1、FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 Date 2001 O9 10 1994 02 28 FLAMMABILITY TEST FOR AUTOMOTIVE INTERIOR MATERIALS Action Revisions Revised Editorial - no technical change A. Cockman Application This procedure establishes a uniform method of determining the burn rate of automotive materials, compo
2、nent parts, portions of parts, composites and surrogate plaques used in passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, trucks and buses as defined in the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 302 r), Canadian Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 302 r), Engineering Design and Test Standard DD 0.0
3、0-127 (*), and/or the more stringent requirement such as DNI (Does Not Ignite), etc., sometimes imposed by Ford Motor Company upon the material for specific applications. *Current date in effect. Apparatus Required Burner Tirrill, Bunsen or equivalent, with a regulator valve, 3/8 inch inside diamete
4、r tube. VWR Scientific Catalog #I 7920-003. Burner Fuel Natural gas mixture (typically 900-1 1 O0 BTU/ft3 (33.540.9 MJ/m3) or equivalent. Horizontal Flammability Equipment See Figures 1 through 5, or Model 7636A. Source: U.S. Testing Company 141 5 Park Avenue Hoboken, New Jersey 07030 Ventilated Hoo
5、d Cabinet shall be placed in a ventilated hood approximately 1040 mm high, 1120 mm wide and 560 mm deep. The hood shall have an exhaust fan capable of producing approximately 0.052 m3/s air flow. Specimen Holder Support The specimen holder shall be supported horizontally so that the top of the burne
6、r tube is 19 mm below the top surface of the bottom Ushaped frame when positioned in the specimen holder support (see Figures 2 and 3). CopyrightO2001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 Specimen Holder Specimen holder consists of two identical Ushaped metal frames m
7、ade from chromium or nickel plated steel or other non-corroding metal (see Figure 4). Where an Umpire Test is required, steel holders must be used. For undersized specimens, a bottom Ushaped wired frame shall be used (see Figure 5). Environ mental Controls The laboratory shall have the capability of
8、 conditioning test specimens at a temperature of 23 +/- 2 OC and 50 +/- 5 % relative humidity. Instrumentation . Combing device consisting of a comb 100 mm wide with 7 to 8 smooth rounded teeth per 25 mm. . Stop watch or timing device capable of recording time to 0.1 s. . Hygrometer . Thermometer .
9、300 mm scale with 1 .O mm graduations. Sample Selection and Preparation I. Large Parts Specimen Size In all cases the largest possible sample size is to be cut from the component up to the standard specimen of 1 O0 x 356 mm x thickness. The thickness of the specimen is that of the material as utiliz
10、ed in the vehicle except where it exceeds 12.7 mm and in those applications, the specimen is to be reduced to a uniform thickness of 12.7 mm to include face side. Where it is not possible to obtain a flat specimen because of component configuration, the specimen is cut to not more than 12.7 mm in th
11、ickness at any point, from the area with the least curvature and in such a manner as to include the face side. The maximum available length or width of a specimen is used where either dimension is less than 356 mm or 100 mm respectively. Selection of Specimen The materials evaluated to this test met
12、hod shall be as follows: (a) Surface Materials taken separately shall meet the requirements; except when surface materials are completely bonded to one or more substrate materials, the assembly shall meet the requirements. (b) Composites consisting of the surface material and underlying materials, i
13、ncluding padding and cushioning materials, as they appear in the vehicle, to a depth of one- half inch. (c) All padding and cushioning materials taken separately,regardless of their attachment to each other, to other underlying materials, or to surface materials. Page 2 of 14 Copynght02001, Ford Glo
14、bal Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 Illustrative Example Depth Occupant Compartment Air Space Inches - (mml 112 Material tested seDarateIV Materials tested as composite (1 2.7) I (25.4) Material (a) has a non-adhering interface with material (b) and is tested separately. Part
15、 adhere at every point of contact: Therefore, (b) and (c) are tested as a composite. The cut is in material (c) as shown, to make a specimen 12.7 mm thick. The sample location is any composite or material shall be that which produces the most adverse burn rate. This is normally the location that has
16、 the thinnest cross-section, the lowest density, and/or the deepest pattern. The sample direction for burning shall be that which produces the most adverse burn rate. The most adverse burn direction shall be determined by testing the material in the transverse and longitudinal directions so that the
17、 surface closest to the occupant compartment air space faces downward on the test frame. Special Surface Preparation Material with a napped or tufted surface is placed on a flat, hard surface and combed twice against the nap with the comb. II. Small Parts Components, portions of components and compo
18、sites less than 150 mm in their longest dimension. A surrogate test plaque specimen made with a composition identical to that of the component material($ shall be produced in the shape of a rectangle 1 O0 mm wide, 356 mm long and the minimum thickness of the component up to 12.7 mm maximum, employin
19、g the same or equivalent process as used to produce the component part. The thickness of the plaque is that of the material as utilized in the vehicle except where it exceeds 12.7 mm. In those applications, the plaque is to be reduced to a uniform thickness of 12.7 mm to include the surface material
20、 exposed to the occupant compartment air space. Page 3 of 14 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 Conditioning and Test Conditions All test values indicated herein are based on material conditioned in a controlled atmosphere of 23 +/- 2 OC and 50 +/- 5 %
21、 relative humidity for not less than 24 h prior to testing and tested under the same conditions unless otherwise specified. Test Procedure 1. Material is placed in the specimen holder as indicated below and tested in the direction (transverse or longitudinal) that produces the most adverse results.
22、The specimen is oriented so that the surface closest to the occupant compartment air space faces downward on the test frame. (a) The standard test specimen (1 O0 x 356 mm x thickness) is inserted between two matching U-shaped frames (specimen holder) so that both sides of the specimen are held by th
23、e frames. The temperature of the frame in Figure 4 at the start of each test shall not exceed the conditioned temperature as stated above in Paragraph 1 of Test Proced Ure. (b) Where the maximum available width of the specimen is 50 mm or less so that the sides of the specimen cannot be held in the
24、two matching U-shaped frames, it is to be supported by the use of 0.25 mm wires spanning the top surface of the bottom U-shaped frame at 25 mm intervals, keeping such specimens from bending away from the horizontal at the flaming end, thereby allowing a more uniform and constant burn rate (see Figur
25、e 5). The bottom U- shaped frame shall always be positioned so that the wires are “sandwiched“ between the top and bottom frames. (c) Samples tested with support wires: Flexible specimens, such as genuine leather, supported and unsupported vinyls, textile and backing fabrics, foams, textile padding,
26、 rubber compounds, etc., that frequently soften and bend at the flaming end so as to cause a non-uniform, uneven burn rate. Samples tested without wires: Less flexible materials such as paper-board, carpets, rigid plastics, etc., seldom soften and bend at the flaming end; therefore, do not justify o
27、r necessitate support wires. (d) Adjust ventilation hood door opening to approximately 580 mm and regulate ventilation up to 0.052 m3/s maximum air flow to prevent smoke and fumes from entering room. 2. With the burner positioned at one end of the cabinet and with the burner air inlets closed, adjus
28、t the gas regulating valve to provide a flame 37.7 mm in height. The burner position should be predetermined to insure that the center of the burner tip is 19.0 mm below the center of the bottom edge of the open end of the specimen (see Figure 3). Page 4 of 14 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies
29、, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 1 I I I 2 in (50 mm) from point where timing was started *. mm.1a.mm*SlB *.o*.am.*a I B 3. Place the mounted specimen and the stand in the horizontal position into the cabinet and into contact with the frame. i 4. Expose the specimen to the flame for 15 se
30、conds, then extinguish the burner flame or remove the burner from the specimen. 5. From the time of initial burner flame contact with the specimen, observe for any rapid burning or flame front progression from across the materials top or bottom surface. Begin timing (without reference to the 15 seco
31、nd burner flame application when the leading flame front reaches the first scribed line 37.7 mm from the open end of the top or bottom U-shaped frame (see Figure 4). If the leading flame front progresses more than 50 mm beyond the first scribed line at such a rapid rate that it cannot be measured wi
32、th any degree of accuracy, the material shall be reported as Rapid Burning. Note: Caution should be taken to avoid inhalation of combustion products. 6. Measure the time that it takes the leading flame front to progress to the second scribed line 37.7 mm from the clamped end of the top or bottom U-s
33、haped frame (see Figure 4). 7. If the leading flame front extinguishes itself before reaching the second scribed line, time its progress to the point where flaming stops and measure the furthest distance burned. 8. Use the following definitions to report complete flammability results as illustrated
34、in the following sketch. Page 5 of 14 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 REPORT RESULTS AS FOLLOWS: (a) Does Not Ignite (DNI). The material does not support combustion during or following the 15 second ignition period and does not transmit a flame from
35、 across either surface to the first scribed line. (No calculation required.) (b) Self-Extinguishing (SE). The material ignites on either surface, but the flame extinguishes itself before reaching the first scribed line. (No calculation required .) (c) Self-ExtinguishingINo-Burn Rate (SEINBR). The ma
36、terial stops burning before it has burned for 60 seconds from the start of timing, and has not burned more than 50 mm from the point where timing was started. (No calculation required.) Note: Burn rates for these sample specimens should not be calculated. Instead, the burn rate assigned will be the
37、minimum burn rate from the remaining sample specimens calculated in categories 9 (d) or (e) below or 50 mm per minute whichever is the lesser. If all sample specimens selected are this classification, the lot shall be reported as accepted. (d) Self-Extinguishing with a Burn Rate in mmlminute (S EIB)
38、. When the leading flame front on either surface progresses beyond the first scribed line, but extinguishes itself before reaching the second scribed line; time and measure its progress to the furthest point where burning stops and calculate and report the burn rate only if the burn distance exceeds
39、 50 mm or the burn time is 60 seconds or greater. DNI O inch/minute SE O inch/minute SE/NBR (see note) SE/B Calculate Burn Rate Page 6 of 14 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 REPORT RESULTS AS FOLLOWS: (e) Burn Rate in mmlminute (B). The material burn
40、s the full 250 mm. (9 Rapid Burning (RB). The material transmits a flame across either surface more than 50 mm beyond the first scribed line at a rate greater than 1 O0 mm/minute and too fast to measure accurately; therefore, no calculation is required. Examples of materials in this category are ext
41、remely thin films which burn rapidly, or napped surfaces which “flash“. B Calculate Burn Rate RB Over 100 mm/ minute Note: Rapid burning of a surface created by cutting the specimen to the 12.7 mm maximum dimension does not constitute a failure. The requirement concerning transmission of a flame fro
42、nt shall not apply to a surface created by the cutting of a test specimen. 9. Calculate and record the burn rate for the conditions SE/B (para d) and B (para e) from the formula: Burn Rate (B) = 60 x 0 T Where B = Burn rate in mm/minute (rounded to one decimal) D = Length the flame travels in mm (ro
43、unded to one decimal) T = Time in seconds for the flame to travel “D“ mm IO. Flammability Burn Rate Acceptance Chart (formerly titled “Lot Sampling Plan“) (a) The Flammability Burn Rate Acceptance Chart is to be employed for certification to FMVSS No. 302 of Original, Unaged Materials Only. Material
44、s aged in accordance with ESB-M25P3 are not evaluated by the Burn Rate Acceptance Chart. (b) The supplier will take a random sample of specimens of material and determine the burn rate. The randomness of the sample must be assured by strict adherence to the standard rules of sampling. Page 7 of 14 C
45、opynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD BN 024-02 (c) The maximum burn rate and the minimum burn rate are selected from the data and compared with the Flammability Burn Rate Acceptance Chart to ascertain either acceptance or rejection of the material. (d) For any give
46、n sample size and maximum burn rate, the chart on Page 9 reflects the minimum burn rate allowable. e.g. If one of the pieces in a sample size of 6 has a burn rate of 76 mm, the remaining five test samples must reflect burn rates from 36 to 76 mm. 11. Presentation of Data For Engineering Certificatio
47、n to F/CMVSS 302, report the maximum burn rate on the original (sheet #I) signed and dated copy of form BAE 7183. In addition, the remaining burn rates that represent the suppliers lot sampling selection are to be reported on the same sheet. The maximum burn rate must always be reported on the face
48、of the original signed copy, whereas the remaining burn rates shall be reported on the reverse side of the original BAE 7183 form. All recorded burn rates are thus retained on the original signed copy. Testing performed on surrogate plaques must be so identified on form BAE 7183 under para 2.0 Part
49、II - Flammability Test Results - Requirements S4. The following information shall be written on or attached to form BAE 71 83: (a) The size of the sample and the method of measuring the burn rate when the sample is less than standard length. (b) A description (sketch) of where the test sample was removed from the part if the location can affect the burn rate. (c) List the referenced ”like parts” and blueprint date (i.e., when test data is utilized to certify more than one part). (d) A description of all deviations from this procedure including required referenced material. Chemical
