1、GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology EDS Engineering, GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology Standards METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE Do Not Use on New Programs. Being Replaced by GMW3091 EDS-T-5519 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 (Supe
2、rceded) EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 1/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology Note: This standard may be applied only for current project (incl. Variant Program). It is Super
3、ceded for all future projects and replaced by GMW3091 1. PURPOSE This standard aims at specifying the method of measuring broadband emission from the spark ignition system and electric parts (motors, relays) of the vehicles manufactured by GMDAT. 2. SCOPE This standard applies to all vehicles manufa
4、ctured by GMDAT. 3. TEST SAMPLE (TEST VEHICLE) CONDITIONS At the normal temperature, all functions of the test vehicle shall operate normally to meet design purposes. 4. DEFINITION OF TERMS 4.1. Broadband electromagnetic emission Electromagnetic emission having a larger bandwidth than that of specif
5、ic measuring instruments or receivers. It generally refers to electromagnetic emission from the ignition system and brush type DC motor. 4.2. Open area test site : OATS Test site built to permit measuring of interference field intensity of electromagnetic waves radiated above the clear level ground
6、that is free of objects reflecting electromagnetic waves, such as the surrounding building, electric cable, wall, tree, and underground cable and oil pipeline. 4.3. Substitute test laboratory (Semi-anechoic chamber) Facility designed to prevent reflection of electromagnetic wave by the electromagnet
7、ic wave absorbers installed on its boundary, it has the characteristics equivalent to the open area test site. 4.4. Ground plane A plane composed of the metal electric conductor or the conducting wire installed on the ground to acquire the same effect as grounding. 4.5. Ambient noise Radiated or tra
8、nsmitted noise that is present on a specific place without the object to be tested (test vehicle, etc.) being operated. 4.6. Sweep Continuous change or change by a small increment throughout the frequency band. 4.7. Peak detector EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC
9、EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 2/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology Detector whose output voltage is represented as the peak value of applied signals 4.8. Quasi-peak detector Detector whose output voltage represents a fraction of the peak pul
10、se and the value approaches unity with increase of the pulse repetition rate when the same type of regularly repeated pulse is applied to the detector having a specified electric time constant. 4.9. Frequency window It is defined as the span between the starting frequency and ending frequency used i
11、n measurement or data recording. It is also called frequency span when the spectrum analyzer is used. 4.10. Resolution bandwidth (RBW) Bandwidth of the filter used for discerning the noise frequency coming from electrical/electronic devices, it is usually -3dB and may be -6dB depending on the specif
12、ications. 4.11. Impulse bandwidth Bandwidth of the rectangular filter that has the same voltage response as that of the filter actually used In case the spectrum analyzer is used in test procedures of this standard, the impulse bandwidth has the following relation with the resolution bandwidth (RBW)
13、. Impulse (bandwidth = 1.5(selected RBW) 5. MEASURING FACILITIES 5.1. The measuring facilities shall meet requirements in items 1 and 2 of “Electromagnetic interference prevention test method” Chapter 2 General test conditions, Paragraph 2 Measuring facilities, Clause 8 General conditions of measuri
14、ng facilities. Of the Clause 9, Bandwidth of measuring instrumentand Clause 12, Test standspecified in item 2, those related to the latterClause 12, Test standshall be excluded. * Note : Item 2 stipulates that particulars not specified in Clause 9, Bandwidth of measuring instrumentand Clause 12, Tes
15、t stand of item 2 shall follow the recommendations of CISPR. 5.2. The measuring facilities used for test shall have been calibrated on a regular basis. 5.3. Type of measuring facilities 5.3.1. Spectrum analyzer, radio noise meter, EMI test receiver The spectrum analyzer can be used. In case a radio
16、noise meter is used, an auxiliary device capable of measuring quasi-peak value shall be connected. When equipment having correlation with the spectrum analyzer is used, clause 5.1 shall be met. (1) Calibration: To ensure accuracy of measuring instruments, calibration shall be conducted regularly acc
17、ording to the calibration factor shown in the manual instruction. Other peripheral devices used in measurement (Ex. cable, antenna) shall be calibrated together. EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 3/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED
18、DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology (2) Display units: The linear scale is convenient only for observing low signal level data. In the vast area as in this test, the log scale is more appropriate, whose correlation is as follows: Level in dB V/m = 20*log10(Level in V/m) (3) Pre
19、amplifier: When very low level signals are detected or are likely to be detected, a preamplifier is used at the input end of the radio noise meter to improve the system sensitivity. When connected to the measuring instruments, double coaxial cable is required, and RF common-mode choke, such as ferri
20、te core, may be inserted into the coaxial cable to reduce measuring error. (4) Instrumentation overload: Steps are provided to avoid overload of the preamplifier or radio noise meter. (5) Equipment noise floor: The noise floor of the measuring instrument shall be lower than the narrow band emission
21、standard value of the test sample by 6dB. 5.3.2. Antenna (1) Biconical antenna 1) Frequency range : 20 KHz300 KHz 2) Reference point : Antenna center (2) Log-periodic antenna 1) Frequency range : 300 KHz1000 KHz 2) Reference point : Antenna front end (3) Conical log-spiral antenna 1) Frequency range
22、 : 200 KHz1000 KHz 2) Reference point : Antenna front end (4) Any antenna may be used if it meets requirement for the reference antenna. 5.3.3. Antenna master It shall be of the structure that permits change of the antenna height to the specified level and of the polarity to the vertically polarized
23、 and horizontally polarized waves and shall be made of the non-conductive materials. 5.3.4. Antenna positioning controller It is used when the automatically adjustable antenna master is used in changing the antenna height and polarity. 5.3.5. Process controller It is used when the test is performed
24、with the measuring instrument automatically adjusted through software. 5.3.6. Plotter or printer It is used to print out the measuring results. 6. TEST ENVIRONMENT (MEASURING PLACE) 6.1. Open area test site: The test in OATS shall be performed at the center of a 30 m radius level clear area midway b
25、etween the test vehicle and antenna which is free from electromagnetic interference as shown in Attachment 1. EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 4/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM DAEWOO Auto & Techn
26、ology 6.2. The semi-anechoic chamber can only be used when compatible with the open area test site (when the test conditions are met). 6.3. When the test is performed in the open area test site, the measuring instrument, laboratory and the vehicle for the measuring instrument shall stay in the permi
27、ssible area within 15m as shown in Attachment 1. Other measuring antennas shall be at least 10m away from the reception antenna and vehicle. 6.4. When the test is performed in the semi-anechoic chamber, the test vehicle and antenna shall stay at least 0.5 m away from the absorber and at least 1.0m f
28、rom the wall as shown in Attachment 2. 6.5. The surroundings of the open area test site shall be practically free from external noises or signals large enough to affect measuring. The external noise or signal shall basically be at least 6dB lower than the radiant quantity limits in standard. However
29、, this does not apply to cases in which the sum of the noise radiated from the test object (test vehicle) and ambient noise stays within the reference limits or where the electromagnetic wave from the test vehicle can be measured by other methods when the limits are exceeded at the specific frequenc
30、y. 7. TEST PROCEDURES 7.1. Test method 7.1.1. Preliminary vehicle check (1) Check if electric parts to be operated for each test item are actually installed. (2) Before commencing and upon completing the test, check the vehicle and mounted electric parts for normal operation. 7.1.2. Measuring instru
31、ment check and set-up (1) Warm up the measuring instrument for about 30 minutes before commencing the test. (2) Check the measuring instrument for presence of troubles and set-up condition (See Attachment 3). 1) Distance between the vehicle and antenna: 10m test : 10.00.2m, 3m test : 3.000.05m 2) An
32、tenna height: 10m test : 3.000.05m, 3m test : 1.800.05m 3) Antenna position: Proceed with test while placing the antenna in front of, right of and left of the vehicle engine. 4) Antenna polarity: While changing the polarity both horizontally and vertically, measure the horizontal and vertical polari
33、zation. 7.1.3. Vehicle conditions during test (1) The engine rpm shall be kept to 1500rpm 10% with the gear lever set to “neutral”. (2) Ignition switch shall be ON for electric parts to be operated during test. Electric parts to be operated Wiper : speed high (low speed for vehicle certification tes
34、t) Rear wiper : turn ON Air conditioner : full (2ndfor vehicle certification test) EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 5/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology Turn signal : turn ON
35、 Head light : low beam (3) Electric parts that are required to operate during test may be switched on depending on tests. (4) Test shall not be performed when the weather conditions affect the vehicle, such as rainy days. However, the test may be performed from 10 minutes after the rain stops. 7.1.4
36、. Measuring (1) Check the ambient noise level. Ambient noise level check shall be conducted before and after the main test in order to confirm absence of external noises or signals large enough to affect measuring. (2) With the antenna placed in front of, right of and left of the vehicle engine, con
37、duct the test while varying the antenna polarity horizontally and vertically. (3) Of the 6 types of measurement reading for each frequency obtained according to the antenna position and polarity, have the largest as the representative value for the corresponding frequency. (4) Measuring frequency :
38、Conduct measuring throughout the frequency band of 30MHz 1000MHz. (5) For the vehicle certification test, only the following 13 spot frequencies between 30MHz and 1000MHz are measured: Spot frequency (MHz) Tolerance(MHz) 45, 65, 90, 120, 150, 190, 230 5 280, 380, 450, 600, 750, 900 20 (6) Measuring
39、unit : dBV/M (V/M) (7) For measurement, the quasi-peak detector 120khz bandwidth is basically use but the peak detector may also be used. (8) When peak detector is used: The reference limits can be set by adding 38dBo /M to the limit for 1MHz bandwidth and by deducting 22dBo /M from the limit for 1K
40、Hz bandwidth. 7.1.5. Result recording Arrange the measuring results according to Attachment 6 Vehicle narrow band electromagnetic emission measuring data sheet. 7.2. Test standard 7.2.1. For the measuring distance of 10m, the values below the reference limits, as specified in Appendix 2 “Broadband e
41、lectromagnetic emission prevention standard for automobiles, etc” of Electromagnetic interference prevention standard (same as 95/94/EC regulations for 10m), minus 2dBV/M (below the reference limits 20% when V/M is used) shall be made the reference limits for GMDAT. For the measuring distance of 3m,
42、 the values below the reference limits, as specified in 95/54/EC ANNEX “Method of measurement of radiated broadband electromagnetic emissions from vehicle”, minus 2dBV/M (below reference limits 20% when V/M is used) shall be made the reference limits. Here, the measuring frequency shall cover the en
43、tire frequency band of 30MHz 1000MHz. EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 6/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology 7.2.2. For tests after the main test, the values +2dBV/M below the
44、 reference limits (below +20% when V/M is used) shall be made the reference limits for GMDAT. Here, the measuring frequency shall cover the entire frequency band of 30MHz 1000MHz. 7.2.3. Reference limits of broadband electromagnetic emission Based on quasi-peak detector, band width 120 KHz. (If peak
45、 detector is used, see clause (7) in 7.1.4) (1) Reference limits at measuring distance of 10m and antenna height of 3m (See Attachment 4) 30MHz 75MHz : 34dBV/M Reference value L=34 75MHz 400MHz : 3445dBV/M Reference value L= 34 + 15.131log(f/75) 400MHz 1000MHz : 45dBV/M Reference value L=45 (2) Refe
46、rence limits at measuring distance of 3m and antenna height of 1.8m (See Attachment 5) 30MHz 75MHz : 44dBV/M Reference value L=44 75MHz 400MHz : 4455dBV/M Reference value L = 44 + 15.131log(f/75) 400MHz 1000MHz : 55dBV/M Reference value L=55 (3) Only one reference limit is applied per the tested mea
47、suring distance and antenna height. 8. REFERENCES 8.1. “Electromagnetic interference prevention test method”, Chapter 2 General test conditions, Paragraph 2 Measuring facilities, Clause 8 General conditions of measuring facilities, items 1 and 2 8.2. “Electromagnetic interference prevention test met
48、hod”, Chapter 2 General test conditions, Paragraph 2 Measuring facilities, Clause 9 Bandwidth of measuring instrument 8.3. Electromagnetic interference certification Appendix 2 “Broadband electromagnetic emission prevention standard for automobiles, etc” 8.4. 95/94/EC Annex IV: Method of measurement
49、 of radiated broadband electromagnetic emissions from vehicle EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 7/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM DAEWOO Auto & Technology Attachment 1. Open Area Test Site (OATS) EDS-T-5410METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF RADIATED BROADBAND ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSIONS FROM VEHICLE PAGE: 8/12 ISSUED DATE: 1994. 11. 11 REVISED DATE: 2008. 11. 04 VERSION: 4 GM D
