1、 ETSI TR 103 234 V1.1.1 (2014-12) Power Line Telecommunications; Powerline recommendations for very high bitrate services TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 234 V1.1.1 (2014-12) 2Reference DTR/PLT-00041 Keywords MIMO, powerline, video ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANC
2、E Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in ele
3、ctronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing
4、document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI docum
5、ents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any me
6、ans, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. Eur
7、opean Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Part
8、ners. GSMand the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 234 V1.1.1 (2014-12) 3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 9g3Foreword . 9g3Modal verbs terminology 9g3Introduction 9g31 Scope 11g32 References 11g32.1 Normative references . 11g32.2 Informative
9、references 11g33 Abbreviations . 12g34 HD and UHD video specifications . 13g35 MPEG4-AVC VERSUS HEVC for Video Compression 14g35.1 Introduction to video codecs MPEG4-AVC and HEVC 14g35.2 Description of the main coding profiles . 14g35.2.1 The H.265 (MPEG4-AVC) profiles 14g35.2.2 The H.265 (HEVC) pro
10、files 14g35.3 Critical coding parameters for the study . 15g35.3.1 Choice of the codecs . 15g35.3.2 Choice of the global parameters . 15g35.4 Performance study 16g35.4.1 Quality criteria 16g35.4.1.1 General case (without transmission) . 16g35.4.1.2 Case with transmissions 17g35.4.2 Test sequences 18
11、g35.4.2.1 Comparison strategy 18g35.4.2.2 Choice of the test video sequences 18g35.4.3 Coding at fixed bit-rate or fixed Quality . 19g35.5 Tuning of the parameters 21g35.5.1 Parameterization of the codecs . 21g35.5.2 Limiting the size of the slices . 26g35.6 Coding of a “real life“ video . 27g35.7 C
12、onclusion 28g36 UHD video over Powerline Networks SISO versus MIMO 28g36.1 Selected Approach for the Test Campaign . 28g36.1.1 Complexity Analysis. 28g36.1.2 Test Methodology . 30g36.1.3 Reference sequences . 30g36.2 Introduction to Broadband Powerline Technologies 31g36.2.1 HomePlugAV (SISO only) 3
13、2g36.2.2 HomePlugAV2 (SISO Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IP
14、R searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produce
15、d by ETSI Technical Committee Powerline Telecommunications (PLT). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “may not“, “need“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Dr
16、afting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Introduction Already back in 2012, the ETSI STF410 studied the feasibility to increase the transmission capacity of the PLT modems by using th
17、e existing ground wiring in houses, in addition to the Phase and Neutral wiring being used by the SISO-PLT modems. The PLT industry today takes benefit of this technology to launch MIMO-PLT modems on the market. These new generation MIMO-PLT modems offer a throughput above 1Gbits allowing Gigabit Ho
18、me Networking for high internet services developments as UHD/4K video services distribution in a house. The present document addresses the transportation of very high bitrate services like UHD/4K in phase over MIMO-PLT. The present analysis carried out by the ETSI STF468 is taking place at the cross
19、road of three major technologies for video distribution in a house using existing electrical grids: MIMO-PLT offering a throughput up to the double compared to SISO-PLT; HEVC/H.265 reducing the bit-rate by a factor of 2 compared to existing AVC/H.264; and emergence of UHD/4K increasing the number of
20、 pixels by four compared to the HD (High Definition) video. Therefore the actual phase 1 of the present study, explore the benefits of each component of the emerging technologies. The STF establishes performances of video transportation over powerline by validation of the combination of MIMO-PLT and
21、 UHD/4K video based on visual criteria. For this purpose a visual quality criteria recognized by e.g. ITU and MPEG groups video experts is used in this study for evaluation of video after transmission on electrical grids as well as throughput and robustness of the PLT links is measured. For UHD/4K a
22、nd HD video sequences used in this work, definitions given by EBU i.2, i.3 and specifications published by DVB group in an ETSI standard i.1 were referred to. The present document, first, present the phase 1 of UHD specifications i.1 from DVB is now published as a technical standard from ITU, EBU an
23、d DVB to avoid confusion with 4K from Digital Cinema as 4K is referring to quad HD resolutions encoded in AVC/H.265. ETSI ETSI TR 103 234 V1.1.1 (2014-12) 10The specification includes an HEVC Profile for DVB broadcasting services that draws, from the options available with HEVC, those that will matc
24、h the requirements for delivery of UHDTV Phase 1 and other formats i.1. The present document studies the video transportation of HD and UHD video sequences encoded in H.264/AVC and HEVC/H.265 over Powerline technologies based on SISO and MIMO in referring to measurements based on PSNR and SSIM as de
25、scribed by figure 1. Figure 1: General Principles of tests and video quality measurements HEVC/H.265 H.264/AV ENCODER V I D E O S POWERLINE SISO/MIMO NETWORKS HEVC/H.265 H.264/AV DECODER D I S PLAY PSNR/ SSIM STATISTICS COMPUTATIONS SCORES/CURVESS LAB1 LAB2 COORDINATION AND FEEDBACK REPORTING ETSI E
26、TSI TR 103 234 V1.1.1 (2014-12) 111 Scope The scope of the present document is to investigate the increased capacity of MIMO-PLT for Gigabit Home Networking based on forthcoming UHD/4K SVOD and streaming services distribution from Residential Home Gateway (VDSL2/G.Fast) to Set-Top-Box Specification
27、for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream“. i.2 EBU: “Beyond HD update“ (H.HOFFMAN). i.3 MPEG: “HEVC: Targeting streaming and mobile applications and higher resolution“. i.4 Recommendation ITU-R BT.2020: “Parameter values for ultra-high d
28、efinition television systems for production and international programme exchange“. i.5 IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine July 2012: “The new gold standard for video compression“. i.6 RWTH Aachen University, March 2014, J.R. Ohm: “Overview of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)“. i.7 DVB: “CM- UHDTV
29、 and DVB TM-AVC is looking into HEVC“. i.8 CEA: “4K“ Working Group, define 4K technology, discuss 4K content options, and educate consumers about the newest era in high-definition television (HDTV). Nomenclature: “Ultra HD“. i.9 EBU: “Ultra High Definition Television in Europe“. ETSI ETSI TR 103 234
30、 V1.1.1 (2014-12) 12i.10 Recommendation ITU-R BT.709: “ Parameter values for the HDTV standards for production and international programme exchange“. i.11 ITU-T SG16-Q6: “Mutlimedia“. i.12 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11: “Coding of moving pictures and audio“. 3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the prese
31、nt document, the following abbreviations apply: AC Alternating Current AV Audio and Video AVC Advanced Video Coding (H.265) AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying CEA Consumer Electronic Association CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance DCT Discret
32、e Cosine Transform DSSIM structural dissimilarity derived from SSIM DVB Digital Video Broadcasting EBU European Broadcasting Union EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility FEC Forward Error Correction GB Giga Byte GOP Group Of Pictures HD High Definition HD High Definition (720p, 1080i/p) HDR High Dynamic
33、Range HEVC High Efficient Video Coding (H.265) HFR High Frame Rate HM HEVC test Model HPAV HomePlug AV IBBB Sequence of a Intra frame (I) followed by Interpolated frames (B) IP Internet Protocol IPPP Sequence of a Intra frame (I) followed by Predicted frames (P) IPTV Internet Protocol TeleVision ITU
34、 International Telecommunication Union JM Joint Model KTA Key Technical Area LISN Line Impedance Stabilizing Network MAC Media Access Control MB Mega Byte MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output MKV Matroska Video container MPEG Motion Picture Expert Group MSE Mean Square Error MTU Maximum Transfer Unit
35、 NAL Network Adaptation Layer OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex OSI Open System Interconnection PC Personal Computer PHY PHYsical PLC Powerline Communication PLT Power Line Telecommunications PSNR Peak Signal to Noise Ratio QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QoE Quality of Experience RTP
36、 Real Time Protocol RTSP Real Time Streaming Protocol SC Sub Committee SISO Single Input Single OutpSNR Signal to Noise Ratio SSIM Structural SIMilarity SSIM Structural Similarity IndTCC Turbo Convolutional CoTCP Transmission Control PrUDP User Defined Protocol UHD Ultra High Definition UHD Ultra Hi
37、gh Definition (UUHDTV Ultra High Definition TeVCEG Video Coding Experts GVLC VLC media Player WG Working Group YUV A colour space format 4 HD and UHD vidWith more than eight million pixels of resolutpast, is the next generation of video technologconnecting Home Gateway to Set-top-Box anFigure 2: Num
38、bIn 2012, the usage of 4K introduce consumersnot only more pixels but better pixels as definDuring the year 2013, the industry has develoUltra HD based on EBU, DVB and CEA stanPhase 1 is intended to provide a short-term mand limited compared to Full HD (1 920 x 1 0The DVB specification for UHD Phase
39、 1 wasDVB-UHDTV contains a HEVC profile for DIn addition to the four times the resolution of depth of 10. For 2160p content level of 5.1 Hsupported by Level 4.1. As UHD video specifications are still evolvindefinitions and parameters as described by DVThe main elements of UHD are: HEVC Main 10 profi
40、le encoding ETSI ETSI TR 103 2313utput Index Measurement ode Protocol (UHD1 for UHD and UHD2 for 8K) TeleVision s Group video specifications tion UHD (Ultra High Definition) video, also called 4Klo y and contents to distribute in the whole home using PLand Media Servers. ber of Pixels of UHDTV i.4 v
41、ersus HDTV confusion on devices on the market as TV sets and coned by EBU experts. eloped a common understanding with respect to a two-stagtandards. arket entry (2014/2015) based on the current available U080) mainly due to a four times the number of pixels (3 published in July 2014 adopted by the D
42、VB Steering BVB Broadcasting Services and renewed ETSI TS 101 1ofthe system allows frame rates up to 50/60 Hz and also sHEVC Main is 10 profile provided HD services with up tng in standardization processes by ITU, EBU DVB, CEADVB were used: 234 V1.1.1 (2014-12) K or Quad HD in the T modems, contents
43、 as UHD is ta e introduction of Ultra HD displays 840 x 2 160). g oard. 1 54 i.1. sets bit at a bit p o 1080p are EA, the same ETSI ETSI TR 103 234 V1.1.1 (2014-12) 14 4:2:0 video at resolutions up to 3 840 x 2 160 Frame rates up to 50/60fps, including 100/120 variants of the 50/60 fps family Inclus
44、ion of hooks for forward compatibility with UHD Phase 2 signals at higher frame rates Bit depth of 8 and 10 bits Signalling of BT.709 i.10 and BT.2020 i.4 (non-constant luminance) colour space. In the following, the definitions and specifications for HD and UHD video streams were adopted to be used
45、for the tests and measurements performed by Lab1 for video encoding simulations and Lab2 for PLT technologies testing. 5 MPEG4-AVC VERSUS HEVC for Video Compression 5.1 Introduction to video codecs MPEG4-AVC and HEVC Significant compression gain, compared to former video coding standards, has been a
46、chieved by the ITU-T SG16- Q6 i.11 H.264 standard of the Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG), also known as ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG 11 MPEG- 4 i.12 AVC of the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) (for technical details: see annex D). This gain results from the improvement of existing tools and the inclu
47、sion of new ones. These improvements concern the motion estimation and the information coding with Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC), and above all the addition of several Intra and Inter modes with many encoding methods, which need the transmission of competition signalization indic
48、es. The goal was to reach a video coding standard that provides a bit-rate reduction of 50 % at the same subjective quality, with a complexity increased by a factor 2 or 3 at most. Several improvements are already known and gathered in the JM KTA software (Key Technical Area) or in the HEVC (High Ef
49、ficiency Video Coding) Test Model. 5.2 Description of the main coding profiles Profiles (and levels) are a compact method to describe a bunch of codec parameters, which leads to an estimation of the complexity in coding or decoding. The AVC /H.265 and HEVC/ H.265 profiles are different. 5.2.1 The H.265 (MPEG4-AVC) profiles The present document defines several profiles, most of them dealing with the 4:2:0 colour format. Below are listed those profiles which were considered the most relevant: Baseline: the simplest
