1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16646:2014Maintenance Maintenancewithin physical assetmanagementBS EN 16646:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16646:2014.BSI, as a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN 16646:2014 as a British Standard. However
2、, attention is drawn to the fact that during the development of this European Standard, the UK committee voted against its approval as a European Standard.The standard provides guidance for establishing effective main-tenance management as part of an asset management strategy. However, it is the opi
3、nion of the UK committee that it does not give sufficient detail to enable the successful development and implementation of a system of maintenance management within an organization.Specifically, the phrase “maintenance function” is considered prob-lematic. It is not clear if the phrase refers to ma
4、intainers (carrying out physical maintenance), maintenance planners, analysts (analysing data from maintenance activities), designers who determine the maintenance schedule, the IT systems which support the maintenance process, or some subset of these functions. Those seeking to apply this standard
5、should therefore give careful consideration to the exact meaning of this phrase in the context given.The UK committee also has concerns that the standard does not fully address the systems that are required to support maintenance activities, such as maintenance management systems, feedback systems a
6、nd data analysis systems to allow experience to improve the maintenance of the asset in order to deliver increased benefit.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee DS/1, Dependability.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request
7、 to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 83321 2ICS 03.100.01Compliance with a British Sta
8、ndard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1
9、6646 December 2014 ICS 03.100.01 English Version Maintenance - Maintenance within physical asset management Maintenance - Maintenance dans le cadre de la gestion des actifs physiques Instandhaltung - Instandhaltung im Rahmen des Anlagenmanagements This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 Nove
10、mber 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be ob
11、tained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
12、CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irela
13、nd, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Cent
14、re: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16646:2014 EBS EN 16646:2014EN 16646:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms, definit
15、ions and abbreviations 6 3.1 Terms and definitions .6 3.2 Abbreviations .8 4 Overview of physical asset management .8 4.1 What is physical asset management .8 4.2 Hierarchy of physical assets: asset portfolio, asset systems and individual assets .8 4.3 Item and asset life and life cycle of physical
16、assets 9 4.4 Organizational context 9 5 Management system for physical assets . 10 5.1 Purpose of physical asset management system . 10 5.2 Interaction between organizational context, physical asset management and maintenance management 10 5.3 The influence of organizational context at the different
17、 levels of physical assets . 13 5.4 Management of maintenance process 13 5.5 Maintenance management responsibilities . 14 6 Physical asset management processes . 14 6.1 Physical asset management processes and life cycle stages . 14 6.2 Life cycle, asset and maintenance management processes . 15 6.2.
18、1 General . 15 6.2.2 Physical asset management process and maintenance management process at the portfolio level 15 6.2.3 Asset, maintenance and life cycle management process at the asset system level . 17 6.2.4 Physical asset management process, life cycle and maintenance management at the asset le
19、vel 20 6.3 Interrelationship between maintenance and other processes at asset and asset system level 22 6.3.1 Interrelationships between maintenance and acquisition/creation process . 22 6.3.2 Interrelationships between maintenance and operation 25 6.3.3 Interrelationships between maintenance and mo
20、dernization 26 6.3.4 Interrelationships between maintenance and disposal 28 6.3.5 Interrelationships between maintenance and physical asset management supports 29 6.3.6 Interrelationships between maintenance and management of assets 30 7 Performance monitoring 31 7.1 General KPIs of physical asset m
21、anagement 31 7.2 Specific performance indicators . 32 8 Organization and people enablers: organizational competences . 33 8.1 Structure and procedures 33 8.2 Competences 33 8.2.1 General . 33 8.2.2 Asset portfolio and asset system levels 33 8.2.3 Asset level . 34 Bibliography . 35 BS EN 16646:2014EN
22、 16646:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16646:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 319 “Maintenance”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement,
23、at the latest by June 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or a
24、ll such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of
25、 Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16646:2014EN 16646:2014 (E) 4 Introduction Why do we need
26、physical asset management today more than before? There are some very good reasons to develop physical asset management in all its aspects. There are also good reasons to clarify interrelationship between physical asset management processes and maintenance processes. Some of the reasons why physical
27、 asset management and maintenance as a part of physical asset management has become a more essential part of the organizations activities during the last decades are for example: globalization and increasing competition; growing financial, safety and environmental risks; radical change in business s
28、trategy long term vs. short term; attitudes towards physical assets have changed nowadays it is more common that the length of the ownership is not the same as the length of the whole item life; growth of capital intensity in some areas of industry; growing turbulence in the market; pressure for hig
29、her profitability and return on assets; aging of asset systems; increased pressure to improve added value of maintenance; more complicated and uncertain decision environment; increased requirements from the safety and environmental point of view; silo behaviour which keeps maintenance and other life
30、 cycle processes separated. In addition to the above mentioned trends in the market behaviour and technological development, there are many benefits which can be achieved with physical asset management activities: economically more efficient and effective use of capital: “turnover of capital”; more
31、profitable business: “return on assets”; more sustainable use of capital; more accurate long term life cycle decisions; direction to maintenance strategies and operations; integrated investment and maintenance planning; influence of maintenance function on asset creation development (design and engi
32、neering); integrated approach for production function (assets, operation and maintenance); improved position for the maintenance function among the other company functions; improved assessment of performance and control; BS EN 16646:2014EN 16646:2014 (E) 5 enhanced reputation. Further and maybe even
33、 greater benefits are now being found through improved credibility in the eyes of customers, regulators and other stakeholders. Physical asset management also results in much greater engagement and motivation of the workforce, and in more sustainable, continual improvement business processes. Physic
34、al asset management builds up the required link between maintenance management and organizational strategic plan and gives direction to maintenance activities. BS EN 16646:2014EN 16646:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard introduces physical asset management as a framework for maintenance activ
35、ities. It also introduces the relationship between organizational strategic plan and maintenance management system and describes the interrelations between maintenance process and all the other physical asset management processes. It addresses the role and importance of maintenance within physical a
36、sset management system during the whole life cycle of an item. This European Standard can be applied to production organizations of all sizes. However, if specific standards exist for a particular application or field of industry, those documents should also be considered. This European Standard con
37、sists of guidance and recommendations and is not intended to be used for certification, regulatory, or contractual use. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, on
38、ly the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13306, Maintenance - Maintenance terminology ISO 55000, Asset management Overview, principles and terminology ISO 55001, Asset management Management systems Requ
39、irements ISO 55002, Asset management Management systems Guidelines for the application of ISO 55001 EN 60300-3-3, Dependability management - Part 3-3: Application guide - Life cycle costing (IEC 60300-3-3) 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this docu
40、ment, the terms and definitions given in EN 13306, ISO 55000, EN 60300-3-3 and the following apply. 3.1.1 asset solution the result of concept definition 3.1.2 business environment all the external factors within the market, technology and community influencing on the decision making of the organiza
41、tion 3.1.3 creation of physical asset acquisition process, which can include concept definition, design, manufacturing, installation, commissioning 3.1.4 key success factor attribute required for an organization to ensure the success of an organization BS EN 16646:2014EN 16646:2014 (E) 7 3.1.5 life
42、cycle of a physical asset period of value realization from a physical asset by an organization including needs identification, creation or acquisition, utilization, maintenance, modernization and disposal Note 1 to entry: Life cycle of an item may contain several life cycles of a physical asset. An
43、item can have several sequential owners during its life cycle. Note 2 to entry: Realization of value will normally involve a balancing of costs, risks, opportunities and benefits. 3.1.6 life cycle of an item series of stages through which an item goes, from its conception to disposal 3.1.7 maintenan
44、ce task maintenance action sequence of elementary maintenance activities carried out for a given purpose 3.1.8 modernization modification or improvement in the case of nonconformity of the asset, taking into account technological advances, to meet new or changed requirements 3.1.9 operating conditio
45、ns physical loads and environmental conditions as experienced by the asset during the entire life cycle Note 1 to entry: Operating conditions can vary during the assets life cycle. 3.1.10 operating constraints characteristics of the asset, which set limits for the use of the asset and may determine
46、requirements for maintenance activities Note 1 to entry: These characteristics are the results of design and construction of the assets and are influenced by the operational mode and operation conditions. 3.1.11 operational mode way a physical asset is operated and utilized during the entire life cy
47、cle determined by the numbers of units of use (hours, starts/stops, transients) Note 1 to entry: Operational mode determines the frequency, load, continuity and performance rate of utilization. 3.1.12 physical asset item that has potential or actual value to an organization Note 1 to entry: Examples
48、 of physical assets are components, machines, plants, construction works, buildings. BS EN 16646:2014EN 16646:2014 (E) 8 3.1.13 physical asset management coordinated activities of an organization to realize value from physical assets Note 1 to entry: Realization of value will normally involve a bala
49、ncing of costs, risks, opportunities and benefits. Note 2 to entry: In the life cycle context, physical asset management is the optimal life cycle management of physical assets to sustainably achieve the stated business objectives. 3.1.14 technical depreciation difference between the asset replacement value and actual value Note 1 to entry: Technical depreciation should be based on the asset replacement value but not on asset book value. Note 2 to entry: Technical depreciation can be calculated as a ratio of asset
