage of the extensometer gauge length (Le) (see Figure 1). The symbol used is followed by a suffix giving the prescribed percentage of the original gauge length for example:
39、 Rp0,2r mm Test piece transition radius Radius at ends of parallel length R1mm Ridge transition radius Radius at ridge S0mm2Original cross-sectional area Original cross-sectional area of the parallel length Summ2Minimum cross-sectional area Minimum cross-sectional area of test piece after fracture Z
40、 % Percentage reduction of area after fracture The maximum decrease of the cross-sectional area (S0 Su) expressed as a percentage of the original cross-sectional area (S0) i.e Z = 00 uSSS 100 Strain The extension of any moment during the test divided by the original gauge length (L0) of the test pie
41、ce MPa Stress The force at any moment during the test divided by the original cross-section area (S0) of the test piece C Specified temperature The temperature at which the test is to be carried out iC Indicated temperature The temperature which is measured at the surface of the parallel length of t
42、he test piece BS EN 2002-2:2005EN 2002-2:2005 (E)7 4 Health and safety Resources, test pieces, test samples, test materials, test equipment and test procedures shall comply with the current health and safety regulations/laws of the countries where the test is to be carried out. Where materials and/o
43、r reagents that may be hazardous to health are specified, appropriate precautions in conformity with local regulations and/or laws shall be taken. 5 Principle The test involves straining a test piece by a tensile force at elevated temperature to fracture for the purpose of determining one or more of
44、 the following properties: Youngs modulus of elasticity, proof stress, tensile strength, elongation and reduction of area. 6 Testing requirements 6.1 Resources 6.1.1 Equipment/plant 6.1.1.1 Testing machine Testing machine accuracy shall be verified at intervals not exceeding 12 months in accordance
45、with EN ISO 7500-1 and shall be certified to class 1 or better. Its design shall permit automatic loading alignment. Otherwise the loading system alignment shall be checked at least annually with a strain-gauged test piece. The difference between the recorded maximum and minimum strains shall not ex
46、ceed 10 % of the mean strain at an appropriate verification force relative to the forces expected during a subsequent series of tests. Reference may be made to ASTM E-1012 for a verification method. It may be computer controlled and capable of automatic calculation and recording of Youngs modulus of
47、 elasticity, proof stress, tensile strength and elongation. 6.1.1.2 Extensometer The extensometer shall be of a type suitable for use at elevated temperatures. Its accuracy shall be verified at intervals not exceeding 12 months in accordance with EN ISO 9513 and shall be certified for determination
48、of: Youngs modulus of elasticity to class 0,5 or better and a type that is capable of measuring extension on both sides of a test piece and allows readings to be averaged is preferred. Proof stress to class 1 or better. 6.1.1.3 Grips Grips shall consist of screwed holders, shouldered holders, wedge
49、pieces, pin grips or other means such that the tensile test force is applied axially. The use of screwed holders is recommended and shall be mandatory in case of dispute. BS EN 2002-2:2005EN 2002-2:2005 (E)8 Grips for tubes may, in addition, use plugs that shall be of: An appropriate diameter in order to be gripped at both ends; Lengths at least equal to that of the grips and may project beyond the grips for a maximum length equal to the external diameter of the tube; A shape that shall have no e
