1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 75-1:2013Plastics Determination oftemperature of deflectionunder loadPart 1: General test method (ISO75-1:2013)BS EN ISO 75-1:2013 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis
2、 British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 75-1:2013.It supersedes BS EN ISO 75-1:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request
3、to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 73703 9ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standa
4、rd cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 75-1 April 2013 ICS 83.
5、080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 75-1:2004English Version Plastics - Determination of temperature of deflection under load - Part 1: General test method (ISO 75-1:2013) Plastiques - Dtermination de la temprature de flchissement sous charge - Partie 1: Mthode dessai gnrale (ISO 75-1:2013) Kunststoffe - Besti
6、mmung der Wrmeformbestndigkeitstemperatur - Teil 1: Allgemeines Prfverfahren (ISO 75-1:2013) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 March 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the sta
7、tus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, G
8、erman). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croa
9、tia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and U
10、nited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 75-1:
11、2013: EBS EN ISO 75-1:2013EN ISO 75-1:2013 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 75-1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the
12、status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
13、 subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 75-1:2004. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implem
14、ent this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
15、Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 75-1:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 75-1:2013 without any modification. BS EN ISO 75-1:2013ISO 75-1:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction
16、v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 25 Apparatus . 35.1 Means of producing a flexural stress . 35.2 Heating equipment 35.3 Weights 55.4 Temperature-measuring instrument . 55.5 Deflection-measuring instrument 55.6 Micrometers and gauges . 56 Test specimens 66.1
17、General . 66.2 Shape and dimensions 66.3 Specimen inspection 66.4 Number of test specimens . 67 Conditioning 68 Procedure. 78.1 Calculation of force to be applied 78.2 Initial temperature of the heating equipment . 88.3 Measurement 89 Expression of results 910 Precision . 911 Test report . 9BS EN IS
18、O 75-1:2013ISO 75-1:2013(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested
19、in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commi
20、ssion (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical
21、committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall n
22、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 75-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 2, Mechanical properties.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 75-1:2004), which has been technically revised.ISO 75 consis
23、ts of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load: Part 1: General test method Part 2: Plastics and ebonite Part 3: High-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plasticsiv ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 75-1:20
24、13ISO 75-1:2013(E)IntroductionThe first editions of this part of ISO 75 and ISO 75-2 described three methods (A, B and C) using different test loads and two specimen positions, edgewise and flatwise. For testing in the flatwise position, test specimens with dimensions 80 mm 10 mm 4 mm were required.
25、 These can be moulded directly or machined from the central section of the multipurpose test specimen (see ISO 20753).The previous (i.e. second) editions of this part of ISO 75 and ISO 75-2 specified the flatwise test position as preferred, while still allowing testing in the edgewise position with
26、the test conditions given in Annex A until the next revision of this part of ISO 75 and ISO 75-2, as agreed in ISO/TC 61/SC 2/WG 5. Therefore, with this revision, the edgewise test position will be removed.At the time of publication, technical development of testing instruments made instruments base
27、d on a fluidized bed or air ovens available. These are especially advantageous for use at temperatures at which the common silicone oil-based heat transfer fluids reach their limit of thermal stability. The fluidized bed and air oven methods of heat transfer are introduced in this part of ISO 75.An
28、additional precision statement covering the new heating methods is introduced in ISO 75-2. ISO 2013 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 75-1:2013BS EN ISO 75-1:2013Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 1: General test method1 ScopeThis part of ISO 75 gives a general test met
29、hod for the determination of the temperature of deflection under load (flexural stress under three-point loading) of plastics. Different types of test specimen and different constant loads are defined to suit different types of material.ISO 75-2 gives specific requirements for plastics (including fi
30、lled plastics and fibre-reinforced plastics in which the fibre length, prior to processing, is up to 7,5 mm) and ebonite, while ISO 75-3 gives specific requirements for high-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fibre-reinforced plastics in which the fibre length is greater than 7,5 mm.The metho
31、ds specified are suitable for assessing the relative behaviour of different types of material at elevated temperature under load at a specified rate of temperature increase. The results obtained do not necessarily represent maximum applicable temperatures because in practice essential factors, such
32、as time, loading conditions and nominal surface stress, can differ from the test conditions. True comparability of data can only be achieved for materials having the same room-temperature flexural modulus.The methods specify preferred dimensions for the test specimens.Data obtained using the test me
33、thods described are not intended to be used to predict actual end-use performance. The data are not intended for design analysis or prediction of the endurance of materials at elevated temperatures.This method is commonly known as the HDT test (heat deflection test or heat distortion test), although
34、 there is no official document using this designation.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest ed
35、ition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 75-2, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 2: Plastics and eboniteISO 75-3, Plastics Determination of temperature of deflection under load Part 3: High-strength thermosetting laminates and long-fib
36、re-reinforced plasticsISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 20753, Plastics Test specimens3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 75-1:2013(E) ISO 2013 All rights reserved 1BS EN I
37、SO 75-1:2013ISO 75-1:2013(E)3.1flexural strainfnominal fractional change in length of an element of the outer surface of the test specimen at midspanNote 1 to entry: It is expressed as a dimensionless ratio or a percentage (%).3.2flexural strain increasefspecified increase in flexural strain that ta
38、kes place during heatingNote 1 to entry: It is expressed as a percentage (%).Note 2 to entry: This quantity is introduced to highlight the fact that the initial deflection caused by application of the test load is not measured and that therefore the criterion for the end of the test does not constit
39、ute an absolute strain value. Only the deflection increase is monitored (see 3.4). This new quantity does not change the test or evaluation procedure compared to previous editions of this part of ISO 75, but serves only to clarify what is really measured.3.3deflectionsdistance over which the top or
40、bottom surface of the test specimen at midspan deviates during flexure from its original positionNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm).3.4standard deflectionsincrease in deflection corresponding to the flexural strain increase, f, at the surface of the test specimen, and which is spec
41、ified in ISO 75-2 or ISO 75-3Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm) see 8.3, Formula (4).3.5flexural stressfnominal stress at the outer surface of the test specimen at midspanNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in megapascals (MPa).3.6loadFforce, applied to the test specimen at midspan, w
42、hich results in a defined flexural stressNote 1 to entry: It is expressed in newtons (N) see 8.1, Formulae (1) to (3).3.7temperature of deflection under loadTftemperature at which the deflection of the test specimen reaches the standard deflection as the temperature is increasedNote 1 to entry: It i
43、s expressed in degrees Celsius (C).4 PrincipleA standard test specimen is subjected to three-point bending under a constant load in the flatwise position to produce one of the flexural stresses given in the relevant part of ISO 75 (all parts). The temperature 2 ISO 2013 All rights reservedBS EN ISO
44、75-1:2013ISO 75-1:2013(E)is raised at a uniform rate, and the temperature at which the standard deflection, corresponding to the specified increase in flexural strain, occurs is measured.5 Apparatus5.1 Means of producing a flexural stressThe apparatus shall be constructed essentially as shown in Fig
45、ure 1. It consists of a rigid metal frame in which a rod can move freely in the vertical direction. The rod is fitted with a weight-carrying plate and a loading edge. The base of the frame is fitted with test-specimen supports; these and the vertical members of the frame are made of a material havin
46、g the same coefficient of linear expansion as the rod.The test-specimen supports consist of metal pieces that are cylindrical in the contact area and with their lines of contact with the specimen in a horizontal plane. The size of the span, i.e. of the distance between the contact lines, is given in
47、 ISO 75-2 or ISO 75-3. The supports are fitted to the base of the frame in such a way that the vertical force applied to the test specimen by the loading edge is midway (1 mm) between them. The contact edges of the supports are parallel to the loading edge and at right angles to the length direction
48、 of the test specimen placed symmetrically across them. The contact edges of the supports and loading edge have a radius of (3,0 0,2) mm and shall be longer than the width of the test specimen.Unless vertical parts of the apparatus have the same coefficient of linear thermal expansion, the differenc
49、e in change of length of these parts introduces an error in the reading of the apparent deflection of the test specimen. A blank test shall be made on each apparatus using a test specimen made of rigid material having a low coefficient of expansion and a thickness comparable to that of the specimen under test. The blank test shall cover the temperature ranges to be used in the actual determination, and a correction term shall be determined for each temperature. If the correction term is 0,01 mm or greater, its valu
