1、 14045 2014 , ISO 14045:2012 Environmental management Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems Principles, requirements and guidelines (IDT) 2015 14045 2014 II 1 , 4 2 20 3 26 2014 1867- 4 14045:2012 . . , (ISO 14045:2012 Environmental management Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems Prin
2、ciples, requirements and guidelines). , 5 1.02012 ( 8). ( 1 ) , . () . , (gost.ru) , 2015 , 14045 2014 III 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 3 4.1 3 4.2 . 3 4.3 4 5 4 5.1 . 4 5.2 ( , ) . 4 5.3 . 6 5.4 . 7 5.5 . 7 5.6 7 5.7 8 6 9 6.1 . 9 6.2 9 7 9 7.1 9 7.2 , 10 7.3 , .10 () , , 11 B () 12 () 32 .33 14045 2014 IV , . ()
3、, ( 14040, 14044). , , , , , , , . , , , , , , . . : ; ( ); ; , . 14045 2014 1 , Environmental management. Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems. Principles, requirements and guidelines 2016 01 01 1 , , : a) ; b) ; c) ; d) ; e) ( ); f) ; g) . , . , . 2 , . , , . , , , : 14021:1999 . ( II) (IS
4、O 14021 Environmental labels and declarations - Self-declared environmental claims (Type II environmental labelling); 14040:2006 . . (ISO 14040 Environmental management Life cycle assessment Principles and framework); 14044:2006 . . (ISO 14044 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Requi
5、rements and guidelines); 14050:2009 . (ISO 14050 Environmental management Vocabulary). 3 , 14050, : 14045 2014 2 3.1 (product): , , , , 14050:2009, 6.2, 3.2 (product flow): (3.1), . 4040:2006, 3.27 3.3 , (product system): , , (3.1). 14044:2006, 3.28, 14040:2006, 3.28 3.4 (environmental aspect): , .
6、. 14001:2004, 3.6 3.5 (environmental performance): , (3.4). 3.6 (eco-efficiency): , (3.5) (3.3) (3.7) 3.7 (product system value): , (3.3). , , , . 3.8 (product system value indicator): , (3.7). : . 3.9 (eco-efficiency indicator): , (3.5) (3.3) (3.7). 3.10 (eco-efficiency profile): (3.6), (3.7). 3.11
7、 (weighting factor): , , , . 3.12 (sensitivity analysis): . , , , 14040:2006, 3.43 3.13 (uncertainty analysis): / , , . . 14040:2006, 3.33, / . 3.14 ; (unit process): , 14045 2014 3 , . 14040:2006, 3.34, . 3.15 (critical review): , (3.6), . 14040:2006, 3.45, . 3.16 (comparative eco-efficiency assertion): (3.6), (3.1) , . 14044 ( 3.6). 4 4.1 4.1.1 , , . 4.1.2 , , . . 4.1.3 . (. 1) . . 4.1.4 - , . 4.1.5 , . . 4.1.6 ,
