1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 306:2013Plastics Thermoplasticmaterials Determination ofVicat softening temperature(VST)BS EN ISO 306:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 306:2013. Itsupersedes BS EN ISO 306:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK
2、participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsi
3、ble for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 73627 8ICS 83.080.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Pol
4、icy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 306 November 2013 ICS 83.080.20 Supersedes EN ISO 306:2004English Version Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - Determination of Vicat softening
5、 temperature (VST) (ISO 306:2013) Plastiques - Matires thermoplastiques - Dtermination de la temprature de ramollissement Vicat (VST) (ISO 306:2013) Kunststoffe - Thermoplaste - Bestimmung der Vicat-Erweichungstemperatur (VST) (ISO 306:2013) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 November 2
6、013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained
7、 on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CE
8、NELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, It
9、aly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Av
10、enue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 306:2013 EBS EN ISO 306:2013EN ISO 306:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 306:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61
11、“Plastics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2014, and conflicting nation
12、al standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN
13、 ISO 306:2004. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedon
14、ia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 306:2013 has been approved by CEN as
15、EN ISO 306:2013 without any modification. BS EN ISO 306:2013ISO 306:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 Apparatus . 26 Test frame assembly calibration 57 Test specimens 68 Condition
16、ing 69 Procedure. 610 Precision . 711 Test report . 7Annex A (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with liquid-filled heating bath and direct-contact heating unit 9Annex B (informative) Comparison of VST results obtained with liquid-filled heating bath and fluidized bed 11Annex C (informa
17、tive) Repeatability and precision 13Bibliography .16BS EN ISO 306:2013ISO 306:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out thro
18、ugh ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collabor
19、ates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval c
20、riteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. www.iso.org/directivesAttention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pa
21、tent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received. www.iso.org/patentsAny trade name used in t
22、his document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties.This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 306:2004), which has been
23、 technically revised. The main changes are the following additions: new apparatus, namely heating equipment consisting of a fluidized bed; precision data based on round robin testing performed in 2009; comparison data for tests with liquid-filled and fluidized bed.iv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS E
24、N ISO 306:2013ISO 306:2013(E)IntroductionThis revision introduces heating equipment, consisting of a fluidized bed, as a new apparatus; this is as an alternative to liquid-filled heating baths and direct-contact heating units. Fluidized beds can reach higher temperatures than traditional liquid-fill
25、ed heating baths; therefore, they represent a suitable way to measure the Vicat softening temperature (VST) of thermoplastic materials having improved thermo-mechanical properties.It was also felt necessary to add precision data based on round robin testing performed in 2009, and comparison data for
26、 tests with liquid-filled and fluidized bed. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 306:2013BS EN ISO 306:2013Plastics Thermoplastic materials Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST)1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies four methods for the determination of the Vicat softening tem
27、perature (VST) of thermoplastic materials: method A50 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h; method B50 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 50 K/h; method A120 using a force of 10 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h; method B120 using a force of 50 N and a heating rate of 120 K/h.Th
28、e methods specified are applicable only to thermoplastics, for which they give a measure of the temperature at which the thermoplastics start to soften rapidly.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable to its
29、 application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 293, Plastics Compression moulding of test specimens of
30、thermoplastic materialsISO 294-1, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 1: General principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimensISO 294-2, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 2: Small tensile barsISO
31、294-3, Plastics Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials Part 3: Small platesISO 472, Plastics VocabularyISO 2818, Plastics Preparation of test specimens by machiningISO 20753, Plastics Test specimens3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and defin
32、itions given in ISO 472 and the following apply.3.1penetrationdistance over which the indenting tip has to penetrate into the specimen under testNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm).INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 306:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 306:2013ISO 306:2013(E)
33、3.2loadforce applied to test specimen by means of the indenting tipNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in Newtons (N).3.3Vicat softening temperatureVSTtemperature at which a flat-ended needle penetrates the specimen to a depth of 1 mm under a specified load using a selected uniform rate of temperature
34、riseNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in degrees Celsius (C).4 PrincipleThe temperature at which a standard indenting tip with a flat point penetrates 1 mm into the surface of a plastic test specimen is determined. The indenting tip exerts a specified force perpendicular to the test specimen, while t
35、he specimen is heated at a specified and uniform rate.The temperature, in degrees Celsius, of the specimen, measured as close as possible to the indented area at 1 mm penetration, is quoted as the VST.5 Apparatus5.1 Heating equipment, consisting of one of the following (5.1.1, 5.1.2 or 5.1.3) that w
36、ill accept a minimum of two test frame assemblies and a cooling device (5.1.4).The heating equipment shall be provided with means of temperature control, enabling the temperature to be raised at a uniform rate of (50 5) K/h or (120 10) K/h.The heating rate shall be verified either by checking and re
37、cording automatically over the whole temperature range, or by manually checking and recording the temperature change at 6-min intervals over the temperature range being verified.The requirement for the heating rate shall be considered satisfied if, over every 6-min interval during the test, the temp
38、erature change is (5 0,5) C or (12 1) C, respectively. For multiposition heating equipment, the heating rate shall be verified at each test station. The apparatus may be designed to shut off the heat automatically and sound an alarm when the specified indentation has been reached.5.1.1 Liquid-filled
39、 heating bath, containing a liquid in which the test specimen can be immersed to a depth of at least 35 mm. Liquid paraffin, transformer oil, glycerol and silicone oil are suitable liquid heat-transfer media, but other liquids may be used. An efficient stirrer shall be provided. It shall be establis
40、hed that the liquid chosen is stable at the temperature used and does not affect the material under test, for example by swelling or cracking. Do not heat the liquid filled heating bath in excess of the flash point specified by the heat transfer media manufacturer.5.1.2 Direct-contact heating unit,
41、containing heaters and blocks, which through conductive heating, raise the temperature of the specimen at a controlled rate until the VST is reached.5.1.3 Fluidized bed, containing a powder bed (e.g. aluminium oxide powder), in which the test specimen can be immersed to a depth of at least 35 mm. Th
42、is type of apparatus uses a micrometric aluminium oxide powder, which when mixed with a suitable flow of heated air, creates a liquid-like heating medium. The maximum working temperatures (and measurable VSTs) are therefore much higher than those attainable 2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 30
43、6:2013ISO 306:2013(E)with liquids according to 5.1.1. An efficient stirring mechanism shall be provided, in order to achieve a temperature homogeneity in the specimen area analogous to the case of a liquid-filled heating bath.5.1.4 Cooling device, as an optional means to reduce the temperature of th
44、e heating device; it may be used to reduce the time between tests.5.2 Test frame assemblies (see Figures 1 and 2), consisting of the following.5.2.1 Rod and frame, provided with a support plate or other suitable load-application device, held in a rigid metal frame. The rod shall be able to move free
45、ly, with minimum friction, in a vertical direction. The rod shall be designed to accept weights that will apply the test load. The base of the frame supports the test specimen under the indenting tip at the end of the rod (see Figures 1 and 2). It is recommended that the rod and the frame(s) be cons
46、tructed of low thermal expansion material.5.2.2 Indenting tip, preferably of hardened steel, 1,5 mm to 3 mm long, of circular cross-section and of area (1,000 0,015) mm2(corresponding to an indenting-tip diameter of (1,128 0,008) mm), fixed at the bottom of the rod (5.2.1). The surface of the indent
47、ing tip in contact with the specimen shall be flat and perpendicular to the axis of the rod, and free from burrs.5.2.3 Weights, applied to the rod (5.2.1) centrally, so that the total load applied to the test specimen is (10 0,2) N for methods A50 and A120 and (50 1) N for methods B50 and B120.5.2.4
48、 Penetration-measuring device, calibrated micrometer dial gauge, LVDT (linear variable differential transformer) or other suitable measuring instrument to measure the penetration of the indenting tip into the test specimen to an accuracy of 0,01 mm.5.2.5 Temperature-measuring device.5.2.5.1 For a li
49、quid-filled bath and a fluidized bed, use a suitable temperature-measuring instrument of appropriate range and accurate to within 0,5 K. Thermometers shall be calibrated at the depth of immersion required by 5.1.1 and 5.1.3. The temperature-measuring device shall be positioned as close as possible to both the indenting tip and the specimen, but avoiding direct contact between the sensor and specimen.5.2.5.2 For a direct-contact heating unit, use a suitable temperature-measuring instrument of appropriat
