1、 ETSI TR 102 157 V1.1.1 (2003-07)Technical Report Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; IP Interworking over satellite; Performance, Availability and Quality of Service ETSI ETSI TR 102 157 V1.1.1 (2003-07) 2 Reference DTR/SES-00083 Keywords internet, broadband,
2、 satellite, QoS, performance, interworking, IP, multimedia, security, availability ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Gra
3、sse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the
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6、ritten permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo
7、 are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 102 157 V1.1.1 (2003-07) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights7 Introduction 7 1 Scope
8、8 2 References 9 3 Definitions and abbreviations.11 3.1 Definitions11 3.2 Abbreviations .14 4 Overview 17 5 Introduction 18 5.1 IP over BSM.18 5.2 Quality of Service.18 5.3 BSM use cases19 6 BSM architectures impacts on Quality of Service Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
9、 respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as t
10、o the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Introduction The present document establishes a framework for specifying quality of service (QoS) requirements for Broadband
11、 Satellite (BSM) Networks based on the Internet Protocol (IP) suite of protocols and standards developed in ETSI and other bodies. It investigates how Internet standards that relate to quality can be adapted, translated or made transparent to satellite transmission protocols and equipment. It identi
12、fies new specifications to improve the efficiency of BSM systems in transporting Internet traffic with QoS. The original set of Internet protocols did not have to deal with variable link layer conditions, high asymmetry and higher delay that are characteristics of satellite networks. This needs to b
13、e taken into account when designing BSM to be integrally part of the public Internet. In addition, since quality without ways to measure performance is irrelevant, the present document also investigates and proposes performance control and measurement mechanisms. Those will enable satellite and Inte
14、rnet service provider to establish how well the BSM network behaves with IP traffic. The recommended ETSI specifications will ensure end-to-end QoS and in turn wide acceptance of BSM in the Internet community. ETSI ETSI TR 102 157 V1.1.1 (2003-07) 8 1 Scope The objectives of BSM IP QoS standardizati
15、on are: to define what QoS is in the context of the BSM and how to measure it; to identify what QoS models are applicable to BSMs; to identify standardized performance metrics that can guarantee the performance of IP over the BSM; and to provide BSM services at the right level of QoS thus enabling a
16、 better utilization of BSM resources, in particular the scarce resources of the radio spectrum. Hence, the scope of the present document is on the provisioning of Internet QoS over BSM networks. It will investigate how standardized QoS parameters and management mechanisms apply to BSMs and how to en
17、sure that their required performance is met. In addition, the scope of the present document encompasses: the identification of specific BSM architectures and the and how they provide quality of service; the definition of Internet service availability in the context of BSM and the establishment of en
18、d-to-end performance metrics; the identification and application of other ETSI technical specifications outside the BSM such as TIPHON and 3GPP; the identification of relevant standardization work in other standards bodies working groups such as the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) working gro
19、ups on Integrated Services (Intserv), Differentiated Service (Diffserv), Internet Protocol Performance Metrics (IPPM) and Performance Implications of Link Characteristics (PILC), the International Telecommunications Union Study Groups (ITU SG) 2, 4, 12, 13 and 16, the Institute of Electrical and Ele
20、ctronic Engineers (IEEE) and finally, the Digital Video Broadcasting Internet Protocol Infrastructure Group (DVB IPI); the identification of satellite specific technical requirements for BSM quality of service, including service architecture, the use of standardized Internet protocols and extensions
21、 to satellite networking when and if needed; and the identification of satellite specific technical requirements for BSM performance and availability at the network layer. The present document follows inputs from the following earlier reports in the BSM WG: TR 101 984 11, “Broadband Satellite Multim
22、edia: Services and Architectures“; TR 101 985 12, “Broadband Satellite Multimedia: IP over Satellite“; TR 102 155 13, “Broadband Satellite Multimedia: Addressing and routing“; and TR 102 156 14, “Broadband Satellite Multimedia: Multicasting“. ETSI ETSI TR 102 157 V1.1.1 (2003-07) 9 2 References For
23、the purposes of this Technical Report (TR) the following references apply: 1 ETSI TS 101 350: “Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); General Packet Radio Service (GPRS); Overall description of the GPRS radio interface; Stage 2 (3GPP 03.64 version 8.9.0 Release 1999)“. 2 ETSI TS 123
24、107: “Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture (3GPP TS 23.107 version 5.7.0 Release 5)“. 3 Apostopoulos, G. et al.: “Quality of Service-based routing: A Performance Perspective“, Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOM, 1998, pp. 17-28. 4 ATM Forum:
25、 “User Network Interface (UNI) Signalling v.4.1“, Document af-sig-0061.002, April 2002. 5 ATM Forum 98/0828: “A Progress Report on the Standards Development for Satellite ATM Networks“ November 1998. 6 ETSI EN 300 726: “Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Enhanced Full Rate
26、(EFR) speech transcoding (GSM 06.60 version 7.0.2 Release 1998)“. 7 ETSI EN 300 961: “Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Full rate speech; Transcoding (GSM 06.10 version 7.0.2 Release 1998)“. 8 ETSI EN 301 790: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for sate
27、llite distribution systems“. 9 ETSI EG 202 009-1: “User Group; Quality of Telecom Services; Part 1: Methodology for identification of parameters relevant to the Users“. 10 ETSI STF 214 Terms of References (ToR), November 2001. 11 ETSI TR 101 984: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadban
28、d Satellite Multimedia; Services and Architectures“. 12 ETSI TR 101 985: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; IP over Satellite“. 13 ETSI TR 102 155: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; IP interworking over satellite; A
29、ddressing and routing“. 14 ETSI TR 102 156: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; IP interworking over satellite; Multicasting“. 15 ETSI TS 101 329-2: “Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 3; End-to-end Quality o
30、f Service in TIPHON systems; Part 2: Definition of speech Quality of Service (QoS) classes“. 16 ETSI TS 101 329-3: “Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 3; End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON systems; Part 3: Signalling and control of end-to-end Q
31、uality of Service (QoS)“. 17 ETSI TS 101 329-5: “Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 3; End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON systems; Part 5: Quality of Service (QoS) measurement methodologies“. 18 Ferguson, P. Vocabulary for the Universal Mobile
32、Telecommunications System (UMTS) (UMTS 01.02)“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: availability (measure): percentage of the time the network performs at nominal capacity NOTE: It is also defined as the
33、 probability that the network will provide a satisfactory service on demand. availability (performance): ability of an item to be in a state to perform a required function at a given instant of time or at any instant of time within a given time interval, assuming that the external resources, if requ
34、ired, are provided ETSI ETSI TR 102 157 V1.1.1 (2003-07) 12bearer service: service that provides the transmission capability between access points Best Effort (BE) service: service which offers no QoS guarantees, just end-to-end connectivity NOTE: When using queuing to prevent congestion BE queues a
35、re always the first ones to experience packet drop. Bit Error Ratio (BER): number of bits in error as measured at the BSM to host interface measured over a specified amount of time bit rate: information rate at the level of the application BSM bit rate: information rate before FEC but after segmenta
36、tion and encapsulation Class Of Service (COS): The COS defines a way to divide traffic into separate categories (classes) to provide Diffserv to each class within the network. connection oriented: communication method in which communication proceeds through three well-defined phases: connection esta
37、blishment, data transfer, and connection release connectionless: communication method that allows the transfer of information between users without the need for connection establishment procedures control plane: The control plane has a layered structure and performs the call control and connection c
38、ontrol functions; it deals with the signalling necessary to set up, supervise and release calls and connections. data link layer: second layer of the OSI model it provides connectivity between segments of the network (bridging); in addition the data link may perform session control and some configur
39、ation Data Transfer Unit (DTU): fixed size entity after segmentation and encapsulation but before FEC i.e. ATM cell, MPEG packet, other fixed length unit delay: The delay measures the latency between the time a packet crosses the ingress of the network (enter the SI part of the transmitting ST) to t
40、he time it crosses the egress of the network (leaves the SI part of the receiving ST). delay variation: The delay variation measures the differences in delay between successive packet arrivals (of the same flow) at the egress of the network. Delay variation can be reduced by means of buffering, alth
41、ough at the expense of adding additional delay. Differentiated services (Diffserv): Those are based on statistical (aggregate flows) guarantees and results in “soft“ QoS. Using packet markings (code points) and queuing policies it results in some traffic to be better treated or given priority over o
42、ther (use more bandwidth, experience less loss etc.). fairness: Fairness implies that all data flows requiring service will get that service based on their specific requirements. flow: A flow can be defined in a number of ways. One common way refers to a combination of source and destination address
43、es, source and destination socket numbers, and the session identifier. It can also be defined more broadly as any packet from a certain application or from an incoming interface. Grade Of Service (GOS): in telephony, the quality of service for which a circuit is designed or conditioned to provide, e
44、.g. voice grade or program grade guaranteed services: using RVSP and integrated services this results in deterministic reservation of network resources for specific traffic goodput: the actual information rate delivered to the application Internet: the public datagram global network supporting the i
45、nternet protocol (IP) internet: any network that supports IP management plane: plane that provides two types of functions, namely layer management and plane management functions: - Plane management functions: performs management functions related to a system as a whole and provides co-ordination bet
46、ween all the planes NOTE: Plane management has no layered structure. ETSI ETSI TR 102 157 V1.1.1 (2003-07) 13- Layer Management functions: performs management functions (e.g. meta-signalling) relating to resources and parameters residing in its protocol entities NOTE: Layer Management handles the Op
47、eration And Maintenance (OAM) of information flows specific to the layer concerned. multicast: communication capability which denotes unidirectional distribution from a single source to a number of destinations network operator: The network operator is responsible for managing the network services p
48、rovided over the satellite resources. These resources may be unique or represent a sub-network in the operators overall network. offered load: the traffic presented to the ingress of the network packet: IP packet of variable size packet loss: the number of IP packets lost to queuing or transmission
49、Quality of Service (QoS): the ability to segment traffic or differentiate between traffic types in order for the network to treat certain traffic differently from others. QoS encompasses both the service categorization and the overall performance of the network for each category. It also refers to the capability of a network to provide better service to selected network traffic over various technologies and IP-routed networks that may use any or all of the underlying technologies. QoS is defined as the coll
