1、WORLDWIDEENGINEERINGSTANDARDSGeneral Specification GMW16853Comprehensive Standard for Overall Emission Testing of InteriorMaterials and Parts (Fogging, Odor, Emissions, Carbonyls, Amines) Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights ReservedJuly 2013 Page 1 of 341 IntroductionNote: Nothing in th
2、is standard supercedes applicable laws and regulations.Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall takeprecedence.1.1 Scope. This standard covers all interior emission related part performance requirements for all interiorparts that are define
3、d as Code E parts per GMW14444.Code E parts are all parts that are in contact with refreshable air in the occupant compartment, the trunk andall parts having an air flow to the interior including HVAC ducts, trunk trim, insulations etc. For clarification referto the responsible material engineer. Th
4、is standard shall be used to evaluate the emission behaviour of vehicleinterior parts. This standard is applicable for all regional and global supplied parts.Based on size and weight the following parts shall be tested per this standard:x All parts having an air flow to the interior with an area of
5、50 cm2 or a weight of 10 g shall be tested.x All parts 50 cm2 or with a weight 10 g, that are used multiple times in the vehicle shall be tested in thefollowing case: The area or the weight of the part shall be multiplied by the number of parts used in thevehicle, if the resulting weight is 10 g or
6、the area is 50 cm2 the part shall be tested.x All parts containing polyoxymethylene (POM, acetal) shall be tested independent of area or weight.1.2 Mission/Theme. This standard defines minimal material related emission requirements for regional andglobal parts. In addition, specific requirements are
7、 called out in other documentation, e.g. Specification ofRequirements (SOR), drawings, material specifications, math files etc., and apply to this engineering standardalso.The results of the tests per this standard will deliver comprehensive information for the vehicle interior airanalysis.Note: The
8、re is no direct correlation between the limits on material, component and vehicle level due to thehigh complexity of chemical interactions, unpredictable influence of different part sizes and addition, andreduction of their emissions through interactions.1.3 Classification. Not applicable.2 Referenc
9、esNote: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified.2.1 External Standards/Specifications.DIN 55531 ISO 9001 ISO/IEC 17025 ISO 12219-2ISO12219-42.2 GM Standards/Specifications.GMW3026 GMW14231 GMW15064 GMW16440GMW3059 GMW14444 GMW15065 GMW16597GMW3205 GMW14552 GMW150
10、66 GMW16717GMW3235 GMW14722 GMW15412 GMW16732GMW3262 GMW14838 GMW15471 GMW16741Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16853 Copy
11、right 2013 General Motors Company All Rights ReservedJuly 2013 Page 2 of 34GMW14122 GMW14867 GMW15634 GMW16817GMW14131 GMW15015 GMW15635 GMW16876GMW14171 GMW15058 GMW15757 GMW16877GMW14194 GMW15061 GMW16150 GMW16886GMW14196 GMW15063 GMW16214 GMW169123 Test Preparation and Evaluation3.1 Resources. Al
12、l tests per this standard shall be performed by a laboratory that conforms to ISO/IEC 17025or ISO 9001 or other 3rd party accreditation that is acceptable to the GM Materials Engineer. Supplier shallsubmit documentation showing proof of accreditation. A list of laboratories accredited to this standa
13、rd can beobtained by the regional GM contact persons.3.1.1 Calibration. The test facilities and equipment shall be in good working order and shall have a validcalibration status.3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test facilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuringvariables as specifi
14、ed in this standard shall be determined correctly with respect to their physical definition.3.1.3 Facilities. As specified by the relevant test procedure.3.1.4 Equipment. As specified by the relevant test procedure.3.1.5 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. Test pieces should be obtained from suppliers as soon
15、as possible afterproduction. Unless otherwise specified in this standard, no pre- or post-treatment of the test samples besidesthe production process and the test sample preparation (e.g. drying if necessary) is allowed. Care should betaken to prevent material out-gassing before analysis (package, r
16、efrigerate).Note: Sample size and quantity shall be such that all tests can be performed.Test Pieces are taken from:3.1.5.1 Parts (non composite)/Semi-Finished Products. Parts intended for tests shall be packed asdescribed in paragraph 3.1.5.7.If agreed upon for large parts, the sample shall be take
17、n from the part as follows:A representative sample of the material shall be taken. The sample size shall be minimum (25 x 20) cm.The sample shall not be touched with bare fingers. The cutting shall be done with an oil-free tool. A photographof the sampling region of the part shall be taken to identi
18、fy the part sampling location. This photograph shall belater added to the sample package.Samples intended for tests shall be packed as described in paragraph 3.1.5.7.3.1.5.2 Composite Parts. Composite parts shall be tested as composite, or upon agreement layers of thecomposite can be tested individu
19、ally. All single materials and the composite have to fulfill the requirements ofthis standard and GMW3059. If tested individually, test piece shall be as defined per this standard.Samples intended for tests shall be packed as described in paragraph 3.1.5.7.If agreed upon for large parts, samples sha
20、ll be taken from the part as follows:A representative sample of the material shall be taken. The sample size shall be minimum (25 x 20) cm2.The sample shall not be touched with bare fingers. The cutting shall be done with an oil-free tool. A photographof the sampling region of the part shall be take
21、n to identify the part sampling location. This photograph shall belater added to the sample package.Samples intended for tests shall be packed as described in paragraph 3.1.5.7.Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or
22、networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16853 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights ReservedJuly 2013 Page 3 of 343.1.5.3 Paint. Paint suppliers shall prepare samples as follows:Paints are sprayed on aluminum foil of 30 m maximum foil thickn
23、ess, the paint process guidelines of the paintsupplier including coating, thickness and drying requirements shall be followed. For multilayer paints, thethickness of the individual layers of the film shall be the same as the thickness on the painted part. Ifnecessary each layer will be analyzed sepa
24、rately. Paint sample intended for tests shall be packed asdescribed in paragraph 3.1.5.7.3.1.5.4 All Materials Cured within the Vehicle (Fillers, Adhesives, Sealants, Deadener Pads etc.).Supplier shall prepare samples as follows:Material shall be applied to emission neutral foil or paper (e.g. alumi
25、num foil). The material shall be treated asif it is used for the vehicle production process at the minimum cure time and temperature. Samples intendedfor tests shall be packed as described in paragraph 3.1.5.7.Optional and if agreed upon with testing laboratory, material can be delivered to the labo
26、ratory and cured atthe laboratory with the same production conditions.3.1.5.5 Plastic Pellet Raw Materials. Pellet materials intended for test shall be molded in a test plaque,15 cm2 x 20 cm2 minimum.Samples intended for tests shall be packed as described in paragraph 3.1.5.7.3.1.5.6 Other Materials
27、. Samples intended for tests shall be packed as described in paragraph 3.1.5.7.3.1.5.7 Packaging of Test Pieces. The test piece shall be packed into aluminum composite films (e.g.VACUPAC, or any other material according to DIN 55531, a list of suppliers can be obtained from the regionalGM contact pe
28、rsons). In the exceptional case, the test piece can be packed into two layers of thick silicone-free aluminum foil (pre-cleaned with n-pentane), the edges shall be folded multiple times to preventcontamination and to ensure a gastight packing. The aluminum foil packed test piece shall then be packed
29、additionally into a polyethylene bag. The packed test piece shall be labeled with vendor name, part number,final sample name, manufacturing date and date of sampling.3.1.6 Test Time. See individual test procedure.3.1.7 Test Required Information. The following information shall be submitted with the
30、samples:Material component information such as vendor name, raw material, production date, sampling date and GMpart number shall be reported in the test report to the responsible GM test engineer. For template seeAppendix A.Manufacturing date and sampling date shall be documented:x Vendor Namex Manu
31、facturer Name (if different from Vendor Name)x Part Numberx Final Part Namex Manufacturing Datex Date of Samplingx Date of Packing/Wrappingx Material Specification of used raw material or composite or individual material of each layer in a compositex Explicit Trade Name and Supplier of used raw mate
32、rial or composite or individual material of each layer ina compositeNote: Samples without identification labels will not be analyzed until clarification is received.3.1.8 Personnel/Skills. Proper training is required to operate the instrumentation in this procedure.A professional degree in chemistry
33、, chemical engineering, health science or equivalent, and familiarity with theoperation of the instrumentation is required. Personnel without this background shall be trained carefully on theinstrumentation before using it.3.2 Preparation. The delivered parts / samples shall be unpacked and then sto
34、red for (168 4) h at(+23 2) C and (50 10) % relative humidity (% rH) in a room with a controlled atmosphere (free of dust andair draft).After storage the test samples for the individual test shall be prepared as defined in the individual testprocedures. A photograph of the samples shall be taken to
35、identify the samples.Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16853 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights ReservedJuly
36、2013 Page 4 of 343.3 Conditions.3.3.1 Environmental Conditions. See individual test procedures.3.3.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Suchrequirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc.3.4 Instruct
37、ions. Table 1 identifies applicable test procedures per sample types:Table 1: Overview of Test Procedures required for the Individual Materials and Part ApprovalsSample Type Odor toGMW3205Fogging toGMW3235VOC/SVOC toGMW15634Carbonyls toGMW15635Raw material according to paragraphs3.1.5.5 and 3.1.5.6N
38、ote: Tests only have to be done for rawmaterials that possibly will be used ininterior applicationsX X X X if applicable(see paragraph3.4.4.1)Semi-finished product according toparagraphs 3.1.5.3, 3.1.5.4 and 3.1.5.6 X X XX if applicable(see paragraph3.4.4.1)Parts according to paragraphs 3.1.5.1and 3
39、.1.5.2X X X X if applicable(see paragraph3.4.4.1)3.4.1 Resistance to Odor Propagation (GMW3205).3.4.1.1 Application. All Code E parts according to GMW14444.3.4.1.2 Requirement. See Table 4. The material shall have an odor scale rating of 6 or higher.3.4.1.3 Procedure. Test per GMW3205, as received.
40、For natural content containing parts, foam containingparts, and textile materials test in wet conditions (GMW3205, Code A). For all materials test in dry condition(GMW3205, Code B). For test container volume ratio refer to GMW3205 or Table 3 of this standard.3.4.2 Fogging, Volatility of Organic Cons
41、tituents (GMW3235, Method B).3.4.2.1 Application. All Code E parts according to GMW14444.3.4.2.2 Requirement. See Table 4.Report the presence of solid crystalline deposits, films (thin layer of coalescent droplets, large droplets 0.5 mm) or coalescent droplets. If one of these effects occurs the res
42、ult does not meet the requirementregardless of the numerical result.3.4.2.3 Procedure. GMW3235, Method B, Test temperature is T2 for all parts except for Code 1 parts (seeGMW14444 for reference). For Code 1 parts test temperature will be T3. For all kinds of foam (PVC, PUR,EPDM etc.) test temperatur
43、e will be T1 independent of installation position.3.4.3 Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Semi-volatile Compounds (SVOC/FOG) Emissions(GMW15634).3.4.3.1 Application. All Code E parts according to GMW14444.3.4.3.2 Requirement. See Table 4 for limits of sum values. Additionally the lists of single
44、substances of theVOC and SVOC (FOG) runs shall be submitted with the test report. For test report template see GMW15634.The limit values for single substances can be found at GMW3059 Appendix C, Table C1. Exceeding theselimits will lead to the rejection of the part/material.3.4.3.3 Procedure. Test a
45、ccording to GMW15634.Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16853 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights ReservedJuly
46、2013 Page 5 of 343.4.4 Carbonyl Emissions (GMW15635).3.4.4.1 Application. Only for particular Code E parts. These are parts that could contain carbonyls because ofthe material or the production process, e.g. polyoxymethylene, parts containing wood, natural fibers orlaminated fibers, leather, artific
47、ial leather, adhesives, sealants, polyurethane, cotton fleece, join fabric fleece,phenol/formaldehyde resins.3.4.4.2 Requirement. See Table 4 for limits.3.4.4.3 Procedure. Test according to GMW15635.3.4.5 Compatibility of Interior Trim Materials with Amines (GMW14131).3.4.5.1 Application. Only for C
48、ode E parts according to GMW14444 containing PVC.3.4.5.2 Requirement. No odor of garlic shall be noticeable.3.4.5.3 Procedure. Test according to GMW14131.3.4.6. Component Test in 1 m Chamber (ISO 12219-4).Note 1: On an interim basis for a limited period of time also the test according to ISO 12219-2
49、 (TedlarbagMethod) can be used.Note 2: Conditioning Time for testing according to ISO 12219-4 shall be (24 to 168) h. Testing after 168 h(requirement in ISO 12219-4) is preferred.3.4.6.1. Application. All interior component parts listed in Table 2. At the discretion of the responsiblevalidation engineer and GM materials engineer (together with the responsible regional GM VIAQ engineer),test data of surrogate components can be used
