1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 22282-3:2012Geotechnical investigation and testing Geohydraulic testingPart 3: Water pressure tests in rockBS EN ISO 22282-3:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis
2、British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 22282-3:2012. Together with parts 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 of BS EN ISO 22282, it partially supersedes BS 5930:1999+A2:2010,which is currently being revised in order to remove conflictingmaterial. In the meantime, where conflict arises between thesedocume
3、nts, the provisions of BS EN ISO 22282-3:2012 take precedence.The test given in this standard is included in BS 5930:1999+A2:2010(Clauses 25.4 and 25.5), and conflicting parts are now withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted byTechnical Committee B/526, Geotechnics, to Subcomm
4、ittee B/526/3,Site investigation and ground testing.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The Briti
5、sh Standards Institution 2012.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 76152 2ICS 91.010.30; 93.020Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31
6、 October 2012.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22282-3 June 2012 ICS 93.020 English Version Geotechnical investigation and testing - Geohydraulic testing - Part 3: Water pressure tests in rock (ISO 22282-3:2012)
7、 Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques - Essais gohydrauliques - Partie 3: Essais de pression deau dans des roches (ISO 22282-3:2012) Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung - Geohydraulische Versuche - Teil 3: Wasserdruckversuch in Fels (ISO 22282-3:2012) This European Standard was approved by CEN
8、 on 31 May 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may
9、 be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified t
10、o the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Lux
11、embourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CE
12、N All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22282-3:2012: EBS EN ISO 22282-3:2012 EN ISO 22282-3:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 22282-3:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geotechnical Invest
13、igation and Testing“, the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 “Geotechnics“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2012, a
14、nd conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. A
15、ccording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
16、 Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN ISO 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federa
17、tion of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committ
18、ee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance
19、with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires appr
20、oval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 22282-3 was prepared by the European Com
21、mittee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 341, Geotechnical investigation and testing, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182, Geotechnics, Subcommittee SC 1, Geotechnical investigation and testing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO
22、 and CEN (Vienna Agreement).ISO 22282 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geotechnical investigation and testing Geohydraulic testing: Part 1: General rules Part 2: Water permeability tests in a borehole using open systems Part 3: Water pressure tests in rock Part 4: Pumping tes
23、ts Part 5: Infiltrometer tests Part 6: Water permeability tests in a borehole using closed systems ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiBS EN ISO 22282-3:2012BS EN ISO 22282-3:2012 BS EN ISO 22282-3:2012Geotechnical investigation and testing Geohydraulic testing Part 3: Water pressure tests in rock1 Scop
24、eThis part of ISO 22282 specifies the requirements for water pressures tests (WPT) carried out in boreholes drilled into rock as part of geotechnical investigation and testing according to EN 1997-1 and EN 1997-2.The tests are used to investigate the following: hydraulic properties of the rock mass,
25、 which are mainly governed by discontinuities; absorption capacity of the rock mass; tightness of the rock mass; effectiveness of grouting; geomechanical behaviour, e.g. hydrofracturing, hydrojacking.Many effects of the geohydraulic tests are not only influenced by the ground itself, but stem from t
26、he testing procedure. Historically, the water pressure test was evaluated based on the assumption that the stationary behaviour was achieved. Recent advances in geohydraulics have shown that transient phenomena are often present. This part of ISO 22282 attempts to address the limitations of certain
27、testing procedures without restricting the required equipment too stringently.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the refer
28、enced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 14689-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Identification and classification of rock Part 1: Identification and descriptionISO 22282-1, Geotechnical investigation and testing Geohydraulic testing Part 1: General rulesISO 22475-1, Geotechnica
29、l investigation and testing Sampling methods and groundwater measurements Part 1: Technical principles of execution3 Terms, definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 22282-1 and the following apply.3.1.1water flow rateQq
30、uantity of water that flows through the test equipment under certain test conditions per time unitINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22282-3:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E)3.1.2water takewwater flow Q related to the effective test pressure pT3.1.3single pressu
31、re step testtest with only one pressure stepNOTE This test is normally used to check the tightness of the rock or the tightening measures.3.1.4multiple pressure step testtest with more than one pressure stepNOTE This test is normally used to investigate the water take and the behaviour of the discon
32、tinuities, e.g hydrojacking, hydrofracturing, erosion and clogging.3.1.5steady state conditiontest phase during which both pressure and flow rate are constant3.1.6Lugeonunit of permeabilityNOTE 1 lugeon unit equals 1 litre of water taken per metre of test length, per minute, at 10 bars pressure.3.1.
33、7hydrofracturingformation of new discontinuities by injection3.1.8hydrojackingdilation of discontinuities by injection3.1.9flow meterdevice used to measure the volume of water usage3.2 SymbolsFor the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 apply.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN IS
34、O 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E)3.1.2water takewwater flow Q related to the effective test pressure pT3.1.3single pressure step testtest with only one pressure stepNOTE This test is normally used to check the tightness of the rock or the tightening measures.3.1.4multiple pressure step testtest with
35、 more than one pressure stepNOTE This test is normally used to investigate the water take and the behaviour of the discontinuities, e.g hydrojacking, hydrofracturing, erosion and clogging.3.1.5steady state conditiontest phase during which both pressure and flow rate are constant3.1.6Lugeonunit of pe
36、rmeabilityNOTE 1 lugeon unit equals 1 litre of water taken per metre of test length, per minute, at 10 bars pressure.3.1.7hydrofracturingformation of new discontinuities by injection3.1.8hydrojackingdilation of discontinuities by injection3.1.9flow meterdevice used to measure the volume of water usa
37、ge3.2 SymbolsFor the purposes of this document, the symbols given in Table 1 apply.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E)Table 1 SymbolsSymbol Designation UnitD diameter of the test section md diameter of the pipe mg gravity m/s2h hydraulic head mK absolute permeabil
38、ity m2k permeability coefficient m/sL length mLplength of the packer mm slope N number of discontinuities p pressure MPapApressure above packer MPapBpressure below packer MPapMpressure at the top of the borehole MPapRpressure loss MPapTeffective test pressure MPapppressure at the top of the hole (pM
39、) MPap0press-in pressure MPap pressure loss between the pump and the test section MPaQ flow rate m3/sR calculated radius of investigation mr0radius of the borehole mS storage coefficient T transmissivity m2/st time Wmmean width of joints mw water take m3/sa shape coefficient of the test section g de
40、nsity kg/m3h dynamic viscosity of the fluid N s/m2r water density kg/m34 Equipment4.1 GeneralAccording to Figure 1 water shall be pumped into a test section of a borehole closed by one or more packers to determine the relationship between pressure and water take.Depending on the type of testing, a s
41、ingle packer or double packer assembly is used (see Figure 1).The water pressure test can be carried out in a borehole of any orientation and diameter. The test section may be located either below or above the groundwater level.The basic equipment consists of the following parts (see also the exampl
42、e in Figure 1): pump, including water supply; ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E) pipes; single or double packer; shut-off valve in the pipe above the test section; pressure measuring device; measurements in test section with pressure transducer; control measureme
43、nts at the surface with manometer; flow meter; data recording system.4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E) pipes; single or double packer; shut-off valve in the pipe above the test section; pressure measuring device; measurements in test section with pressure transd
44、ucer; control measurements at the surface with manometer; flow meter; data recording system.4 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E)a) With single packer b) With double packerKey1 reservoir2 pump3 flow meter4 single packer, inflatable5 double packer, inflatable6 compre
45、ssed gas bottle7 controller to regulate pressure inflating packers8 manometer9 data recording unit10 shut-in valveL length of test sectionLp length of packerpT effective test pressurepA pressure in borehole above packer (optional)pB pressure below double packer in borehole (optional)Figure 1 Example
46、 of equipment and set-up of water pressure test using single packer and double packerThe function of manometers and flow meters used shall be verified before each test. In cases of manual recording, two manometers and two flow meters of different ranges shall be installed. In cases of automatic reco
47、rding, a visual control shall be available.All devices shall be calibrated in accordance with ISO 22282-1. The pressure loss of the system shall be assessed. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5BS EN ISO 22282-3:2012ISO 22282-3:2012(E)4.2 Pump and supplyA pressure controlled pump shall be suitable to prod
48、uce the pressure required by the local conditions.NOTE A controlled pump typically has an output capacity of up to 150 l/min. A pump of 1,5 MPa is usually suitable.In order to provide an oscillation-free water flow and pressure, a pump with an oscillation pressure of maximum 3 % or a pressure damper
49、 that is constant within 3 % shall be used.The water shall be pumped through a flexible pressure hose or a pipe system to the test section.4.3 Flow meterThe measuring range of the flow meters used shall be adapted to the quantity of water (water flow) Q expected to be absorbed. It may be necessary to install two flow meters covering different measuring ranges: if Qmaxreaches the order of 100 l/min, a flow of 2 l/min shall be identifiable; if Qmaxreaches the order of 10 l/min
