1、Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines - Rehabilitation and performance improvement (IEC 62256:2017)BS EN 62256:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 62256 September 2017 ICS 27.140 Super
2、sedes EN 62256:2008 English Version Hydraulic turbines, storage pumps and pump-turbines - Rehabilitation and performance improvement (IEC 62256:2017) Turbines hydrauliques, pompes daccumulation et pompes turbines - Rhabilitation et amlioration des performances (IEC 62256:2017) Wasserturbinen, Speich
3、erpumpen und Pumpturbinen - Modernisierung und Verbesserung der Leistungseigenschaften (IEC 62256:2017) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-07-04. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
4、Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions
5、 (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committ
6、ees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slova
7、kia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN
8、ELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 62256:2017 E National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 62256:2017. It is identical to IEC 62256:2017. It supersedes BS EN 62256:2008, which is withdrawn.The UK
9、 participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/15, Hydraulic turbines.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are respo
10、nsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 90197 3ICS 27.140Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards
11、Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 62256:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 62256 September 2017 ICS 27.140 Supersedes EN 62256:2008 English Version Hydraulic turbines, storage
12、 pumps and pump-turbines - Rehabilitation and performance improvement (IEC 62256:2017) Turbines hydrauliques, pompes daccumulation et pompes turbines - Rhabilitation et amlioration des performances (IEC 62256:2017) Wasserturbinen, Speicherpumpen und Pumpturbinen - Modernisierung und Verbesserung der
13、 Leistungseigenschaften (IEC 62256:2017) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-07-04. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterati
14、on. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language mad
15、e by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech R
16、epublic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the Unite
17、d Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means re
18、served worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 62256:2017 E BS EN 62256:2017EN 62256:2017 2 European foreword The text of document 4/323/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62256, prepared by IEC TC 4 “Hydraulic turbines“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 6225
19、6:2017. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2018-04-04 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 20
20、20-07-04 This document supersedes EN 62256:2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International
21、 Standard IEC 62256:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60041 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60041. IEC 60193 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60193. IEC 60609 (Seri
22、es) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60609 (Series). IEC 60994 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60994. IEC 62097 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62097. IEC 62364 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62364. 2 IEC 62256:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 7 INTRODUCTION . 9 1 Scope 10 2 Normative references 10 3 Terms, definitions and nomenclature .
23、 10 4 Reasons for rehabilitating 12 4.1 General . 12 4.2 Reliability and availability increase 14 4.3 Life extension and performance restoration . 14 4.4 Performance improvement 14 4.5 Plant safety improvement 14 4.6 Environmental, social and regulatory issues 15 4.7 Maintenance and operating cost r
24、eduction 15 4.8 Other considerations . 15 5 Phases of a rehabilitation project . 15 5.1 General . 15 5.2 Decision on organization . 17 5.2.1 General . 17 5.2.2 Expertise required . 17 5.2.3 Contract arrangement 17 5.3 Level of assessment and determination of scope 18 5.3.1 General . 18 5.3.2 Feasibi
25、lity study Stage 1 . 19 5.3.3 Feasibility study Stage 2 . 19 5.3.4 Detailed study 19 5.4 Contractual issues 23 5.4.1 General . 23 5.4.2 Specification requirements . 24 5.4.3 Tendering documents and evaluation of tenders 24 5.4.4 Contract award(s) 25 5.5 Execution of project 25 5.5.1 Model test activ
26、ities . 25 5.5.2 Design, construction, installation and testing . 25 5.6 Evaluation of results and compliance with guarantees . 26 5.6.1 General . 26 5.6.2 Turbine performance evaluation. 26 5.6.3 Generator performance evaluation . 27 5.6.4 Penalties and/or bonuses assessment . 27 6 Scheduling, cost
27、 analysis and risk analysis . 27 6.1 Scheduling 27 6.1.1 General . 27 6.1.2 Scheduling Assessment, feasibility and detailed study phases 28 6.1.3 Evaluating the scheduling component of alternatives . 28 6.1.4 Scheduling specification and tendering phase . 29 6.1.5 Scheduling project execution phases
28、 . 29 6.2 Economic and financial analyses 29 BS EN 62256:2017EN 62256:2017 2 European foreword The text of document 4/323/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62256, prepared by IEC TC 4 “Hydraulic turbines“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 62256:2017. The follow
29、ing dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2018-04-04 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2020-07-04 This docu
30、ment supersedes EN 62256:2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 6225
31、6:2017 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60041 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60041. IEC 60193 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60193. IEC 60609 (Series) NOTE Harmonize
32、d as EN 60609 (Series). IEC 60994 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60994. IEC 62097 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62097. IEC 62364 NOTE Harmonized as EN 62364. 2 IEC 62256:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 7 INTRODUCTION . 9 1 Scope 10 2 Normative references 10 3 Terms, definitions and nomenclature . 10 4 Reasons for
33、rehabilitating 12 4.1 General . 12 4.2 Reliability and availability increase 14 4.3 Life extension and performance restoration . 14 4.4 Performance improvement 14 4.5 Plant safety improvement 14 4.6 Environmental, social and regulatory issues 15 4.7 Maintenance and operating cost reduction 15 4.8 Ot
34、her considerations . 15 5 Phases of a rehabilitation project . 15 5.1 General . 15 5.2 Decision on organization . 17 5.2.1 General . 17 5.2.2 Expertise required . 17 5.2.3 Contract arrangement 17 5.3 Level of assessment and determination of scope 18 5.3.1 General . 18 5.3.2 Feasibility study Stage 1
35、 . 19 5.3.3 Feasibility study Stage 2 . 19 5.3.4 Detailed study 19 5.4 Contractual issues 23 5.4.1 General . 23 5.4.2 Specification requirements . 24 5.4.3 Tendering documents and evaluation of tenders 24 5.4.4 Contract award(s) 25 5.5 Execution of project 25 5.5.1 Model test activities . 25 5.5.2 D
36、esign, construction, installation and testing . 25 5.6 Evaluation of results and compliance with guarantees . 26 5.6.1 General . 26 5.6.2 Turbine performance evaluation. 26 5.6.3 Generator performance evaluation . 27 5.6.4 Penalties and/or bonuses assessment . 27 6 Scheduling, cost analysis and risk
37、 analysis . 27 6.1 Scheduling 27 6.1.1 General . 27 6.1.2 Scheduling Assessment, feasibility and detailed study phases 28 6.1.3 Evaluating the scheduling component of alternatives . 28 6.1.4 Scheduling specification and tendering phase . 29 6.1.5 Scheduling project execution phases . 29 6.2 Economic
38、 and financial analyses 29 BS EN 62256:2017IEC 62256:2017 IEC 2017 3 6.2.1 General . 29 6.2.2 Benefit-cost analysis 30 6.2.3 Identification of anticipated benefits . 31 6.2.4 Identification of anticipated costs and benefits . 32 6.2.5 Sensitivity analysis 33 6.2.6 Conclusions . 34 6.3 Risk analysis.
39、 34 6.3.1 General . 34 6.3.2 Non-achievement of performance risk 34 6.3.3 Risk of continued operation without rehabilitation 35 6.3.4 Extension of outage risk 35 6.3.5 Financial risks . 35 6.3.6 Project scope risk 36 6.3.7 Other risks . 36 7 Assessment and determination of scope of the work 37 7.1 G
40、eneral . 37 7.2 Assessment of the site 37 7.2.1 Hydrology 37 7.2.2 Actual energy production . 38 7.2.3 Environmental, social and regulatory issues 38 7.3 The assessment of the turbine 39 7.3.1 General . 39 7.3.2 Turbine integrity assessment . 39 7.3.3 Residual life. 52 7.3.4 Turbine performance asse
41、ssment 61 7.4 The assessment of related equipment . 83 7.4.1 General . 83 7.4.2 Generator and thrust bearing . 84 7.4.3 Turbine governor . 84 7.4.4 Turbine inlet and outlet valves, pressure relief valve 85 7.4.5 Auxiliary equipment . 85 7.4.6 Equipment for erection, dismantling and maintenance . 86
42、7.4.7 Penstock and other water passages 86 7.4.8 Consequences of changes in plant specific hydraulic energy (head) 86 7.4.9 Grid integration 87 8 Hydraulic design and performance testing options . 87 8.1 General . 87 8.2 Computational hydraulic design 88 8.2.1 General . 88 8.2.2 The role of CFD . 88
43、 8.2.3 The process of a CFD cycle . 89 8.2.4 The accuracy of CFD results 89 8.2.5 How to use CFD for rehabilitation 90 8.2.6 CFD versus model tests . 91 8.3 Model tests . 91 8.3.1 General . 91 8.3.2 Model test similitude 92 8.3.3 Model test content . 93 8.3.4 Model test application 93 BS EN 62256:20
44、17IEC 62256:2017 IEC 2017 3 6.2.1 General . 29 6.2.2 Benefit-cost analysis 30 6.2.3 Identification of anticipated benefits . 31 6.2.4 Identification of anticipated costs and benefits . 32 6.2.5 Sensitivity analysis 33 6.2.6 Conclusions . 34 6.3 Risk analysis. 34 6.3.1 General . 34 6.3.2 Non-achievem
45、ent of performance risk 34 6.3.3 Risk of continued operation without rehabilitation 35 6.3.4 Extension of outage risk 35 6.3.5 Financial risks . 35 6.3.6 Project scope risk 36 6.3.7 Other risks . 36 7 Assessment and determination of scope of the work 37 7.1 General . 37 7.2 Assessment of the site 37
46、 7.2.1 Hydrology 37 7.2.2 Actual energy production . 38 7.2.3 Environmental, social and regulatory issues 38 7.3 The assessment of the turbine 39 7.3.1 General . 39 7.3.2 Turbine integrity assessment . 39 7.3.3 Residual life. 52 7.3.4 Turbine performance assessment 61 7.4 The assessment of related e
47、quipment . 83 7.4.1 General . 83 7.4.2 Generator and thrust bearing . 84 7.4.3 Turbine governor . 84 7.4.4 Turbine inlet and outlet valves, pressure relief valve 85 7.4.5 Auxiliary equipment . 85 7.4.6 Equipment for erection, dismantling and maintenance . 86 7.4.7 Penstock and other water passages 8
48、6 7.4.8 Consequences of changes in plant specific hydraulic energy (head) 86 7.4.9 Grid integration 87 8 Hydraulic design and performance testing options . 87 8.1 General . 87 8.2 Computational hydraulic design 88 8.2.1 General . 88 8.2.2 The role of CFD . 88 8.2.3 The process of a CFD cycle . 89 8.
49、2.4 The accuracy of CFD results 89 8.2.5 How to use CFD for rehabilitation 90 8.2.6 CFD versus model tests . 91 8.3 Model tests . 91 8.3.1 General . 91 8.3.2 Model test similitude 92 8.3.3 Model test content . 93 8.3.4 Model test application 93 4 IEC 62256:2017 IEC 2017 8.3.5 Model test location 95 8.4 Prototype performance test . 96 8.4.1 General . 96 8.4.2 Prototype performance test accuracy . 97 8.4.3 Prototype performance test types 97 8.4.4 Evaluation of results 98 9 Specifications 99 9.1 General . 99 9.2 R
