1、 ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03)Technical Report Emergency Communications (EMTEL);Requirements for communications from authorities/organisations to the citizens during emergenciesETSI ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03) 2 Reference DTR/EMTEL-00002 Keywords emergency ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921
2、 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.o
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6、ng restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2006. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by E
7、TSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights5 Foreword.5 Introduction 5 1 Scope 6 2 References 6 3 Definitions and ab
8、breviations.7 3.1 Definitions7 3.2 Abbreviations .8 4 Nature of communications from authorities to citizens9 5 Objectives and guidelines for an emergency notification service 10 5.1 Service objectives.10 5.2 Service features 10 5.2.1 Capacity11 5.2.2 Delivery 11 5.2.3 Auditing 11 5.2.4 Access.11 5.2
9、.5 Security.11 5.2.6 Performance12 5.2.7 Coverage.12 5.2.8 Multiple languages12 6 Methods of communicating from authority to citizen12 6.1 Use of the media (Broadcast Television and Radio) 12 6.1.1 RDS (Radio Data System for VHF/FM Broadcasting).12 6.1.2 “Voice Break-In“ facilities within radio rebr
10、oadcast systems.12 6.1.3 Digital Audio Broadcast (DAB) .13 6.1.4 Digital television.13 6.2 Siren systems13 6.3 Emergency Telephone Alert System (ETAS).13 6.4 Use of mobile devices 14 6.4.1 Paging systems14 6.4.2 Cell Broadcast Service14 6.4.3 SMS bulk messaging 15 6.4.4 Video broadcast technologies
11、to mobile phones.15 6.4.5 MBMS 15 6.4.6 MMS.15 6.4.7 USSD 15 6.4.8 IP Multimedia Subsystem.16 6.5 Amateur radio.16 6.6 Web notification.16 6.7 email notification16 7 Requirements versus technologies .17 Annex A: Challenges associated with authority to citizen communication .20 A.1 Need for clear sta
12、tutory responsibilities.20 A.2 Transient population.20 A.3 Business/Retail population.20 A.4 Night hours.20 A.5 Transport or site based incidents20 A.6 Privacy and data protection issues20 ETSI ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03) 4 A.7 Service availability.21 A.8 Information to the citizens21 A.9 Media
13、 plan for major incidents 21 Annex B: Bibliography22 History 23 ETSI ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly
14、 available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
15、 server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or m
16、ay be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Special Committee Emergency Communications(EMTEL). The present document is the third of a set of deliverables covering the communication needs of citizens and authorities in emergen
17、cy situations, as identified below: SR 002 180 12: “Requirements for communication of citizens with authorities/organizations in case of distress (emergency call handling)“; TS 102 181 13: “Requirements for communication between authorities/organizations during emergencies“; TR 102 182: “Requirement
18、s for communications from authorities/organizations to the citizens during emergencies“; TR 102 410 14: “Requirements for communications between citizens during emergencies“. Introduction Recent world events have created a heightened social focus on public protection and general public safety. Actio
19、ns such as the Universal Service Directive requiring the European emergency call number (112) be enhanced with the provision of caller location and the Seveso II Directive aimed at the prevention of major accidents involving dangerous substances highlight this focus. As a result, ETSI did establish
20、the Operational Coordination Group on Emergency Telecommunications (OCG EMTEL) to collect and publish requirements from the Emergency Service and Civil Protection communities, which has now been transformed into a Special Committee within the ETSI structure: SC EMTEL. This effort invites all parties
21、 involved in providing these services to participate in the development of Special Reports that capture the appropriate requirements. Following the adoption of these requirements from the Emergency Service User Community, the relevant ETSI Technical Bodies are requested to take this material into ac
22、count when amending existing, or drafting new deliverables for services and systems to support Emergency Communications. Special consideration may have to be given to the elderly, the disabled and the young people. An annotated bibliography of documents dealing with human factors can be found in SR
23、001 996 11. The provision of effective communication is one of the most important duties of a public authority towards its citizens. An important component required to meet this duty is the ability for Authorities to communicate with citizens during times of emergency. Authorities and emergency resp
24、onse teams need to warn and inform the public in times of crisis and therefore is required to have effective, high quality communication methods and systems to meet this need. The responsibility for emergency response or disaster-related communications is addressed differently from country to countr
25、y. In most cases, the parties responsible for warning and informing the public follow the country“s administrative structures with coordinators at both the local and national levels, as well as across multiple disciplines and departments. The present document catalogues the requirements on warning a
26、nd informing the public as seen by the Emergency Services Community and looks at the technologies and methods available to do this. ETSI ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03) 6 1 Scope The present document gives an overview of the requirements for communication from authorities/organizations to citizens
27、in all types of emergencies. It collects operational and organizational requirements as a basis for a common notification service, including targeting of the area to be notified. Although many of the requirements relate to national public policies and regulation, there are a number of service and te
28、chnical aspects which are better dealt with on the European level to ensure harmonized access and services over Europe and service effectiveness through increased user awareness by using standardized solutions. The present document also collects already established requirements for notification and
29、gives guidance on how to find the standardization work published or ongoing. The document identifies the areas needing particular attention from the experts and refers to identified documents in preparation in SDOs. The present document is a collection of technical requirements and recommendations.
30、The present document is applicable to ETSI technical bodies for the defining of services and specifying technical solutions. 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: 1 EU focus on Civil Protection, Coping with Catastrophes - Coordinating civil prot
31、ection in the European Union ISBN 92-894-4225-5. 2 Commission Decision 2004/277/EC of 29 December 2003 laying down rules for the implementation of Council Decision 2001/792/EC, Euratom establishing a Community mechanism to facilitate reinforced cooperation in civil protection assistance intervention
32、s. 3 Directive 2002/21/EC on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive). 4 Directive 2002/58/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the e
33、lectronic communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications). 5 ETSI SR 002 299: “Emergency Communications; Collection of European Regulatory principles“. 6 Directive 2003/105/EC: Amending Council Directive 96/82/EC on the control of major accident hazards involving dangerous
34、 substances (Seveso II). 7 ETSI EN 300 401: “Radio Broadcasting Systems; Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) to mobile, portable and fixed receivers“. 8 ETSI EN 300 468: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems“. 9 UK Civil Contingency Act 2004, chapt
35、er 36, http:/www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts2004/20040036.htm. 10 ETSI TR 102 444: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Analysis of the Short Message Service (SMS) and Cell Broadcast Service (CBS) for Emergency Messaging applications; Emergency Messaging; SMS and CBS“. 11 ETSI SR 001 996: “Human Factors (HF
36、); An annotated bibliography of documents dealing with Human Factors and disability“. 12 ETSI SR 002 180: “Requirements for communication of citizens with authorities/organizations in case of distress (emergency call handling)“. 13 ETSI TS 102 181: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for
37、 communication between authorities/organizations during emergencies“. 14 ETSI TR 102 410: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communications between citizens during emergencies“. ETSI ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03) 7 15 Commission Recommendation C 2657 (2003): “Recommendation on th
38、e processing of caller location information in electronic communications networks for the purpose of location-enhanced emergency call services“. 16 ITU-T Recommendation E.106: “International Emergency Preference Scheme (IEPS) for disaster relief operations“. 17 ITU-T Recommendation E.105: “Internati
39、onal telephone service“. 18 ETSI TS 122 228: “Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Service requirements for the Internet Protocol (IP) multimedia core network subsystem (IMS); Stage 1 (3GPP TS 22.228)“. 19 ETSI TS 123 228: “Digital
40、 cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS); Stage 2 (3GPP TS 23.228)“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: common eme
41、rgency communication and information system: system to enable communication and sharing information between the monitoring and information centre and the designated contact points Enhanced 112 (E112): emergency communications service using the single European emergency call number, 112, which is enh
42、anced with location information of the calling user NOTE: See Commission Recommendation C 2657 (2003) 15. emergency call: call from a user to an emergency control centre emergency caller: user who calls an emergency service via an emergency call emergency call facilities: emergency telephone stanchi
43、ons/boxes, fire alarms, etc. NOTE: These facilities are either publicly accessible, or located within private premises. emergency control centre: facilities used by emergency organizations to accept and handle emergency calls NOTE: A PSAP forwards emergency calls to the emergency control centres. em
44、ergency notification systems: general category for any systems used to notify persons of an emergency emergency number: special short code(s) or number(s) which is used to contact the PSAP to provide emergency services NOTE: The emergency number, is used by the emergency caller to request assistance
45、 from the Emergency services. There exist two different types of Emergency numbers in Europe: 1) European emergency number, 112: unique emergency number for pan-European and GSM Emergency services and used, for example, in EU member-states, Switzerland and other European countries. 2) National Emerg
46、ency numbers: each country may also have a specific set of emergency numbers. emergency response organization: e.g. the police, fire service and emergency medical services ETSI ETSI TR 102 182 V1.1.1 (2006-03) 8 emergency service: service, recognized as such by the Member State, that provides immedi
47、ate and rapid assistance in situations where there is a direct risk to life or limb, individual or public health or safety, to private or public property, or the environment but not necessarily limited to these situations NOTE: See Commission Recommendation C 2657 (2003) 15. Emergency Telecommunicat
48、ion Service (ETS): service capability that exhibits the following characteristics: 1) ETS is a national implementation utilizing the features facilities and applications available in existing national public networks and service offerings. As such it could be said to resemble a supplementary service
49、 since it can only exist if there is an underlying telecommunications service. 2) As a national capability, ETS is specifically designed to serve the telecommunications needs of nationally authorized users. This might include issues such as priority access to telecommunications in a secure mode operation. 3) Nationally authorized ETS users may be given access to TDR facilities for disasters occurring in other countries or indeed within the national environment. The development of this and other aspects are a national matter. Th
