1、GPA Fractionation Grade Product Specifications Adopted as a Standard 2008 Revised 2014 Gas Processors Association 6526 East 60th Street Tulsa, Oklahoma 74145 GPA Standard 2108-14DISCLAIMER GPA publications necessarily address problems of a general nature and may be used by anyone desiring to do so.
2、Every effort has been made by GPA to assure accuracy and reliability of the information contained in its publications. With respect to particular circumstances, local, state, and federal laws and regulations should be reviewed. It is not the intent of GPA to assume the duties of employers, manufactu
3、rers, or suppliers to warn and properly train employees, or others exposed, concerning health and safety risks or precautions. GPA makes no representation, warranty, or guarantee in connection with this publication and hereby expressly disclaims any liability or responsibility for loss or damage res
4、ulting from its use or for the violation of any federal, state, or municipal regulation with which this publication may conflict, or for any infringement of letters of patent regarding apparatus, equipment, or method so covered. “Copyright2014 by Gas Processors Association. All rights reserved. No p
5、art of this Report may be reproduced without the written consent of the Gas Processors Association.” FOREWORD These specifications generally define physical properties and characteristics of natural gas liquids (NGLs) as a feedstock to and products from fractionation facilities which make them suita
6、ble for private, commercial, and industrial applications. These specifications do not purport to specifically define all possible requirements to meet all possible applications. Therefore the user is cautioned to exercise judgment in formulating final specifications for specific applications. The Ga
7、s Processors Association, its management, and supporting companies claim no specific knowledge of how manufacturers and users will produce, handle, store, transfer, or consume the products defined herein and therefore, are not responsible for any claims, causes of action, liabilities, losses, or exp
8、enses resulting from injury or death of persons and/or damage to property arising directly or indirectly from the use of NGLs or these specifications relating to NGLs. There are many uses for NGLs including refining, petrochemical, and heating. The seven NGL specifications represented by this standa
9、rd include a demethanized mix specification and fractionation grade specifications which include ethane, ethane-propane mix, propane, iso-butane, normal butane, and natural gasoline. All represented GPA member-company specifications were surveyed to find the common characteristics in establishing th
10、ese specifications. The demethanized mix specification has limits linked with the fractionation specifications regarding contamination issues which many facilities do not have processing equipment to mitigate. Examples include methane limits, corrosive materials (copper strip) and color contaminants
11、 (seybolt) which have demethanized mix limits provided. Other contaminant examples which do not have demethanized mix limits include olefins, halides, oxygenates, ammonia, caustics, acids, oils, anti-foulants, and amines which, if present have regional, contractual, or other limitations due to their
12、 negative impacts on downstream processes. The demethanized mix specification also provides a section of typical compositions based on member-company survey results which are provided for educational purposes only. Examples include typical concentration ranges for components such as ethane and propa
13、ne. Typical uses for fractionation grade NGLs include, but are not limited to: Ethane: Petrochemical, fuel. Ethane-Propane: Petrochemical. Propane: Petrochemical, refining, fuel. Butane: Petrochemical, refining. Isobutane: Petrochemical, refining. Natural Gasoline: Refining. The Gas Processors Assoc
14、iation (GPA) has two other published specifications or standards for natural gas liquid products. The first is the Liquefied Petroleum Gas Specifications and Test Methods (GPA Standard 2140-97). The second is the Natural Gasoline Specifications and Test Methods (GPA Standard 3132-84). The fractionat
15、ion grade propane specification is a very slight modification of the GPA 2140 HD-5 propane specification in that it eliminates the dryness test. The fractionation grade n-butane is a variation from the commercial butane specification in that it sets minimum n-butane limits and has lower vapor pressu
16、re limits. The fractionation grade natural gasoline specification is a modification of the GPA 3132-84 natural gasoline specification in that it contains limits on butanes, set a maximum vapor pressure, and does not specify grades of natural gasolines (Table provided in 3132). GPA specifications can
17、 be used throughout the industry to quickly identify a product to be “on” specification or “off” specification. Consistent specifications can be referenced in contractual agreements, environmental, safety and engineering publications. These specifications can be used as the foundation or starting po
18、int for participants needing more stringent or less stringent specifications. 1Product Characteristic Test Methods (Note 2) Fractionation Ethane Fractionation Ethane/ Propane FractionationPropane Fractionation Isobutane FractionationNormal Butane FractionationNatural Gasoline ANALYSIS:Liquid Volume
19、%Methane 3.0% max. 1.5% max. Ethane 95.0% min. 75% / 82% Ethylene 4.0% max. Propylene 1.0% max. 5.0% max. Propane 5.0% max. 11.5% / 25% 90.0% min. 3.0% max. ) 0.35% max.(1)Butane & Heavier 0.8% max. 2.5% max. Isobutane 95.0% min. 6.0% max. Normal Butane 4.0% max 94.0% min. 6.0% max. (4) Pentanes GPA
20、-2177GPA-2177 ASTM D-2163 ASTM D-2163 GPA-2177 GPA-2177 GPA-2177 GPA-2177 GPA-2177 1.5% max. Carbon Dioxide GPA-2177 1000 ppm wt. max. 1000 ppm wt. max. Total Sulfur-ppm wt. (maximum) ASTM D-6667 30 ppm wt. max. 123 ppm wt. max. 100 ppm wt. max. (3)140 ppm wt. max. 140 ppm wt. max Water content VISU
21、AL No Free Water No Free Water No Free Water No Free Water No Free Water No Free Water Vapor Pressure at 100 F ASTM D-1267 ASTM D-323 208 psig max. 70 psig max. 50 psig max. 14 RVP max. VOLATILE RESIDUE:Temperature 95 % evaporation ASTM D-1837 -37 F max. +16 F max. +36 F max. End Point ASTM D-86 375
22、 F max. RESIDUAL MATTER:Residue on evaporation of 100 ml, max. ASTM D-2158 0.05 ml Oil Stain Observation Pass Corrosion, Copper Strip, max. ASTM D-1838 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 No. 1 Doctor Test ASTM D-4952 Negative Color, Saybolt Number, min. ASTM D-156 +25 1. Propane and lighter are 0.35% max
23、.2. Test methods listed are typical. Equivalent or mutually agreeable methods may also be utilized.3. The 123 ppmw sulfur specification represents a total limit. Stenching could cause this limit to be exceeded. Based on this concern, the fractionation specification will be reducedto 100 ppmw max to
24、allow for stenching.4. Butanes and lighter.2Demethanized Mix Specification Product Characteristic (Note 1) Test Methods (Note 2) Demethanized Mix ANALYSIS:Liquid Volume %Methane (maximum) GPA 2177 1.8 LV% of C2 (Note 3) Ethane GPA 2177 See typical ranges Propane GPA 2177 See typical ranges Isobutane
25、 GPA 2177 See typical ranges Normal Butane GPA 2177 See typical ranges Pentanes Plus GPA 2177 See typical ranges Carbon Dioxide (maximum) GPA 2177 0.35 LV % of C2 Water content Visual No Free Water Vapor Pressure at 100 F, max 600 psig Volatile Residue End Point 14.7 psi (deg F max.)ASTM D1267 or AS
26、TM D6897 ASTM D86 375 Corrosion, Copper Strip,max. ASTM D1838 No. 1 Color, Saybolt Number, min. ASTM D156 (note4) +25 Total Sulfur (as S) ASTM D6667 (note 5) 1200 ppmw (note 6) 1. Contaminants such as olefins, halides, oxygenates, ammonia, caustics, acids, oils, anti-foulants, and amines which, ifpr
27、esent, may have regional, contractual, or other limitations due to their negative impacts on downstream processes. Nospecific limits are set for any of these contaminants in this standard.2. Test methods listed are typical. All referenced test methods should be latest revision or equivalent. Other m
28、utuallyagreeable methods may also be utilized.3. C2 and lighter.4. On gasoline fraction.5. Modified ASTM D6667 is required beyond current method limits.6. Most fractionators would not be able to process a total feed sulfur level this high although individual gas plants on agathering system might. Th
29、e specific contract should define limits.3Demethanized Mix Typical Compositions The following tables represent typical compositions for educational purposes only based on an industry survey. Compositions of C2 through C5+ can vary by gas field and gas plant processing. Both pipeline and truck/rail i
30、nformation is tabulated. No specification levels are implied. Pipeline Typicals Product Characteristic (Typical Based on Survey) Low High ANALYSIS:Liquid Volume %Ethane 1 65 Nitrogen ND 0.02 Propane 20 63 Isobutane 4 9 Normal Butane 8 25 Pentanes Plus 6 19 Truck/Rail Typicals Product Characteristic
31、(Typical Based on Survey) Low High ANALYSIS:Liquid Volume %1 25 n/a n/a 19 63 4 11 6 34 Ethane NitrogenPropaneIsobutaneNormal Butane Pentanes Plus 5 40 4GPA Standard 2108 History (Adoption and Revisions) 2008 Adopted as Tentative Standard 2008 Adopted as a Standard 2013 Revised and Reprinted 2014 Revised and Reprinted5
