1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 16148:2016Gas cylinders Refillableseamless steel gas cylindersand tubes Acoustic emissionexamination (AT) and follow-up ultrasonic examination (UT)for periodic inspection andtesting (ISO 16148:2016)BS EN ISO 16148:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British
2、Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO16148:2016. It supersedes BS EN ISO 16148:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PVE/3/7, Gas containers - Gas cylinder (receptacle)operations.A list of organizations represented on this committee
3、 can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 75620 7ICS 23.020.30Compl
4、iance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN IS
5、O 16148 April 2016 ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN ISO 16148:2006English Version Gas cylinders - Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders and tubes - Acoustic emission examination (AT) and follow-up ultrasonic examination (UT) for periodic inspection and testing (ISO 16148:2016) Bouteilles gaz - Bouteill
6、es gaz rechargeables en acier sans soudure et tubes - Essais dmission acoustique et examen ultrasonique complmentaire pour linspection priodique et lessai (ISO 16148:2016) Gasflaschen - Wiederbefllbare nahtlose Gasflaschen und Groflaschen aus Stahl - Schallemissionsprfung und nachfolgende Ultraschal
7、lprfung fr die wiederkehrende Inspektion und Prfung (ISO 16148:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 November 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national sta
8、ndard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in
9、any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Re
10、public, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPE
11、AN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16148:2016 EBS
12、 EN ISO 16148:2016EN ISO 16148:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 16148:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 58 “Gas cylinders” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 23 “Transportable gas cylinders” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European St
13、andard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements o
14、f this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 16148:2006. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Fr
15、ee Trade Association. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of
16、Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16148:2016 has been approved b
17、y CEN as EN ISO 16148:2016 without any modification. BS EN ISO 16148:2016ISO 16148:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Operational principles . 35 Personnel qualification . 36 Special considerations to ensure valid tests 46.1 General . 46.2
18、 Acoustic emission examination methods . 46.3 Pressurization 46.4 Safety precautions 57 Acoustic emission examination equipment . 58 Acoustic emission examination calibration and equipment verification . 78.1 Calibration 78.2 Equipment verification 79 Overall procedure 710 Real-time evaluation crite
19、ria. 811 AT test report . 912 Follow-up ultrasonic examination 10Annex A (normative) Ultrasonic examination (UT) follow-up to acoustic emission examination (AT) 11Annex B (normative) AT equipment specifications .17Annex C (normative) Example instrument settings, examination methods and rejection cri
20、teria for MAE.19Annex D (informative) Alternative method for source location .22Annex E (informative) Distance amplitude correction procedures 24Bibliography .27 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 16148:2016ISO 16148:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standard
21、ization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to
22、be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used
23、to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of
24、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified d
25、uring the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the m
26、eaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 5
27、8, Gas cylinders, Subcommittee SC 4, Operational requirements for gas cylinders.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 16148:2006), which has been technically revised. The changes includea) expansion of the scope to include tubes of water capacity up to 3 000 l used for comp
28、ressed and liquefied gases, andb) addition of procedures for ultrasonic examination (UT) follow-up during periodic inspection, as described in the new Annex A.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 16148:2016ISO 16148:2016(E)IntroductionIn recent years, new non-destructive examination (NDE) techni
29、ques have been successfully introduced as an alternative to the conventional testing procedures of gas cylinders, tubes and other cylinders at the time of periodic inspection and testing.One of the alternative NDE methods for certain applications is acoustic emission examination (AT), which has prov
30、ed to be an acceptable test method applied during periodic inspection and testing in some countries.The test method requires pressurization to a level greater than the normal filling pressure.The pressurization medium can be either gas or liquid.Acoustic emission (AE) measurements are used to detect
31、 and locate emission sources. Other NDE methods are needed to evaluate the significance of AE detected sources. One of the alternative NDE methods used as a follow-up to AT is ultrasonic examination (UT), which has proved to be an acceptable testing method applied during periodic inspection and test
32、ing. The purpose of this International Standard is to provide a procedure for locating, detecting and evaluating the relevance of AE indications such as those from longitudinally oriented crack-like discontinuities. The shear wave (angle beam) UT method is intended to be used immediately following A
33、T to evaluate the significance of AE indications.This International Standard describes two methods of AT, defined as Method A and Method B, and a method of follow-up UT.With the agreement of the testing and certifying body approved by the competent authority of the country of approval, the hydraulic
34、 pressure test of cylinders and tubes can be replaced by an equivalent AT/UT Method A or B.This International Standard is intended to be used under a variety of national regulatory regimes, but has been written so that it is suitable for the application of Reference.1Attention is drawn to requiremen
35、ts in the specified relevant national regulations of the country (countries) where the cylinders are intended to be used that might override the requirements given in this International Standard. Where there is any conflict between this International Standard and any applicable regulation, the regul
36、ation always takes precedence. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 16148:2016BS EN ISO 16148:2016Gas cylinders Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders and tubes Acoustic emission examination (AT) and follow-up ultrasonic examination (UT) for periodic inspection and testing1 ScopeThis Internation
37、al Standard gives procedures for the use of acoustic emission examination (AT) and ultrasonic examination (UT) follow-up during the periodic inspection and testing of seamless steel cylinders and tubes with a water capacity of up to 3 000 l used for compressed and liquefied gases. This examination p
38、rovides acoustic emission (AE) indications and locations that are evaluated by a secondary examination using UT for a possible flaw in the cylinder or tube. Methods other than UT for the secondary examination are not covered by this International Standard.This International Standard does not cover c
39、omposite cylinders.CAUTION Some of the tests specified in this International Standard involve the use of processes which could lead to a hazardous situation.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for is ap
40、plication. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 5577, Non-destructive testing Ultrasonic inspection VocabularyISO 6406, Gas cylinders Seamless steel gas cylinders Periodic in
41、spection and testingISO 9712, Non-destructive testing Qualification and certification of NDT personnelISO 12716, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission inspection VocabularyISO/IEC 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratoriesEN 13477-1, Non-destructive te
42、sting Acoustic emission Equipment characterisation Part 1: Equipment descriptionEN 13477-2, Non-destructive testing Acoustic emission Equipment characterisation Part 2: Verification of operating characteristicASTM E1419, Standard Practice for Examination of Seamless, Gas-Filled, Pressure Vessels usi
43、ng Acoustic EmissionASNT SNT-TC-1A, Recommended Practice for Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 5577, ISO 12716 and the following apply.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16148:20
44、16(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 16148:2016ISO 16148:2016(E)3.1critical flawimperfection or damage that is large enough to exhibit unstable crack growth under certain service conditions3.2working pressuresettled pressure of a compressed gas at a uniform reference temperature of 15 C in
45、a full gas cylinderNote 1 to entry: In North America service pressure is often used to indicate a similar condition, usually at 21,1 C (70 F).Note 2 to entry: In East Asia, service pressure is often used to indicate a similar condition, usually at 35 C.SOURCE: ISO 10286:2015, definition 7363.3normal
46、 filling pressurelevel to which a cylinder or tube is pressurized during fillingNote 1 to entry: This is usually greater than the marked working pressure due to the heat of compression.3.4acoustic emission test pressureAT pressuremaximum pressure at which acoustic emission testing is performed3.5aco
47、ustic emission pressure test rangerange of pressure during which acoustic emission is monitored3.6Method Aacoustic emission testing performed using pneumatic pressurization to at least 110 % of the normal filling pressureNote 1 to entry: Normally performed on an assembly of cylinders (e.g. bundle) o
48、r tubes (e.g. tube trailer).3.7Method Bacoustic emission testing performed during the hydrostatic proof pressurization to the re-test pressure on each cylinder or tube3.8secondary AE sourcesemissions not generated by actual crack propagation and plastic deformationNote 1 to entry: Contact between th
49、e surfaces of a discontinuity as the cylinder expands, fracture or rubbing of mill scale within a discontinuity as the cylinder expands are examples of secondary AE sources.3.9calibration ringsection cut from similar cylinder material used for the calibration of the follow-up UT3.10distance amplitude correction curveDAC curvecurve generated during the standardization process that accounts for the loss of amplitude of the returning signal as a result of signal travel distance2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS
