1、 ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06)Technical Specification Powerline Telecommunications (PLT);Programmable PSD Mask;Specifications for Access and Indoor SystemsETSI ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06) 2 Reference DTS/PLT-00009 Keywords access, network, powerline ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia
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6、riction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2008. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM, TIPHONTM, the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registere
7、d for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights4 Foreword.4 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 References 5 2.1 Normative references .5 2.2 Informative references5 3 Definitions and abbreviations.6 3.1 De
8、finitions6 3.2 Abbreviations .7 4 Transmitter power back off 7 5 Notching.7 5.1 Notches frequency locations.7 5.2 Notch activation mechanisms.7 5.2.1 Automatic Modem Initiative.7 5.2.1.1 Inquiry to the Outside7 5.2.1.2 Autonomous configuration8 5.2.2 External initiative8 5.2.2.1 Local Initiative 8 5
9、2.2.2 Remote, OMC (Operations Maintenance Centre), Initiative.8 5.3 Notch activation characteristics8 5.4 Specification of PSD Notch characteristics9 5.4.1 Depth: Level of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) in the notch 9 5.4.2 Width of the notch 9 5.4.2.1 Scalability of bandwidth .9 5.4.3 Number of
10、programmable notches9 5.4.4 Minimum Total Notched Bandwidth 9 6 Verification of the PSD 9 Annex A (informative): Examples of measurement circuits.11 History 13 ETSI ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06) 4 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may hav
11、e been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standa
12、rds“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of othe
13、r IPRs not referenced in SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Powerline Telecommunications (PLT). The present document descri
14、bes the requirements for the programmable PSD mask for PLT Access Network systems and PLT Indoor systems. Introduction The PLT equipment integration involves the development of technology within two main layer architectures: the physical layer and network layer. The Physical layer deals with the ele
15、ctrical systems while the network layer deals with the transmission technology. The integration of the physical and network layer technologies allows high-speed data to be transmitted over existing utility power lines to customers premise. In order to modulate the EMC behaviour of PLT transceivers,
16、the PSD mask can be reshaped by introducing notches corresponding to sensitive frequency bands in specific locations, as it is for instance performed in VDSL 2. The mechanisms for defining notches over the PSD mask of a PLT device specified in the present document are very useful in the very specifi
17、c areas where interferences might be encountered. For these reasons it is useful to have the PSD mask of the PLT devices to be programmable in order to better coexist with other users of the spectrum. PSD programmability can be applied to provide spectral compatibility between PLT applications and n
18、on-PLT applications. Narrow band radio signals may couple onto the electrical lines. This effect may interfere with the PLT operation. The programmable PSD specifications defined in the present document will enhance the performance of the PLT network by avoiding the frequencies of the interference.
19、The present document specifies the programmability of the PSD mask and the activation of notches for PLT modems to ensure coexistence with radio services locally used in the specific neighbourhood where a PLT system is deployed. ETSI ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06) 5 1 Scope The present document sp
20、ecifies PSD characteristics for high frequency PLT transceivers providing digital transmission on power cables. The present document is applicable to a modem in a PLT access transmission systems or PLT Indoor LAN systems designed to provide communications over electrical wires. It is concerned with
21、the key functional and electrical requirements for PLT. The present document gives the definition of common parameters characterizing the PSD mask, the methods for initiating them in the context of PLT modems and finally a measurement method in order to verify the compliance of the PSD of a PLT mode
22、m with the present document. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part
23、thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future changes of the referenced document for the purposes of the referring document; - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected locat
24、ion might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. For online referenced documents, information sufficient to identify and locate the source shall be provided. Preferably, the primary source of the referenced document should be cited, in order to ensure traceability. Furthermore, the reference s
25、hould, as far as possible, remain valid for the expected life of the document. The reference shall include the method of access to the referenced document and the full network address, with the same punctuation and use of upper case and lower case letters. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this
26、 clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references,
27、the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. 1 ITU-R Radio Regulations(2004). 2 ETSI TS 101 270-2: “Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Access transmission systems on metallic access cables; Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL); Part 2: Transceiver spec
28、ification“. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) appl
29、ies. Not applicable. ETSI ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06) 6 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: depth: reduction of the Power Spectral Density (PSD) in the notch: amount of the reduction of transmission
30、 power in the notch NOTE: The depth of notch is measured at that frequency showing the weakest attenuation in the frequency band of the notch. It can be given either in dB representing the additional attenuation or in dBm/Hz already taking the non-reduced PSD into account. notch: significant reducti
31、on of transmission power in a given frequency band NOTE: The notch is characterized by the features defined in figure 1. Figure 1: Illustration of a notch PLT modem: functional unit that modulates and demodulates signals in order to enable digital transmission over the electricity lines and that can
32、 be functionally and physically integrated within an equipment with other functionality scalability of the width: ability to change the width of a notch NOTE: The scalability can be either adjustable continuously or in steps. Steps are given in kHz. slopes: transmission power frequency profile betwe
33、en the frequencies at which the PSD is at its nominal level and those at the depth of the notch NOTE: There are two slopes: One slope coming from the lower frequencies and the other towards the higher frequencies. Each slope is defined uniquely by its start and stop frequencies as well as their star
34、t and stop attenuation accordingly. From these numbers the mean slopes are calculated and provided in degrees (). ETSI ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06) 7 width of the notch: frequency band inside which the PSD shall always be equal or lower than the specified depth NOTE: The width is measured in kHz
35、 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AE Auxiliary Equipment EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility EUT Equipment Under Test LAN Local Area NetworkMIB Management Information Base MN Measurement Network OMC Operation Maintenance Centre PLT Power
36、Line TelecommunicationsPSD Power Spectral Density QoS Quality of Service SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNR Signal to Noise Ratio 4 Transmitter power back off The equipment shall implement transmit power control in order to improve its EMC behaviour. The PLT transmitter implementing this te
37、chnique shall have the ability to reduce its transmit PSD whenever the required SNR margins to achieve the service level or maximum throughput at the corresponding receiver is exceeded significantly. The adjustment is realized by attenuating the amplitude of the transmit signal. In case the system c
38、annot obtain the specified SNR margin then the corresponding transmitter will transmit at its maximum allowed power spectral density. The power back off adaptation of the PSD should take into account the time and frequency characteristics of the received SNR. The manufacturer shall determine both th
39、e transmit signal attenuation step size and number of steps. The level of transmitter power backoff technique shall not prevent the applications using PLT to operate as required. 5 Notching 5.1 Notches frequency locations The modem shall be able to notch out any frequency within the operating freque
40、ncy band of the modem. 5.2 Notch activation mechanisms The manufacturer shall implement at least one of the four notch activation mechanisms specified in this clause. The following clauses show the possibilities and define the criteria so that different systems are comparable for the user in a stand
41、ardized way. 5.2.1 Automatic Modem Initiative 5.2.1.1 Inquiry to the Outside This mechanism is based on a “Pull it“ technique. The PLT equipment automatically initiates the retrieval of the notching information from an external source. ETSI ETSI TS 102 447 V1.1.1 (2008-06) 8 For this type of activat
42、ion method a data connection from the PLT device to an equipment located remotely is required. This activation method shall be activated at the first initialization of the PLT device at the end customers site, and at least every month. For instance a web client implemented on the modem downloads the
43、 list of notches and characteristics from the Internet or Intranet. The information of the notches can be “pulled“ for example from a proxy server (dealing with PLT information) or from the manufacturers home page. 5.2.1.2 Autonomous configuration Within this mechanism, the PLT equipment senses the
44、electricity line or uses a wireless interface to detect whether relevant radio carriers are in operation at the specific location. If the PLT equipment detects radio carriers, the PLT system will notch out these frequencies. In this mechanism there is no communication from the PLT equipment to any e
45、xternal device to retrieve the notching information. A PLT equipment with a wireless interface is a combined example of “pull“ and “push“ methods. For example a radio set with an embedded PLT modem in which the radio set instructs the PLT modem to notch out frequencies to which the radio is currentl
46、y tuned (by any interface). 5.2.2 External initiative This mechanism is based on a “Push it“ technique. An external source, local or remote to the PLT equipment, initiates the communication with the PLT equipment to send the notching information. For instance an SNMP client with which a service prov
47、ider or operator configures the notches on the PLT equipment. 5.2.2.1 Local Initiative A PLT system shall have a local interface (human user interface or serial port, etc.) to enter the notches information. Within this option, the manufacturer provides the end-user with tools so that the end-user ca
48、n activate the notch on his modem. For example the end-user can download the notch-activation software through the Internet. After executing the software, the notch will be permanently activated until another download of the notch-activation software. A second example can be that the PLT system offe
49、rs a human interface where a list of notches can be programmed on to the PLT modem. 5.2.2.2 Remote, OMC (Operations Maintenance Centre), Initiative Within this mechanism, the activation of a notch in the PLT modem is done remotely from an operations and maintenance centre. For example this can be performed using SNMP and an appropriate MIB defined in the PLT equipment. 5.3 Notch activation characteristics The notches shall be activated minimizing the impact on the payload traffic being communicated by the PLT devices affected. For instance the PLT devices could lo
