1、STD-BSI BS EN bLUUD-5-5-ENGL L99b W Lb24bb9 0575279 822 BRITISH STANDARD Electromagnetic compatibility Part 5. Installation and mitigation guidelines Section 5. Specification of protective devices for HEMP conducted disturbance. Basic ERIC publication The European Standard EN 61W5-5 : 1996 has the s
2、tatus of a British standard ICs 33.100 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 61000-5-5 : 1996 IEC 1000-5-6 : 1996 BS EN 61000-5-6 : 1996 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this Britkh standard was entrusted to Technical Committe
3、e GEM10, Electromagnetic compatibiity, upon which the foliowing bodies were represented: This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Eiectrotechnica,i Sector Board, was pubiished under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 16 December 1996 O BSI 199
4、6 Associon of Consuiting Scientists Association of Control Manufacturers (TACMA (BEAMA La) Association of Manufacturers of Domestic Eledrical Appliances Association of Manufacturers of Power Generating systems BEAMA Ltd. BEAMA Metering Association (BMA) British ndustzia Thick Associon British Lighti
5、ng Association for the Preparation of standards British Telecommunications pic Building Automation and Mains Signailing Association (BAMSA) Department of Health Department of Thde and Industry (Standards Policy Unit) Elecdxical Instaalaton Equipment Manufacturers Association Electricity Association
6、ERATechnology Ltd. Federation of the Electronics Industry GAhfBICA (BEMM Ltd.) Health and Safety Executive Induction and Dielectric Heating Manufacturers Association institution of Electrical Engineem International Asociation of Broadcasting Manufadmers Lighting Industry Federation Ltd. Mitishy of D
7、efence Motor Industry Research Association Nationai Air Tkafc Services National Physical Laboratory Power Supply Manufacturem Association (PSMA (BEAMA Ltd.) Professional Lighting and Sound Association Radiocommunications Agency Rotating Electrid Machines Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Society of British G
8、as Industries Society of Motor Manufacturers and Ilraders Limited Il.ansmission and Distribution Association (BEAMA Ltd.) Co-opted members 0 (BEAMA Ltd.) (BEAMA Ltd.) Amendments issued since publication The foiiowing BSI references reiate to the work on this standard Commime reference GEL210 J.)rat
9、for cornent 92/34648 DC ISBN O SS0 26381 9 STD.BS1 BS EN bL000-5-5-ENGL L77b = Lb29bb7 0575283 980 BS EN 6100066 : 1996 Contents page Committees responsible Inside fmnt cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 kxt of EN 61W 3 o BSI 1996 STD-BSI BS EN bL000-5-5-ENGL L77b Lb2Libb7 0575282 317 BS EN 61000
10、-5-6 : 1996 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared by Technical Commit.ee GEL410 and is the English anguage veision of EN 61000$-5 : 1996 Electmmagnek mpatrity MC) Part 5: Instauation and mitigation guidelines Section 5: Speccation of protective devices for HEMP c telecmmunkation,
11、 electmnh, lighting and cdour terms Part 1 Tm cmmn to power, telecommunications and elecmcs Group 09: 1991 Elec-tic compatibility BS 923 Guide on highvoltage testing techniques Part1:199oGeneral BS EN 60099 Surge arresters BS EN 600991 : 1994 Non-linear resistor type gapped surge arresters for a.c.
12、systems BS 3939 Gmphka symbols for - expulsion-type arresters: - non-linear resistor type arresters; - safety arresters: - thyristor diodes (under consideration). Voltage limiting devices: - metal-oxide varistor; - avalanche-junction transient voltage suppressors. Bandwidth limiting devices: - filte
13、rs; - protection circuits. Isolating devices (not dealt with): - optical links; - transformers. - optocouplers; Page 8 EN 61000-5-6 : 1996 Combination devices: - protection circuits; - safety arresters. Coaxial r.f.-circuit protectors: - coaxial holders; - stub-lines, resonators. 4.1.2 Fundamentals
14、on specifications of protective devices Each type of protection device as described above has its advantages and disadvantages with respect to a specific application. General comparisons between different types of devices may be misleading and shall not be made In specifications. Information about t
15、he switching time or delay time of a device shall not be given unless this time is largely independent of duldt and dgdt, and the fast action is not masked by the inductive voltage drop on the leads in practical applications. Protective devices are specified for independent worst case responso to fu
16、ndamental threat parameters like duldt, dYdt and critical waveforms. It is only by this principle that the great variety of threat events and possible combinations of threat parameters may be covered. Specifying the response to combined waveforms, containing several of the mentioned threat parameter
17、s in one pulse, would necessitate a large number of pulses with different combinations of parameters. On single-element protective devices like gas discharge tubes, metal-oxide varistors, and avalanche-junction transient voltage suppressors, the mentioned threat parameters do not, in practice, occur
18、 at the same time. The device will therefore respond independently to each of them, and the corresponding residual voltages will not be super- imposed. In combined devices with integrating properties like protection circuits containing filters, their response to high dlddt and d#dt may be superimpos
19、ed but will not lead to the highest residual vtiltage. In protection circuits, the power handling capability is usually concentrated in the primary protection element (gas discharge tube or powerful varistor). The precise voltage limiting action and the suppression of the high-frequency transients a
20、re achieved independently by interaction between the secondary protection element (capacitor, varistor or protective diode) and the longitudinal decoupling element (inductive impedance). In such a configuration, the responses to the specified impulse discharge current, and high dddt and dgdt may par
21、tially be superimposed. The influence of duldt and dridt depends on the insertion loss at the highest frequencies and is usually negligible. HEMP-relevant specifications may be verified only in an ideal measurement Set-up. In practical applications residual voltages may be much higher than specified
22、 because of the inductive voltage drop on the leads of the protection device and other imperfections of the Set-up. Voltage breakdown devices (see above) may create even higher duldt and dldt within an equipment than what would be expected from the HEMP. This may lead to excessive residual voltages
23、in poorly designed secondary protections. In combinations of primary and secondary protection elements, care should be taken to ensure the proper decoupling (power split-up) between the elements under all possible surge conditions. STD.BS1 BS EN bL000-5-5-ENGL 377b 3b2LibbS 0575293 32T Page 9 EN 610
24、00-6-6 : 1996 4.2 Gas discharge tubes Applies also to spark gap devices for protection of communication and signalling circuits, but not to valve, expulsion, or non-linear resistor type arresters. 4.2.1 Basic specifications Gas discharge tubes shall at least be specified for the following non-HEMP-r
25、elevant properties: d.c. spark-over voltage (guaranteed minimum and maximum values); maximum impulse spark-over voltage for rates of rise of 100 V/vs, 1 kV/ps, and 10 kV/ps; nominal impulse discharge current (nominal peak pulse current), waveform 8/20; maximum a.c. current 15 Hz to 62 Hz, during 1 s
26、; holdover voltage; insulation resistance; capacitance; mechanical dimensions and tolerances. lhe specifications shall be given according or analogous to a widely accepted standard (for information about standards, see annex E). The name of the standard used shall be given. 4.2.2 Additional basic sp
27、ecifications High pressure gas discharge tubes Some types of gas discharge tubes with high nominal d.c. spark-over voltages use high pressure gas to improve their sparksver characteristics for fast rising transients. An accidental loss of pressure and exchange of the gas with air may lower the d.c.
28、spark-over voltage of such arresters, and thus endanger equipment and operators if used on power supply lines. Gas discharge tubes with a gas pressure higher than 900 kPa shall therefore additionally be specified in their d.c. spark-over voltage with a gas pressure of 900 kPa and with the gas exchan
29、ged with air under a pressure of 900 kPa. 4.2.3 HMf-relevant specifications Maximum impulse spark-over voltage The maximum impulse spark-over voltage shall be specified at a rate of rise of 100 kV/ps and 1 kV/ns or higher 2 1. lhe gas discharge tubes shall meet the specified maximum sparksver voltag
30、e in the new state, after life tests according to the standard used for the basic specifications, in darkness (15 min prior to testing), in natural daylight, for first discharges (15 min recovery time prior to testing), for repetitive dscharges and with either polarity. *) lhe test Set-up and measur
31、ing procedure shall be according to 4.2 to 4.8 of IEC lOOO-4-24. STD*BSI BS EN bL000-5-5-ENGL 1776 Lb24bb7 0575272 2bb Page 10 EN 61000-5-8 : 1996 Devices intended for use in coaxial holdes shall be tested in type A test fixtures 3). Devices intended to be soldered into a circuit may also be tested
32、in type A fixtures with their leads cut away. In this case, reference shall be made to this modification. Devices that do not fit into commercially available coaxial holders without further modification shall be tested in a type B test fixture with reference to the length of the leads. As inductive
33、overshoot is normally negligible compared with impulse sparksver voltage, no specification of inductance is necessary. Impulse discharge cuvent The nominal impulse discharge current shall be specified for 30 or alternatively 300 pulses of waveform o/ 000 4 1. 4.3 Metal oxide varistors (MOV) 4.3.1 Ba
34、sic specifications Metal oxide varistors shall be specified according to IEC 1051-1 and IEC 1051-2. 4.3.2 Additional basic specifications The maximum peak current shall be specified for a single 8/20 and a single lO/l O00 pulse. Other waveforms (such as 23/23 ns, 10/350 ps) may be used additionally
35、?1. The voltage under pulse conditions shall be specified for the maximum peak current (1 pulse, form 8f20) or be recognizable from an appropriate diagram. If a disconnecting system is included or recommended it shall be described in the data sheet. 4.3.3 HEMP-relevent specifiiations Inductance In m
36、etal-oxide varistors, the conduction mechanism is similar to that of other semiconductor devices. Conduction occurs very rapidly in the nanosecond range. However, in the conventional two-lead configuration, this fast action of the varistor may be completely masked by the voltage drop on the inductan
37、ce of the leads, when subjected to high dildf. Under HEMP conditions the residual voltage of a varistor is the sum of the inductive voltage drop and the clamping voltage. As the two peak values do not occur at the same time, they may be treated independently in most cases 5 1. J, See IEC 1000-4-24.
38、The waveform 10H O00 ps relates to lighming and to the intermediate-time HEMP. For lightning specificaons usually 300 applicatlons of the pulse 1011 O00 ps are specified. For HEMP-specifications 30 applications would be more useful. The inductive voltage drop due to a current waveform 8/20 ps is mor
39、e than an order of magnitude smaller than under HEMP conditions. STD-BSI BS EN bL000-5-5-ENGL L97b Lb2qbb9 0575293 LT2 Page 11 EN 61000-5-6 : 1996 The inductance L of a varistor shall be specified with defined lead-length. The inductive voltage drop may be calculated as . u = L x dildt where L is th
40、e inductance of the varistor with leads. The inductance may be calculated from the geometry of the current path in the conducting state or measured as proposed in annex B. 4.4 Expulsion-type arresters Not recommended for HEMP protection. 4.5 Non-linear resistor type arresters For definition, see 3.1
41、3. 4.5.1 Basic specifications Non-linear resistor type arresters shall at least be specified for the following non-HEMP- relevant properties: - rated voltage; - d.c. sparksver voltage (guaranteed minimum and maximum values); - maximum impulse spark-over voltage for rates of rise of 100 V/ps, 1 kWus
42、and 10 kV/ps; - nominal impulse discharge current (nominal peak pulse current), waveform 8/20 and 10/1 000. Other waveforms may be used additionally; - maximum a.c. current 15 Hz to 62 Hz, during 1 s: - insulation resistance: - capacitance; - mechanical dimensions and tolerances. The specifications
43、shall be given according to IEC 99-1 as far as this standard is applicable. 4.5.2 Additional basic specifications The voltage under pulse conditions shall be specified for the maximum peak pulse current (waveform 8/20) or be recognizable from an appropriate diagram. If a disconnecting system is incl
44、uded or recommended it shall be described in the data sheet. 4.5.3 HEMP-relevant specifications Maximum impulse spark-over votage The maximum impulse spark-over voltage shall be specified at a rate of rise of 100 kV/ps and 1 kV/ns or higher. STD-BSI BS EN bL000-5-5-ENGL-L99b LbZqbb9 057529q O39 D Pa
45、ge 12 EN 61000-5-6 : 1996 Inductance The inductance L of a non-linear resistor type arrester shall be specified for the mounting configuration proposed and defined by the manufacturer. The inductive voltage drop may then be calculated as u = L x dildt The inductance may be calculated from the geomet
46、ry of the current path in the conducting state or measured as proposed in annex B. 4.6 A valanche-junctbn transient voltage suppressors (protective diodes) Applies also to combinations of diodes, connected in series for lower capacitance. 4.6.1 Basic specfications At least the following non-HEMP-rel
47、evant properties of protective diodes shall be specified: - reverse stand-off voltage (maximum d.c. voltage); - minimum breakdown voltage (minimum voltage at 1 mA or 10 mA); - maximum peak pulse current (of specified waveform); - maximum clamping voltage (maximum voltage at maximum peak pulse curren
48、t); - peak pulse power (versus pulse duration); - typical capacitance; - mechanical dimensions and tolerances. The information shall be given according or analogous to a wideJy accepted standard (for information about standards, see annex E. The name of the standard used shall be given. 4.6.2 HEMP-r
49、elevant specifcations Maximum peak phe power The maximum peak pulse power shall be specified for peak pulse currents of a specified waveform, with pulse durations as small as 100 ns, analogous to the basic specifications. Maximum clamping .voltage The maximum clamping voltage shall be specified for a peak pulse current of waveform 8/20. Inductance In protective diodes conduction occurs very rapidly, with no apparent time lag in the nanosecond range. Nevertheless, in conventional two-lead configurations, this fast action may be completely masked by the volta
