1、 ETSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06)Technical Report Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS);Part 1: Technical characteristics for pan-European harmonized communications equipment operating in the 5 GHz frequency range and intended for critica
2、l road-safety applications;System Reference Document ETSI ETSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 2 Reference DTR/ERM-RM-036-1 Keywords calm, radio, RTTT, SHF, SRDoc, transport ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 6
3、23 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print
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6、nt to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Ins
7、titute 2005. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit
8、 of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights5 Foreword.5 Introduction 5 1 Scope 7 2 References 7 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .8 3.1 Definitions8 3.2 Symbols8 3.3 Abbreviations .9 4 Executive summ
9、ary 9 4.1 Status of the system reference document .9 4.2 Technical issues10 4.2.1 Spectrum requirement and justification 10 4.3 Market information.10 4.4 Technical system description .10 5 Current regulations.10 6 Proposed regulation11 6.1 Requested licensing conditions 11 6.2 Global usage.11 7 Main
10、 conclusions12 7.1 Business importance.12 7.2 Expected timing for ITS to market in Europe 12 7.3 Expected ECC and ETSI actions12 Annex A: Market information 13 A.1 Summary of application types13 A.1.1 Situation outside Europe 13 A.1.1.1 North America 13 A.1.1.2 Far East, Australia, South America.14
11、A.1.2 Examples of applications14 A.1.2.1 List of safety related applications .14 A.1.2.2 Specific applications.15 A.1.2.2.1 Workzone warning15 A.1.2.2.2 Emergency vehicle approaching .16 A.1.2.2.3 Hazard warning with car-to-car communication.16 A.2 Market size and value.16 A.3 Traffic evaluation .17
12、 Annex B: Technical information 18 B.1 Technical description .18 B.1.1 IEEE 802.11p .18 B.1.2 Draft system parameters.18 B.2 Technical justification for spectrum.19 B.3 Information on current version of relevant standards.22 Annex C: Expected compatibility issues 23 C.1 Coexistence studies 23 ETSI E
13、TSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 4 C.2 Current ITU allocations30 C.3 Sharing issues.30 History 31 ETSI ETSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to thes
14、e essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest
15、updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on
16、 the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable c
17、overing Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) as identified below: Part 1: “Technical characteristics for pan-European harmonized communications equipment operating in the 5 GHz frequency range and intended for critical road-safety applications; System Reference Document“; Part 2: “Technical chara
18、cteristics for protected communications equipment operating in the 5 GHz frequency range on a National basis intended for road-safety and traffic-management applications; System Reference Document“; Part 3: “Technical characteristics for non-protected communications equipment operating in the 5,470
19、GHz to 5,725 GHz frequency range; System Reference Document“. Introduction The report includes necessary information to support the co-operation under the MoU between ETSI and the Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) of the European Conference of Post and Telecommunications Administrations (CEP
20、T). In the past the severity of accident effects could be significantly reduced by passive safety systems, e.g. the airbag. New active safety systems which are based on car-to-car communications, or in some cases, car-to-infrastructure communications, will not only provide for further reduction of t
21、he accident severity but also for the decrease of the number of road accidents. The main objective of the introduction of car-to-car communication is to reduce the number and severity of automobile accidents. The need for ITS data communication and a suitable frequency designation has been recognize
22、d for several years. Car-to-car communication systems have been a topic in research since the second half of the eighties. Although many technical key challenges were solved in a number of research activities, car-to-car communication systems have not been implemented in our vehicles so far. Reasons
23、 for this are the missing of an appropriate frequency band which grants effective protection for road safety applications and the lack of commercially available cheap radio hardware. With the WLAN (IEEE 802.11) technology, now a radio technology is available as a mass product which fulfils technical
24、 as well as business requirements. Microwave systems in the 5 GHz range can offer communications with a high data rate, ranges up to 1 000 metres, low weather-dependence, and global compatibility and interoperability. Europe was pioneering the use of microwave communication with the RTTT DSRC system
25、 at 5,8 GHz. ETSI ETSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 6 Part 1 is dedicated to critical road safety applications requiring low latency and little protocol overhead, especially in case of communications between vehicles. The proposed frequency allocation considers the minimum bandwidth required for pa
26、n-European usage. Part 2 can be considered as an extension of part 1 providing additional communication channels and performance, where there is no urgent need for extremely low latency, such that usage of channels can be negotiated/identified based on different national availability. The additional
27、 functionality related to part 2 is flexible networking using IPv6 protocols. The applications considered for part 3 are not safety related. It is highly desirable that the allocation of channels as described in the three parts of this muti-part deliverable is effected such, that the channels are co
28、ntiguous, or at least nearby. Clause B.3 describes complementary application and system standards. In the USA the allocation of a frequency band for car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communications was the initial impulse to initiate the development and standardization of radio systems adapted to
29、 US traffic, road structure and regulations. eSafety is a joint initiative of the European Commission (DG Enterprise and DG Information Society), industry and other stakeholders and aims to accelerate the development, deployment and use of Intelligent Integrated Safety Systems, that use information
30、and communication technologies in intelligent solutions, in order to increase road safety and reduce the number of accidents on Europes roads. The eSafety work is also supported by the European Car-to-Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC), which comprises the major European car manufacturers, OEMs a
31、nd suppliers. The targets of the joint eSafety initiative 1 from the European Commission, industry and other stakeholders are to reduce road fatalities by 50 % up to 2010, improving efficiency of road traffic, and promoting intelligent vehicle safety systems. In order to help meet the eSafety target
32、s, a European frequency designation offering a certain degree of effectively protected spectrum for high-reliability road safety services is requested. There are several current and proposed EU projects under the eSafety initiative that depend on this designation, e.g. Prevent/WILLWARN, CVIS, SAFESP
33、OT, ADASE, CarTALK, etc. 1. ETSI ETSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 7 1 Scope The present document describes traffic telematics applications with the primary intention of reducing the number and severity of traffic accidents. It defines the spectrum usage requirements and protection parameters for c
34、ommunications equipment: Primarily vehicle to vehicle. Vehicle to roadside/infrastructure. It includes necessary information to support the co-operation between ETSI and the Electronic Communications Committee (ECC) of the European Conference of Post and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT), in
35、cluding: Market information (annex A). Technical information (annex B). Expected compatibility issues (annex C). 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: 1 The eSafety Working Group (November 2002): “Final report of the eSafety Working Group on Roa
36、d Safety“. NOTE: http:/europa.eu.int/information_society/activities/esafety/esafety_before_2005/ esafety_2002/index_en.htm. 2 CEPT ECC/DEC/(04)08 of 9 July 2004 on the harmonised use of the 5 GHz frequency bands for the implementation of Wireless Access Systems including Radio Local Area Networks (W
37、AS/RLANs). 3 FCC Rules and Regulations (August 3, 2004): “Regulations governing the licensing and use of frequencies in the 5850 - 5925 MHz band for Dedicated Short Range Communications Service“. 4 CEPT/ERC Report 25: “The European Table of Frequency Allocations and Utilisations Covering the Frequen
38、cy Range 9 kHz to 275 GHz“. NOTE: Lisbon January 2002 - Dublin 2003 - Turkey 2004 - Copenhagen 2004. 5 IEEE 802.11j: “Standard for Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN
39、 Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) specifications-Amendment 7: 4.9 GHz5 GHz Operation in Japan“. 6 IEEE 802.11a: “Information Technology - Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems - LAN/MAN - Specific Requirements“. 7 IEEE 802.11p: “Wireless Access for Vehicular
40、 Environments - Draft standard“. 8 IEEE 802.11h: “Standard for IT - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - LAN/MAN - Specific requirements Part 11: Wireless MAC and PHY Specifications - Spectrum and Transmit Power Management Extensions in the 5 GHz Band in Europe“. 9 ITU-R Rec
41、ommendation F.1613: “Operational and deployment requirements for fixed wireless access systems in the fixed service in Region 3 to ensure the protection of systems in the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) and the space research service (active) in the band 5 250-5 350 MHz“. ETSI ETSI TR 1
42、02 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 8 10 ITU-R Recommendation M.1638: “Characteristics of and protection criteria for sharing studies for radiolocation, aeronautical radionavigation and meteorological radars operating in the frequency bands between 5 250 and 5 850 MHz“. 11 ITU-R Recommendation SA.1632: “Shari
43、ng in the band 5 250-5 350 MHz between the Earth exploration-satellite service (active) and wireless access systems (including radio local area networks) in the mobile service“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and
44、 definitions apply: roadside unit: radio access point usually fixed as part of the road infrastructure NOTE: Includes localized transmitters or receivers or both functions integrated into one unit. roadside-to-vehicle communications: communications between the roadside and the vehicle NOTE: Includes
45、 vehicle-to roadside communications. roadside: includes: single RSUs operating in a stand-alone fashion; or a group of RSUs connected together by an appropriate infrastructure, which may include an information network; or a single RSU connected to an information network. WAVE: name of IEEE 802.11p g
46、roup and technology 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: Pereceived power in dBm Pstransmit power in dBm Gstransmit antenna gain in dBi Gereceive antenna gain in dBi L path loss in dB L0path loss in dB up to the breakpoint d distance d0breakpoint carrier
47、 wave length r radius of first Fresnel zone n path loss coefficient ETSI ETSI TR 102 492-1 V1.1.1 (2005-06) 9 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AFC Automatic Fee Collection BPSK Binary Phase-Shift Keyed BW BandWidth C2C Car-to-CarC2C-CC Ca
48、r-to-Car Communication Consortium C2R Car-to-Roadside CALM M5 CALM for the 5GHz Microwave range CALM Continuous Air interface Long and Medium range CEN European Committee for Standardization COTS Commercial Off The Shelf dB deciBel DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication e.i.r.p. equivalent isotrop
49、ic radiated power GaAs Gallium Arsenide GI Guard Interval IEEE Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers ISM Industrial, Scientific and Medical ISO International Standards Organisation IVC Inter-Vehicle Communications IVU In-Vehicle Unit (also called On-Board Unit or On-Board Equipment) MAC Medium Access Control OBU OnBoard Unit OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer ppm part per million QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QPSK Quadrature Phase-Shift Keyed RSU Road-Side Unit RTTT Road Transport and Traffic Telematics RVC Roads
