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5、- - - . 4 4.1 6709. 4.2 . 4.3 2603, . . . 4.4 . 4.5 . 4.6 10 % 60 63 200 130 C - . - , 10 %. - 30 , 30 , . 6 . 4.7 , , 50 % . . 4.8 , , 9293, . . 4.9 4166, . 4.10 4233, . 4.11 : - - S-(3,4-4-d1,2,3-3-)O, O- -; - - S-(3,4-4-d1,2,3-3-)O, O- -; - O-4-2,5- O,O- ; - S-4- O,O- ; - O,O- O-3,5,6-2- ; - - O,
6、O- O-3,5,6-2- ; - O,O- O-2-6-4- ; - O,- S - ; - O,O,O,O- S,S- (); - O- S- ; 2 32193null2013 - (); - S-2,3-5-2-1,3,4-3- O, O-; - O,O- O-4- ; - - ,-; - - O-2-6-4- O,O- ; - - O-2-6-4- O, O- . ( ) - IUPAC 1. 4.12 : . 4.13 4.13.1 1 000 /3 (. 5.10) 0,1 , - (. 4.11) (. 4.12), 1000 /3. - . , (. 4.5) . 4 C 6
7、 . 4.13.2 10 /3 (. 5.13) 1 3 (. 4.13.1) (. 5.11) 100 3, . 4 C 1 . -. , - 15 18 C, 1 /3 3 - 18 C. . - () . 20 C. , - . ( ) 10 % , . , 1 . ( , 25 3). , - ( 2 3) - 4 C 1 . 4.13.3 0,5 /3 5 3 (. 4.13.2) - 100 3 - (. 4.5). 4 C 1 (. 4.13.2). 4.14 () , , . - . , - , , - , , , . , . - - . 3 32193null2013 - . . 5 , 5.1 500 1000 3 - (PTFE). 5.2 1(2)-500 25336. 5.3 3 9147. 5.4 10 3 (PTFE). 5.5 300 , 8 10 , P 100 ( 40100 ) 2 . 5.6 , -1(2)-100(500)-19/26(29/32, 34/36)- 25336