1、BS EN 16729-1:2016Railway applications Infrastructure Non-destructive testing on rails intrackPart 1: Requirements for ultrasonicinspection and evaluation principlesBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 16729-1:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordTh
2、is British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16729-1:2016.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RAE/2, Railway Applications - Track.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not p
3、urport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 80335 2ICS 93.100Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations
4、.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 16729-1:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16729-1 May 2016 ICS 93.100 English Version Railway applic
5、ations - Infrastructure - Non-destructive testing on rails in track - Part 1: Requirements for ultrasonic inspection and evaluation principles Applications ferroviaires - Infrastructure - Essais non destructifs sur les rails de voie - Partie 1: Exigences pour les principes dvaluation et dinspection
6、par ultrasons Bahnanwendungen - Infrastruktur - Zerstrungsfreie Prfung an Schienen im Gleis - Teil 1: Anforderungen an Ultraschallprfungen und Bewertungsgrundlagen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 March 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations w
7、hich stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This
8、European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN member
9、s are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal
10、, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form a
11、nd by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16729-1:2016 EBS EN 16729-1:2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Basics . 6 4.1 General 6 4.2 Principle of ultrasonic test
12、ing in track 7 4.3 Ultrasonic testing speed and detection of discontinuities . 7 4.4 Simulation of internal reflectors in reference rails 7 5 Detection of reference reflectors . 10 6 Control of positioning accuracy 13 Annex A (normative) Simulated reflectors in reference rails . 14 Annex B (informat
13、ive) Simulated reflectors in reference rails 33 Annex C (informative) Ultrasonic test areas in rails tested with test vehicles or manually-propelled devices . 37 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC . 39 Bibliogr
14、aphy . 40 BS EN 16729-1:2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16729-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by
15、publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall no
16、t be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive 200
17、8/57/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This series of European Standards EN 16729, Railway applications Infrastructure Non-destructive testing on rails in track, consists of: Part 1: Requirements for ultrasonic inspection and evaluation principles; Part 2: Edd
18、y current testing of rails in track planned; Part 3: Requirements for identifying internal and surface rail defects planned; Part 4: Qualification of personnel for non-destructive testing on rails planned. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
19、 following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherla
20、nds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16729-1:2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard represents the actual state of the art of automated ultrasonic testing of rails in track applied by Europ
21、ean railway companies. BS EN 16729-1:2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to testing of rails installed in track for detecting internal discontinuities. This part applies to testing equipment fitted to dedicated test vehicles or manually-propelled devices. This European S
22、tandard does not define the requirements for vehicle acceptance. This part of the standard does not apply to ultrasonic testing of rails in a production plant. The European Standard specifies the requirements for testing principles and systems in order to produce comparable results with regard to lo
23、cation, type and size of discontinuities in rails. This European Standard is not aiming to give any guidelines for managing the result of ultrasonic rail testing. This European Standard applies only to rail profiles meeting the requirements of EN 13674-1. 2 Normative references The following documen
24、ts, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1330-4, Non-destructive t
25、esting - Terminology - Part 4: Terms used in ultrasonic testing EN 13674-1, Railway applications - Track - Rail - Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 1330-4 and the following apply. 3.1 parts
26、 of the rail components that constitute the rail itself as shown in Figure 1 BS EN 16729-1:2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 6 Key 1 field side 2 gauge corner side 3 rail head 4 rail web 5 rail foot running surface gauge corner area rail head side area rail head fillet radius area rail web area rail foot fill
27、et radius area rail foot area Figure 1 Parts of the rail 3.2 simulated reflector artificial feature designed to represent a real defect of a known size, orientation and position 3.3 functional reflector artificial feature designed to dynamically test an ultrasonic system at normal operation speed 4
28、Basics 4.1 General In order to verify the performance of the automated ultrasonic systems for rail testing there shall be defined reference reflectors in a test track. These reference reflectors shall be recorded and reported at the normal operational speed of the test vehicle/system. BS EN 16729-1:
29、2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 7 The reference rail in the test track shall be constructed from new rail to provide the correct head profile and running surface condition. Rails with corrosion on the running surface shall be cleaned to allow the transmission of ultrasound prior to any testing, for example
30、using a powered steel wire brush. A signal shown on the display of an ultrasonic instrument or system as a result of received ultrasonic pulse is called an indication. Evidence obtained by non-destructive testing. In test systems according to this standard ultrasound at a frequency range of 2 MHz to
31、 5 MHz is used. A flat-bottomed hole (FBH) shall be machined using a twist drill at the appropriate diameter followed by a slot drill hole of the same diameter to the required depth to generate the flat end of the hole. Accuracy in diameter and depth shall be within 0,1 mm. Accuracy in angle shall b
32、e within 0,1. A side drilled hole (SDH) shall be machined using a twist drill at the appropriate diameter. Accuracy in diameter shall be within 0,1 mm. Accuracy in angle shall be within 0,1. An electrical discharge machined (EDM) notch shall be machined to the desired shape and orientation with an a
33、ccuracy of 0,1 mm. Accuracy in angle shall be within 0,1. Due to wear of the rail, dimension might vary. If the rail is used for distance and sensitivity setting of Ultrasonic Testing (UT) inspection devices this needs to be taken into account. 4.2 Principle of ultrasonic testing in track Ultrasonic
34、 waves transmitted into the rail will be reflected from the surfaces of the rail body. Fractures and other discontinuities within the rail, as well as the boundary of the rail will act as reflecting surfaces. By receiving, recording and interpreting the returned ultrasonic signals, it is possible to
35、 detect discontinuities within a rail installed in track before they present an unacceptable risk to the integrity and strength of the rail. Annex C gives examples of test areas in rails tested with test vehicles or manually propelled devices. 4.3 Ultrasonic testing speed and detection of discontinu
36、ities Ultrasonic beams have a width which is determined by the size of the transducer and the frequency. All reflectors interact with the ultrasonic beam. The beam sweeps across the reflector when the vehicle and / or manually-propelled device travels along the track. Ultrasound will be reflected an
37、d detected by the transducer. All ultrasonic systems use a threshold level in a gate and the system will record a response when the reflection is above the threshold level. By controlling the gain in the ultrasonic system and the gate threshold level the number of responses for a given size of refle
38、ctor can be defined. A reflector can be sized by setting the system parameters so that a known number of responses are received from a known sized reference reflector. The relationship of the number of responses and the size of the reference reflector is known. This applies to all the reflectors in
39、Annex A. The maximum testing speed depends upon the rail profile (longitudinal and transverse), reflector size to be detected, the beam width, sampling frequency and the number of responses required for an indication to be recorded. 4.4 Simulation of internal reflectors in reference rails Reference
40、rails incorporating sets of reference reflectors selected from Annex A shall be created. In addition, reference rails incorporating sets of reference reflectors selected from Annex B may be created. They shall be installed in the left and right rails of a section of track if test vehicles are used.
41、If only trolleys or manually-propelled devices are used the reference rails may be installed out-of-track. The length of the reference rails is not defined by this standard. When in track carrying traffic, the distance between the simulated reflectors and functional reflectors should be assessed by
42、the Infrastructure Manager with consideration to the structural integrity of the rail. Reference reflectors shall be orientated to check probes scanning in both directions. BS EN 16729-1:2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 8 To prevent the influence of water and dirt on the ultrasonic responses, reference holes
43、 and notches shall be plugged with a synthetic compound. Where the reference rails carry traffic the infrastructure manager shall carry out a risk assessment to determine if reinforcement of the reference reflectors is necessary (fishplates or similar) and determine the maintenance regime of the ref
44、erence rails. When several values are given for a certain quantity in Table 1, they are all mandatory. If a range is given for a quantity the user may chose a value within this range. For example reflector No. 01 consists of three holes in a rail. All holes have a diameter of 6 mm. The distance from
45、 the running surface to the centre of the hole is 7 mm for the first hole and 10 mm and 20 mm for the second and third hole respectively. This leads to three holes in a rail for reflector No. 01. No. 02 consists of four holes in a rail. Two holes for the forward direction and two holes for the backw
46、ard direction. The distance from the running surface (see Figure A.2) can be chosen within a range of 10 mm to 20 mm. The holes per direction have a diameter of 5 mm and 10 mm respectively. This leads to four holes in a rail for reflector No. 02. Table 1 Artificial reflectors in reference rails (nor
47、mative references) No. Figure, shown in Annex A Type S/FaDescription Dimensions mm 01 Figure A.1 F Volumetric reflector in rail head a = 7; 10; 20 d = 6 02 Figure A.2 S Central transverse reflector (20) in rail head a = 10 to 20 d = 5;10 03 Figure A.3 S Gauge transverse reflector (20) in rail head a
48、 = 10 to 20 b = 10 to 15 d = 5; 10 04 Figure A.4 S Full width transverse reflector (20) in rail head a = 20 d = 3 l = 7 05 Figure A.5 S Full width transverse reflector (35) in rail head a = 20 d = 3 l = 7 06 Figure A.6 S Full width transverse reflector (53) in rail head a = 20 d = 3 l = 7 07 Figure
49、A.7 F Volumetric reflector gauge side of rail head a = 25 b = 20; 25; 30; 36 d = 6 to 8 08 Figure A.8 F Volumetric reflector field side of rail head a = 25 b = 20; 25; 30; 36 d = 6 to 8 09 Figure A.9 S Horizontal reflector in rail head a = 20 d = 5; 8; 10 10 Figure A.10 S Horizontal bolt hole slot l = 5; 10 11 Figure A.11 S Bolt hole slot, position A l = 5; 10 12 Figure A.12 S Bolt hole slot, position B l = 5; 10 BS EN 16729-1:2016EN 16729-1:2016 (E) 9 No. Figure, shown in Annex A Type S/FaDescription Dimensions mm 13 Figure A.13 S Bolt hole sl
