1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Railway applications Braking Generic vocabularyBS EN 14478:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14478 December 2017 ICS 01.040.45; 45.040 Supersedes EN 14478:2005English Version Railway applications
2、- Braking - Generic vocabulary Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Vocabulaire gnrique Bahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Fachbegriffe This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 August 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions fo
3、r giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in thre
4、e official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bod
5、ies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slo
6、venia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means res
7、erved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14478:2017 ENational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14478:2017. It supersedes BS EN 14478:2005, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/4/-/1, Railway appli
8、cations - Braking.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Publi
9、shed by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 90803 3ICS 45.060.01; 01.040.45Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2018.Amendments/corrig
10、enda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 14478:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14478 December 2017 ICS 01.040.45; 45.040 Supersedes EN 14478:2005English Version Railway applications - Braking - Generic vocabulary Applications ferroviaires - Freina
11、ge - Vocabulaire gnrique Bahnanwendungen - Bremsen - Fachbegriffe This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 August 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
12、 without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any o
13、ther language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republi
14、c, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUR
15、OPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14478:2017
16、EBS EN 14478:2017EN14478:2017(E/F/D)2ContentsPageEuropeanforeword4Introduction.61Scope.72Normative references.73Symbolsandabbreviations84Termsand definitions84.1Basicdefinitions.84.2Compatibilityofbrakesystems.94.3Performance.94.4Purposesofbraking94.5Mechanicsofbraking.114.6Kinematicsand dynamicsofb
17、raking.134.7Typesandcharacteristicsofbrakes.184.8Brakeoperation.234.9Brakecontrol274.9.1Generaldefinitions.274.9.2Typesofcontrol.294.9.3Typesofcombinedcontrol314.10Brakesystem components.324.10.1Componentsused forthecommand and control ofbraking324.10.2Sensors/Indicators.354.10.3Control assemblies36
18、4.10.4Controland/or brakesystemenergylines40SommairePageAvant-proposeuropen.4Introduction.61Domainedapplication.72Rfrencesnormatives73Symbolesetabrviations84Termesetdfinitions84.1Dfinitionsdebase84.2Compatibilitdessystmesdefreinage94.3Performance94.4Finalitsdu freinage.94.5Mcaniquedu freinage114.6Ci
19、nmatiqueetdynamiquedu freinage.134.7Typesetcaractristiquesdefreins184.8Mthodedefreinage234.9Commandedu frein274.9.1Dfinitionsgnrales.274.9.2Typesdecommande294.9.3Typesdecombinaisonsdecommandes.314.10Composantsdu systmedefreinage324.10.1Composantsutilisspourlecontrleetlacommandedu freinage.324.10.2Ca
20、pteurs/indicateurs.354.10.3Equipementsdecommande364.10.4Lignesdecommandeet/ou defourniturednergiedu systmedefreinage.40InhaltSeiteEuropischesVorwort4Einleitung61Anwendungsbereich.72NormativeVerweisungen73SymboleundAbkrzungen84Begriffe84.1BremstechnischeGrundbegriffe.84.2Bremssystemkompatibilitt94.3L
21、eistungsfhigkeit.94.4Bremsfunktionen.94.5MechanikdesBremsens114.6Kinematikund DynamikdesBremsens134.7ArtenundMerkmale vonBremsen184.8ArtenvonBremsungen234.9Bremssteuerung.274.9.1Allgemeine Begriffe274.9.2Steuerungsarten.294.9.3BauartenkombinierterSteuerungen.314.10BauteiledesBremssystems324.10.1Komp
22、onentenzurSteuerungvonBremsvorgngen324.10.2Sensoren/Anzeigen.354.10.3Steuereinrichtungen.364.10.4Steuer-und/oder Bremsenergieversorgungsleitungen40BS EN 14478:2017EN14478:2017(E/F/D)34.10.5Brakeforceapplicationsystem424.10.6Brake systemenergy storage474.10.7Compressed airsupply484.10.8Ancillaryairsy
23、stem equipment.504.10.9Hydraulicpressuresupply.514.10.10Hand brakeequipment.514.10.11Parkingbrakeequipment524.11WheelSlideProtection(WSP)534.12Typesofbrake test55AnnexA(informative)Delaytimeand build-up timeforbrakeapplication.56AnnexB(informative)Delay time andrelease timeforbrakerelease.57Bibliogr
24、aphy58Index.594.10.5Systmedapplicationdeleffortdefreinage.424.10.6Stockage de lnergie dusystme de freinage.474.10.7Productiondaircomprim.484.10.8Equipementsauxiliairesdu systmepneumatique.504.10.9Productiondepressionhydraulique.514.10.10Equipementsdefreinmain514.10.11Equipementsde freinde stationnem
25、ent524.11Anti-enrayeur (AE).534.12Typesdessaisde frein55AnnexeA(informative)Tempsmortettempsde serrage dufrein.56AnnexeB (informative)Tempsmortettempsde desserrage dufrein.57Bibliographie58Index594.10.5Bremskrafterzeugung undbertragung.424.10.6SpeichernvonEnergie474.10.7Druckluftversorgung484.10.8Pn
26、eumatischeHilfssysteme.504.10.9HydraulischeDruckerzeugung.514.10.10Handbremsen514.10.11Feststellbremse524.11Gleitschutz534.12Bremsprfungen55AnhangA(informativ)Verzugszeitund Bremsaufbauzeit56AnhangB (informativ)Verzugszeitund Bremslsezeit57Literaturhinweise58Stichwortverzeichnis59BS EN 14478:2017EN1
27、4478:2017(E/F/D)4EnglishVersionVersionfranaiseDeutscheFassungEuropeanforewordThis document(EN14478:2017)hasbeen preparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC256“Railwayapplications”,the secretariatofwhichisheldby DIN.Avant-proposeuropenLe prsentdocument(EN14478:2017)atlabor parle Comit Technique CEN/TC256“Appl
28、ications ferroviaires”,dontlesecrtariatesttenuparDIN.EuropischesVorwortDieses Dokument(EN14478:2017)wurde vomTechnischenKomitee CEN/TC256Eisenbahn-wesen“erarbeitet, dessenSekretariatvonDINgehaltenwird.ThisEuropeanStandardshall be giventhe statusofanationalstandard,eitherby publication ofanidentical
29、textorbyendorsement, atthelatestbyJune2018, andconflictingnational standardsshall bewithdrawnat thelatest byJune2018.Attentionisdrawntothepossibilitythatsomeofthe elementsof thisdocumentmaybethesubjectof patentrights.CENshallnotbeheldresponsibleforidentifyingany orallsuchpatentrights.Cette Norme eur
30、openne devra recevoirle statutde norme nationale, soit par publicationduntexteidentique, soitparentrinement, auplustardenjuin2018, ettouteslesnormesnationalesencontradictiondevronttre retiresauplustardenjuin2018.Lattentionestappele surle faitcertainsdeslmentsduprsentdocumentpeuventfairelobjetdedroit
31、sdepropritintellectuelleoudedroitsanalogues. Le CENne sauraittre tenupourresponsable de ne pasavoiridentifi de telsdroitsdeproprit etavertide leurexistence.DieseEuropischeNormmuss denStatuseinernationalenNormerhalten,entwederdurchVerffentlichungeines identischenTextes oderdurchAnerkennungbisJuni2018
32、, undetwaigeentgegenstehende nationale NormenmssenbisJuni2018zurckgezogenwerden.Es wirdaufdieMglichkeithingewiesen,dass einige Elemente diesesDokumentsPatentrechteberhrenknnen. CENistnichtdafrverantwortlich,einigeoderallediesbezglichenPatentrechte zuidentifizieren.This documentsupersedesEN14478:2005
33、.AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations, the nationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowingcountriesareboundto implementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, CzechRepublic,Denmark, Estonia,Finland,FormerYugoslavRepublicofMacedonia,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland
34、, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,Lithuania, Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania,Le prsentdocumentestdestin remplacerlEN14478:2005.Selonle RglementIntrieurduCEN-CENELEClesinstituts denormalisationnationauxdes payssuivants sonttenus demettrecetteNormeeuropenne enapplication:Allemagn
35、e, AncienneRpublique Yougoslave de Macdoine, Autriche,Belgique, Chypre, Croatie, Danemark, Espagne,Estonie, Finlande, France,Grce, Hongrie, Irlande,Islande,Italie, Lettonie,Lituanie, Luxembourg, DiesesDokumentersetztEN14478:2005.EntsprechendderCEN-CENELEC-Geschftsordnungsinddie nationalenNormungsins
36、titute derfolgendenLndergehalten,diese Europische Normzubernehmen:Belgien,Bulgarien, Dnemark, Deutschland, die ehemaligejugoslawischeRepublikMazedonien, Estland,Finnland, Frankreich, Griechenland, Irland, Island,Italien,Kroatien,Lettland, Litauen, Luxemburg,Malta,Niederlande, Norwegen, sterreich, Po
37、len, BS EN 14478:2017EN14478:2017(E/F/D)5Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland, Turkeyandthe UnitedKingdom.Malte,Norvge,Pays-Bas, Pologne,Portugal,Rpublique Tchque, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni,Serbie, Slovaquie, Slovnie, Sude,Suisse etTurquie.Portugal, Rumnien,Schweden,Schweiz, Serbien,Slowa
38、kei, Slowenien, Spanien,TschechischeRepublik,Trkei,Ungarn,Vereinigtes KnigreichundZypern.BS EN 14478:2017EN14478:2017(E/F/D)6IntroductionThis standardprovides unambiguous definitions ofgeneric terminologyusedinthefieldofrailwaybraking.Theterms anddefinitions reflectthoseusedinnumerouspublishedENstan
39、dardsaswellas relevantTechnicalSpecificationsforInteroperability(TSI).IntroductionLa prsente norme fournitdesdfinitionssansambigut de la terminologiegnriqueutilisedansle domaine dufreinage ferroviaire. Lestermesetdfinitions refltentceuxutiliss dans denombreuses normes ENpublies,ainsi quedans lesSpci
40、fications TechniquesdInteroprabilit(STI).EinleitungDiese NormdefiniertdiegrundlegendenBegriffedesEisenbahnbremswesens, die inzahlreichenverffentlichten EuropischenNormenundin deneinschlgigenTechnischenSpezifikationenfrInteroperabilittverwendetwerden.Brakingincludesall factorsthathave a bearingonthes
41、topping,slowingorimmobilisationperformance of the train(e.g. trainresistance,gradient,etc.)andmayinvolve the conversionanddissipation ofbrakingenergy.Le freinage incluttouslesfacteursayantune influence surla performancedarrt,deralentissementoudimmobilisationdutrain(parexemple:rsistance lavancement,d
42、clivitde lavoie, etc.)etquipeuventimpliquerune conversionouune dissipationde lnergie de freinage.Bremsenumfasstalle Einflussfaktoren,die am Anhalten, VerzgernoderFesthalteneinesZuges(z.B. Fahrwiderstand, Geflle usw.)beteiligtsindundkann dieUmwandlungunddasAbfhren derEnergie einschlieen.BS EN 14478:2
43、017EN14478:2017(E/F/D)71ScopeThis EuropeanStandardprovides terms anddefinitionsforcommonuseforbrakesandbrakinginrollingstock.1DomainedapplicationLa prsente norme donne la significationdestermes courammentutiliss dans ledomainedesfreinsetdufreinagedumatrielroulantferroviaire.1AnwendungsbereichDiese E
44、uropische Normlegtdie BedeutungallgemeinblicherBegriffe fest,die auf demGebietdesBremswesensderEisenbahnfahrzeugegebruchlichsind.2Normative referencesNotapplicable.2RfrencesnormativesNonapplicable.2Normative VerweisungenNichtanwendbar.BS EN 14478:2017EN14478:2017(E/F/D)83SymbolsandabbreviationsForth
45、epurposesofthisdocument,thefollowingsymbolsandabbreviationsapply.adeceleration, expressedinmetrespersecondsquared(m/s2)vspeed,expressedinmetrespersecond(m/s)ttime,expressedinseconds (s)sdistance,expressedinmetres(m)3Symboleset abrviationsPourlesbesoinsde la prsente norme, lessymboles etabrviations s
46、uivants sappliquent.adclration, exprime enmtresparsecondecarre(m/s2)vvitesse, exprime enmtres(m/s)ttemps, exprimensecondes(s)sdistance,exprime enmtres(m)3SymboleundAbkrzungenFrdieAnwendungdiesesDokumentsgeltendiefolgenden Abkrzungen undSymbole.aVerzgerung, inMeterje Quadratsekunde(m/s2)vGeschwindigk
47、eit, inMeterje Sekunde (m/s)tZeit, inSekunden(s)sWeg,inMeter(m)4TermsanddefinitionsForthepurposesofthisdocument,thefollowingterms anddefinitions apply.4Termeset dfinitionsPourles besoins duprsentdocument,les termesetdfinitions suivants sappliquent.4BegriffeFrdieAnwendungdiesesDokumentsgelten diefolg
48、endenBegriffe.4.1Basicdefinitions4.1Dfinitionsdebase4.1Bremstechnische Grundbegriffe4.1.1brakingprocess whichresults inthedecelerationofthetrain,ormaintainingaconstantspeedona gradientorpreventingastationarytrain frommoving4.1.1freinageprocessus qui conduitladclrationdutrain,ouaumaintiendune vitesse
49、 constante dansunepente, ou empcheruntrain larrtde se mettreen mouvement4.1.1BremsungVorgang,derzurVerzgerungdesZugesoderzumKonstanthalteneinerGeschwindigkeitfhrtoderdie BewegungeinesstehendenZugesverhindert4.1.2brake,orbrakesystemdevice orcombinationof devices, the principalfunctionofwhich isto causebraking4.1.2frein,ousystme de freinagequipementoucombinaisond
