1、 Recommendation ITU-R BT.1872(03/2010)User requirements for digital electronic news gatheringBT SeriesBroadcasting service(television)ii Rec. ITU-R BT.1872 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spe
2、ctrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunicatio
3、n Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent state
4、ments and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also a
5、vailable online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadcasting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satell
6、ite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing and coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signal
7、s and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2010 ITU 2010 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any me
8、ans whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-R BT.1872 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1872 User requirements for digital electronic news gathering (Question ITU-R 89/6) (2010) Scope This Recommendation deals with user requirements for broadcast auxiliary services (BAS). It contains typical
9、 operational requirements for digital TVOB, ENG and EFP, which may be used by administrations when planning usage of their fixed and mobile TVOB, ENG and EFP applications. The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that electronic news gathering (ENG), television outside broadcast (TVOB) an
10、d electronic field production (EFP) are more generically referred to as SAP (services ancillary to programme making) and broadcast auxiliary services (BAS); b) that some administrations have implemented television SAP/BAS applications in SDTV and HDTV modes which have varying bandwidth requirements;
11、 c) that SAP/BAS applications are required to operate in many parts of the world, and in locations where events of national, regional and international importance may occur; d) that coverage produced by SAP/BAS applications must be delivered to the appropriate network facility, which is often remote
12、 from the area where the BAS applications operate; e) that delivery of SAP/BAS coverage may be effected, depending on circumstances: by physical delivery of recorded media; by transmission of the signal over portable microwave links; and by injection of the signal in a switched telecommunication net
13、work; f) that the user requirements specific to SAP/BAS operations in terms of: received picture quality; received sound quality; number of sound channels; transmission channel bandwidth and reliability; equipment size and weight; and talkback facilities, etc., are often different from those that ap
14、ply to normal sound and television broadcasting contribution transmissions, and they are often specific to the operating environment of SAP/BAS in a serviced or originating administration; g) that such user requirements are generally independent of the delivery method used, 2 Rec. ITU-R BT.1872 noti
15、ng a) that Report ITU-R BT.2069 Spectrum usage and operational characteristics of terrestrial electronic news gathering (ENG), television outside broadcast (TVOB) and electronic field production (EFP) systems, provides specifications for BAS; b) that Recommendation ITU-R F.1777 System characteristic
16、s of television outside broadcast, electronic news gathering and electronic field production in the fixed service for use in sharing studies, provides user requirements for BAS in the fixed service; c) that Recommendation ITU-R M.1824 System characteristics of television outside broadcast, electroni
17、c news gathering and electronic field production in the mobile service for use in sharing studies, provides operational characteristics for BAS in the mobile service, recognizing a) that some administrations operate extensive terrestrial SAP/BAS under fixed service operations; b) that some administr
18、ations operate extensive terrestrial SAP/BAS under mobile service operations; c) that some administrations have extended SAP/BAS to airborne and seaborne applications; d) that SAP/BAS applications have been increasingly linked to emergency and disaster relief situations and global circulation of rad
19、iocommunication equipment, taking into account Recommendation ITU-R M.1637, recommends 1 that the description of the user requirements and key characteristics for digital HDTV/SDTV transmissions in the fixed and mobile services of digital terrestrial BAS in Annex 1 should be referred to by administr
20、ations when considerations are made toward interoperability and harmonization of SAP/BAS operational practices. Annex 1 User requirements for digital electronic news gathering The user requirements for digital ENG are provided for the information of administrations seeking to operate services ancill
21、ary to broadcasting when considerations are made toward interoperability and harmonization for the operation of BAS within one administration which may extend to another administration. Table 1 provides user requirements and technical parameters in terms of basic video and audio quality for transmis
22、sion of digital HDTV/SDTV using ENG systems. Table 2 provides user requirements and the example of technical parameters for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV using ENG systems when assigned in the fixed service. Table 3 provides user requirements and the example of technical parameters for transmiss
23、ion of digital HDTV/SDTV using ENG systems when assigned in the mobile service. Whilst in practice a range of operating parameters may be employed, these examples provide an indication of current system parameters. Rec. ITU-R BT.1872 3 TABLE 1 User requirements and technical parameters in terms of b
24、asic video and audio quality for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV signals Item User requirements Technical parameters Basic video signal quality Degradation of picture quality 12% with DSCQS method as specified in Rec. ITU-R BT.1868. (See also Rec. ITU-R BT.1203) HDTV: Video bit rate for 3 codecs i
25、n tandem: 52 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 13818-2| ITU-T Rec. H.262, 4:2:2PHL) 35 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 14496-10 | ITU-T Rec. H.264, Level 4/ High 4:2:2, see Report ITU-R BT.2069) Video bit rate for single codec: 21 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 14496-10 | ITU-T Rec. H.264 Level 4/ High 4:2:2, see Report ITU-R BT.
26、2069) SDTV: Video bit rate: 15 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 13818-2| ITU-T Rec. H.262, 4:2:2PML with long-GOP) Video bit rate: 10 Mbit/s (using ISO/IEC 14496-10 | ITU-T Rec. H.264, Level 3/High 4:2:2) Basic sound signal quality Audio quality 4.5 in the impairment 5 scale as specified in Rec. ITU-R BS.1548.
27、 Comparable to uncompressed Linear PCM (48 kHz, 16 bit/ch). Uncompressed 768 kbit/s per channel MPEG-1 layer II 250 kbit/s per channel MPEG-4 HE-AAC v2 with 96 kbit/s per channel 4 Rec. ITU-R BT.1872 TABLE 2 User requirements and the example of technical parameters for transmission of digital HDTV/S
28、DTV signals in the fixed service Item User requirements Example of technical parameters Latency As short delay as possible 500 ms Transmission bandwidth 8 MHz, 9 MHz, 18 MHz and 24 MHz See Rec. ITU-R F.1777 Transmission power 1.76-7 dBW Frequency 6-7 GHz, 10 GHz and 13 GHz bands Antenna Tx 0.6 m dis
29、h Transmission distance: 6-7 GHz: 50-100 km (depending on necessary margin) 10 GHz: 7 km (with necessary rain margin) 13 GHz: 5 km (with necessary rain margin) Rx 0.6 m dish Modulation Multi-QAM (16, 32, 64); QPSK-OFDM See Rec. ITU-R F.1777 Transmission capacity To support all the above transmission
30、 parameters Up to 66 Mbit/s (depending on bandwidth and modulation, see Rec. ITU-R F.1777) Environmental reliability System should be reliable in all possible environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, etc.) Temperature: 0 to 50 C (outdoor units) 5 to 45 C (indoor units) Relative humidity: 95%
31、 non condensing Ease of alignment System should have built-in facility to generate certain test signals Colour bar generator with 16 character identity Size and weight Small in size and light in weight for easy and quick operationalization Recording media Should have facility to record using all acc
32、epted media types Tapes; DVDs; Blu Ray discs and hard discs Rec. ITU-R BT.1872 5 TABLE 3 User requirements and the example of technical parameters for transmission of digital HDTV/SDTV signals in the mobile service Item User requirements Example of technical parameters Latency As short delay as poss
33、ible 500 ms Transmission bandwidth 9 MHz, 18 MHz, 27 MHz and 80 MHz See Rec. ITU-R M.1824 UHF Transmission power 7 dBW Transmission distance: 4 km Frequency 800 MHz band Tx antenna Co-linear Rx antenna Yagi Microwave Transmission power 4 dBW, 7 dBW Transmission distance: 4 km Frequency 6-7 GHz, 10 G
34、Hz and 13 GHz bands Tx antenna Horn, parabolic, helix Rx antenna 0.3 m dish Airborne Tx antenna 0.2 m dish Transmission distance: 6-7 GHz: 50-65 km (depending on necessary margin)10 GHz: 7 km (with necessary rain margin) 13 GHz: 5 km (with necessary rain margin) Rx antenna 1.2 m dish Modulation Mult
35、i-QAM (16, 32, 64), QPSK-OFDM See Rec. ITU-R M.1824 Transmission capacity To support all the above transmission parameters Up to 60 Mbit/s (depending on bandwidth and modulation, see Rec. ITU-R M.1824) Environmental reliability System should be reliable in all possible environmental conditions (temp
36、erature, humidity etc.) Temperature: 0 to 50 C (outdoor units) 5 to 45 C (indoor units) Relative humidity: 95% non condensing Ease of alignment System should have built-in facility to generate certain test signals for ease of alignment process Colour bar generator with 16 character identity Size and weight Small in size and light in weight for easy and quick operationalization
