1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 936:2013Chemicals used for treatmentof water intended for humanconsumption Carbon dioxideBS EN 936:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 936:2013. Itsupersedes BS EN 936:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation i
2、n its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are resp
3、onsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 82144 8ICS 71.100.80Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards
4、 Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 936:2013EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 936 December 2013 ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 936:2006English Version Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human co
5、nsumption - Carbon dioxide Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau destine la consommation humaine - Dioxyde de carboneProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr den menschlichen Gebrauch - Kohlenstoffdioxid This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 October 2013. CEN members are bo
6、und to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the
7、CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre
8、 has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
9、 Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000
10、Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 936:2013: EBS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Description . 6 2.1 Identification . 6 2.1.1 Chemical name . 6 2.1.2 Syn
11、onym or common name 6 2.1.3 Relative molecular mass . 6 2.1.4 Empirical formula. 6 2.1.5 Chemical formula . 6 2.1.6 CAS Registry Number 6 2.1.7 EINECS reference 6 2.2 Commercial form . 6 2.3 Physical properties 7 2.3.1 Appearance 7 2.3.2 Density 7 2.3.3 Solubility in water 7 2.3.4 Vapour pressure 7
12、2.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 7 2.3.6 Melting point . 7 2.3.7 Specific heat . 7 2.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) . 7 2.3.9 Critical temperature . 7 2.3.10 Critical pressure. 7 2.3.11 Physical hardness . 7 2.4 Chemical properties 8 3 Purity criteria 8 3.1 General 8 3.2 Composition of commercial product . 8
13、 3.3 By-products 8 3.4 Chemicals parameters 9 4 Test methods 9 4.1 Sampling . 9 4.2 Analysis 10 4.2.1 Carbon dioxide . 10 4.2.2 Impurities 10 5 Labelling - Transportation - Storage 10 5.1 Means of delivery . 10 5.2 Labelling according to the EU legislation)11 5.3 Transportation regulations and label
14、ling 12 5.4 Marking . 12 5.5 Storage 12 BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 3 Annex A (informative) General information on carbon dioxide . 13 A.1 Origin 13 A.2 Use 13 A.3 General rules relating to safety 14 Bibliography 15 BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 936:2013) has been prep
15、ared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2014, and conflicting national standards shal
16、l be withdrawn at the latest by June 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 936:2006. Signi
17、ficant technical differences between this edition and EN 936:2006 are as follows: a) the transportation regulations and labelling have been updated; b) the requirement for carbon dioxide content is now 99,9 % instead of 99,0 % in the latest edition; c) possible impurities are taken into account; d)
18、reference to sampling is changed; e) revision of clause for raw materials; f) revision of rules for safe handling and use of the product. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard:
19、Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, S
20、weden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 5 Introduction In respect to the potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no informatio
21、n as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in fo
22、rce. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. BS EN 936:2013EN 936:20
23、13 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to carbon dioxide used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of carbon dioxide and specifies the requirements and corresponding analytical methods for carbon dioxide. It also gives information on
24、its use in water treatment. 2 Description 2.1 Identification 2.1.1 Chemical name Carbon dioxide. 2.1.2 Synonym or common name Carbonic acid gas (carbonic anhydride). 2.1.3 Relative molecular mass 44,011. 2.1.4 Empirical formula CO2. 2.1.5 Chemical formula CO2. 2.1.6 CAS Registry Number1)124-38-9. 2.
25、1.7 EINECS reference2)204-696-9. 2.2 Commercial form The carbon dioxide is supplied as a pressurised liquefied or refrigerated pressurised gas. NOTE The solid form is not usually used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) Europea
26、n Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 7 2.3 Physical properties 2.3.1 Appearance The carbon dioxide is a colourless gas or liquid. 2.3.2 Density The density of the gas at 0 C and 101,3 kPa 3)is 1,976 8 kg/m3, while the density of the liquid at 0 C and
27、4 000 kPa is 933,318 kg/m3. 2.3.3 Solubility in water The solubility of the gas in water is 1,72 g/l at 20 C and 101,3 kPa. 2.3.4 Vapour pressure The vapour pressure of the liquid is 5 733,0 kPa at 20 C. 2.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa See 2.3.6. 2.3.6 Melting point The sublimation point of solid CO2
28、is 78,9 C and 101,3 kPa. 2.3.7 Specific heat The specific heat of carbon dioxide is 0,827 kJ/kg x K at 0 C and 100 kPa. 2.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) The viscosity of the liquid is 147 107Pa x s at 20 C. 2.3.9 Critical temperature The critical temperature of the liquid is 31 C. 2.3.10 Critical pressure
29、The critical pressure of the carbon dioxide is 7 383 kPa. 2.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 8 2.4 Chemical properties The carbon dioxide CO2forms a weak acid when dissolved in water. It reacts in aqueous solution with alkali hydroxides to form
30、 carbonates and bicarbonates. 3 Purity criteria 3.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for carbon dioxide used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw materi
31、al and the manufacturing process, other impurities may be present and if so, the user and when necessary to relevant authorities, shall be notified. Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for
32、 human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in the product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities
33、from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of further impurities or by-products being present, this shall be notified to the user. 3.2 Composition of commercial product The products shall conform to the requirement
34、s specified in Table 1. Table 1 Composition of commercial product Carbon dioxide, CO2volume fraction 99,9 % NOTE The minimum requirements of the commercial product are defined in the EU Directive 2008/84/EC of August 27, 2008 (see 2) and additional Changes RL 2010/67/EG from October 20th, 2010. 3.3
35、By-products The product tested in liquid phase shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2. BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 9 Table 2 By-products Content Moisture volume fraction 50 10-6(mass fraction 20 10-6max.) Ammonia volume fraction 2,5 10-6Oxygen volume fraction 30 10-6Oxides of Nitro
36、gen (NO/NO2) volume fraction 2,5 10-6each Non-volatile residue(particulates) mass fraction 10 10-6Non-volatile organic components (oil and fat) mass fraction 5 10-6Phosphine avolume fraction 0,3 10-6Total volatile hydrocarbons (calculated as methane) volume fraction 50 10-6of which volume fraction 2
37、0 10-6non-methane hydrocarbons Acetaldehyde volume fraction 0,2 10-6Benzene volume fraction 0,02 10-6Carbon Monoxide volume fraction 10 10-6Methanol volume fraction 10 10-6Hydrogen Cyanide bvolume fraction 0,5 10-6Total sulfur (as S) cvolume fraction 0,1 10-6Taste and odour in water Acceptable to co
38、nsumers and no abnormal change aAnalysis necessary only for carbon dioxide from phosphate rock sources. bAnalysis necessary only for carbon dioxide from coal gasification sources. cIf the total sulfur content exceeds volume fraction 0,1 10-6as sulfur then the species shall be determined separately a
39、nd the following limits apply: Carbonyl Sulfide volume fraction 0,1 10-6; Hydrogen Sulfide volume fraction 0,1 10-6; Sulfur Dioxide volume fraction 1,0 10-6. 3.4 Chemicals parameters Further chemical parameters and indicator parameters according to EU Directive 98/83/EC (see 1) are not found in the
40、gaseous phase. Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not by-products of the manufacturing process. 4 Test methods 4.1 Sampling The recommendations of ISBT “Carbon Dioxide Quality Guidelines and Analytical Procedure Bibliography, November 2010” (see 4) should be observed. BS EN 936:2013
41、EN 936:2013 (E) 10 4.2 Analysis 4.2.1 Carbon dioxide Measure of a fixed volume of product (V1). Absorption in potassium hydroxide solution (KOH) 30 % by a proper CO2appliance with an accuracy of volume fraction from 0 % to 0,05 % (calibrated in 0,01 % steps).The residue volume (V2) which is measured
42、 after absorption of CO2is to subtract from (V1). The difference (V1- V2) = V3is equivalent to the volume part of CO2(Equipment: Orsat, Zahm, Hasselberg). The recommendations of International Society of Beverage Technologists (ISBT) “Carbon Dioxide Guidelines and Analytical Procedure Bibliography No
43、vember 2010” should be observed (see 4). Alternatively, the carbon dioxide may be determined by gas chromatography. 4.2.2 Impurities Determine the volume of gas impurity (see 4.2.1). Alternatively, the impurities content may be determined by gas chromatography. 5 Labelling - Transportation - Storage
44、 5.1 Means of delivery Carbon dioxide shall be delivered liquefied, in pressurised containers (vessels) or as cryogenic liquefied gas in tanks. In order that the purity of the product is not affected, the means of delivery shall not have been previously used for any different product or it shall hav
45、e been specially cleaned and prepared before use. BS EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 11 5.2 Labelling according to the EU legislation4)The following labelling requirements in Figure 1 shall apply to carbon dioxide at the date of publication of this European Standard: Hazard pictogram GHS04 For carbon dio
46、xide (cryogenic liquefied gas) Signal word: Danger Hazard statement H281: Contains refrigerated gas; may cause cryogenic burns or injury For carbon dioxide (as gas) Signal word: Danger Hazard statement H280: Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated Precautionary statements (“P statements”)
47、 should be provided by the company being responsible for the marketing of the substance. They should be indicated on the packaging label and in the extended safety data sheet (eSDS) of the substance. Figure 1 The regulation 2, along with its amendments for the purposes of its adaptation to technical
48、 and scientific progress, contains a list of substances classified by the EU. Substances not listed in this regulation should be classified on the basis of their intrinsic properties according to the criteria in the regulation by the person responsible for the marketing of the substance. 4) See 2. B
49、S EN 936:2013EN 936:2013 (E) 12 5.3 Transportation regulations and labelling The labelling of tanks and transportable cylinders is as follows: a) liquid carbon dioxide is listed as UN Number 5)1013 and cryogenic liquefied carbon dioxide is listed as UN Number 2187; b) for liquid carbon dioxide: RID 6), ADR 7): class 2, classification code 2A; IMDG8): class 2; for refrigerated carbon dioxide: RID 6)ADR 7), class 2, classification code 3A; IMDG8): class 2. 5.4 Marki
