1、1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M . 1225 GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION OF RADIO TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMT-2000 (Question IT-R 3918) (1997) CONTENTS Page Introduction Scope Structure of the Recommendation Related documents . Radio transmission technology considerations 5.1 Radio transmissi
2、on technologies functional blocks 5.1.1 Multiple access technology . 5.1.2 Modulation technology . 5.1.3 Channel coding and interleaving . 5.1.4 Duplexing technology . 5.1.5 Physical channel structure and multiplexing . 5.1.6 Frame stnicture . 5.1.7 RF channel parameters 5.2 Other functional blocks
3、. 5.2.1 Source coder . 5.2.2 Interworking Technical characteristics chosen for evaluation . 6.1 Criteria for evaluation of radio transmission technologies . 6.1.1 Spectrum efficiency 6.1.2 6.1.3 Quality 6.1.4 Flexibility of radio technologies . 6.1.5 Implication on network interface 6.1.6 6.1.7 Cove
4、ragelpower efficiency . Selected test environments for evaluation Guidelines for evaluathg the radio transmission technologies by independent evaluation groups . Evaluation methodology 9.1 Objective criteria 9.2 Subjective criteria . 9.3 Evaluation spreadsheet . 9.4 Summary evaluations Technology co
5、mplexity - Effect on cost of installation and operation . Handportable performance optimization capability 9.4.1 Methodology for summary criteria evaluations 174 174 175 175 176 178 178 178 178 178 178 179 179 179 179 179 179 179 179 180 180 180 180 181 181 181 181 183 184 184 184 185 185 COPYRIGHT
6、International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTDOITU-R RECMN M=L225-ENGL 3997 m 4855232 0532466 243 m 174 Rec. ITU-R M.1225 Page 185 194 216 220 222 Annex 1 - Radio transmission technologies description template Annex 2 - Test environments an
7、d deployment models . Appendix 1 to Annex 2 - Propagation models Appendix 2 to Annex 2 - Computation of Doppler shift for satellites Annex 3 - Detailed evaluation procedures 1 Introduction International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) are third generation mobile systems which are scheduled
8、 to start service around the year 2000 subject to market considerations. They will provide access, by means of one or more radio links, to a wide range of telecommunication services supported by the fixed telecommunication networks (e.g. PSTNASDN), and to other services which are specific to mobile
9、users. A range of mobile terminal types is encompassed, linking to terrestrial and/or satellite based networks, and the terminals may be designed for mobile or fixed use. Key features of IMT-2000 are: - - - high quality, - IMT-2000 will operate worldwide in bands identified by Radio Regulations prov
10、ision No. S5.388 (i 885-2025 and 2 110-2200 MHz, with the satellite component limited to 1 980-2010 and 2 170-2 200 MHz). IMT-2000 are defined by a set of interdependent IT Recommendations, of which this Recommendation is a member. high degree of commonality of design worldwide, compatibility of ser
11、vices within IMT-2000 and with the fixed networks, use of a small pocket terminal with worldwide roaming capability. It is a design objective of IMT-2000 that the number of radio interfaces should be minimal and, if more than one interface is required, that there should be a high degree of commonali
12、ty between them. These radio interfaces will serve the radio operating environments as nominated in Recommendation IT-R M.1034. A number of sets of radio transmission technologies (SRTTs) may meet the requirements for the radio interfaces. This Recommendation contains the procedure and criteria that
13、 will be used to evaluate candidate radio transmission technologies (RTTs). The subject matter of IMT-2000 is complex and its representation in the form of Recommendations is evolving. To maintain the pace of progress on the subject it is necessary to produce a sequence of Recommendations on a varie
14、ty of aspects. The recommendations strive to avoid apparent conflicts between themselves. Nevertheless, future Recommendations, or revisions, will be used to resolve any discrepancies. 2 Scope This Recommendation provides guidelines for both the procedure and the criteria to be used in evaluating RT
15、Ts for a number of test environments. These test environments, defined herein, are chosen to simulate closely the more stringent radio operating environments. The evaluation procedure is designed in such a way that the impact of the candidate RTTs on the overall performance and economics of IMT-2000
16、 may be fairly and equally assessed on a technical basis. It ensures that the overall IMT-2000 objectives are met. The Recommendation provides, for proponents and developers of RTTs, the common bases for the submission and evaluation of RTTs and system aspects impacting the radio performance. COPYRI
17、GHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling Services_ _ STD-ITU-R RECMN M=L225-ENGL 1997 4855212 05324b7 LBT Rec. LTU-R M.1225 175 This Recommendation allows a degree of freedom so as to encompass new technologies. The actual selection of the RT
18、Ts for IMT-2000 is outside the scope of this Recommendation. It deals only with the methodology for the technical evaluations that should be performed. The results of the evaluation are to be documented in an evaluation report and submitted to the ITU-R. 3 Structure of the Recommendation Section 5 o
19、utlines the RTT considerations and identifies the transmission dependent part of the radio interface considered in the evaluation procedure. Section 6 defines the criteria for evaluating the RTTs and 5 7 references the tests environments under which the candidate RTTs are evaluated. Section 8 outlin
20、es the overall procedure for evaluating the RTs. Section 9 gives details on evaluation methodology. The following Annexes form part of this Recommendation: Annex 1 : Annex 2: Annex 3: Detailed evaluation procedures Radio transmission technologies description template Test environments and deployment
21、 models 4 Related Documents Recommendation ITU-R M.687 Recommendation ITU-R M.816 Recommendation ITU-R M.818 Recommendation ITU-R M.819 Recommendation ITU-R M. 1034 Recommendation ITU-R M.1035 Recommendation ITU-R M. 1036 Recommendation ITU-R M. 1079 Recommendation ITU-R M. 1224. ITU-T Recommendatio
22、n G.174 ITU-T Recommendation F. 1 1.5 Recommendation ITU-R M. 1167 ITU-T Recommendation E.770 ITU-T Recommendation E.771 International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) Framework for services supported on International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) Satellite operation within Inte
23、rnational Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) for developing countries Requirements for the radio interface) for International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) Framework for the radio interfaces and radio subsystem functionality
24、for International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) Spectrum considerations for implementation of International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) in the bands 1 885-2 025 MHz and 2 110-2 200 MHz Speech and voiceband data performance requirements for International Mobile Telecommunica
25、tions-2000 (IMT-2000) Vocabulary of terms for International Mobile Telecommunications- Transmission performance objectives for terrestrial digital wireless systems using portable terminals to access the PSTN Service objectives and principles for Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems (F
26、PLMTS) Framework for the satellite component of International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT-2000) Land mobile and fixed network interconnection traffic grade of service concept Network grade of service parameters and target values for circuit- switched public land mobile services 2000 (IMT-200
27、0) COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling Services5 Radio transmission technology considerations Within a telecommunication system (see Fig. l), a RTT reflects the combination of technical choices and concepts that allow for the provi
28、sion of a radio subsystem. The evaluation process for candidate IMT-2 RTTs will involve maximizing the transmission independent aspects and minimizing the differences between the remaining transmission dependent parts in the various IMT-2000 operating environments from an implementation perspective.
29、 FIGURE 1 Radio transmission technologies as part of a total telecommunication system Environment, market and regulations Telecommunication system Customer care transmission technology infrastructure Market impact, measurable performance, customers perception, environment impact I I Radio transmissi
30、on technology Frame structure parameters technology structure and COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTDmITU-R RECMN M.bZ25-ENGL 1997 m 4855222 0532469 T52 m Rec. ITU-R M.1225 177 Figure 2 presents an example of a layered
31、structure of radio interface. FIGURE 2 Example of a layered structure of radio interface Network layer containing: call control, mobility management, Layer 3 radio resource management Link access control layer Il 11 Transmission independent Transmission dependent As shown in Fig. 3, the transmission
32、 dependent pari of the radio interface may be considered as a set of functional blocks. It should be noted that all these functional blocks are not necessarily transmission dependent in their entirety. The functional blocks identified here are the following: - multiple access technology, - modulatio
33、n technology, - channel coding and interleaving, - - duplexing technology, - frame structure, - RF-channel parameters each optimized to the appropriate service environment. 5.1.4 Duplexing technolbgy The choice of the duplexing technology mainly affects the choices of the RF-channel bandwidth and th
34、e frame length. Duplexing technology may be independent of the access technology since for example either frequency division duplex (FDD) or time division duplex (TDD) may be used with either TDMA or CDMA systems. 5.1.5 Physical channel structure and multiplexing The physical channel is a specified
35、portion of one or more radio frequency channels as defined in frequency, time and code domain. COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTDDITU-R RECMN M.3225-ENGL 3997 4855212 0532473 600 Rec. ITU-R M.1225 179 5.1.6 Frame struc
36、ture The frame structure depends mainly on the multiple access technology (e.g. FDMA, TDMA, CDMA) and the duplexing technology (e.g. FDD, TDD). Commonality should be maximised by maintaining the same frame structure whenever possible. That is, data fields identifying physical and logical channels, a
37、s well as the frame length should be maintained when possible. 5.1.7 RF channel parameters FW channel parameters include parameters such as bandwidth, allocation and channel spacing. 5.2 Other functional blocks 5.2.1 Source coder The choice of the source coder may generally be made independently of
38、the access method. 5.2.2 Interworking The interworking function (IWF) converts standard data services to the rates used internally by the radio transmission subsystem. The IWF feeds into the channel coder on the transmit side and is fed from the channel decoder on the receiver side. 6 Technical char
39、acteristics chosen for evaluation As a radio interface is only one part of a system, the choice of a specific RTT (see Fig. I), for the provision of a radio interface for IMT-2000, requires consideration of the broad technical characteristics so as to cover the most important aspects that may impact
40、 the economics and performance of the system. For practical reasons, a limited set of these technical Characteristics has been chosen. It by no means implies that other (technical and non-technical) criteria are not relevant or significant. It is however believed that those essential system aspects
41、which are impacted by the RTs are fairly covered with the selected technical characteristics. Given the difficulties of predicting the future, in particular when dealing with technology, sufficient provision is also made for a fair technical evaluation for all possible technologies, particularly new
42、 technologies. This is accomplished by making sure that it is not only the technology itself which is evaluated but also its impact on the system performance and economics. 6.1 Criteria for evaluation of radio transmission technologies Each of the technical characteristics defined hereafter will be
43、used as evaluation criterion and is further defined in the specific technical attributes in Annex 3. The RTTs description template is given in Annex 1. Some of the criteria such as coverage or spectrum efficiency are measurable and may be numerically evaluated. Specific test scenarios are given in A
44、nnex 2 so as to enable the proponents and evaluators to calculate and verify the required figures on a common and fair basis. Other criteria such as flexibility are of a more subjective nature and need to be assessed qualitatively. Advantages and drawbacks of the proposed, technologies are to be giv
45、en and commented on by the proponents and evaluators considering the technical parameters that are judged relevant to the criterion. A list of technical parameters that will be considered for each evaluation criterion, is given in Annex 3. 6.1.1 Spectrum efficiency Optimum use of the radio spectrum
46、is of great importance to MT-2000 radio interfaces. In general the more telecommunications traffic that can be handled at a given quality, for a given frequency band, the more efficiently the spectrum is used. Evaluation of voice traffic capacity and information capacity should take into account fre
47、quency reuse and signalling overhead, among other parameters, as noted in Annex 2. COPYRIGHT International Telecommunications Union/ITU RadiocommunicationsLicensed by Information Handling ServicesSTD*ITU-R RECMN M.1225-ENGL 1997 W 4855212 0532472 547 = 180 Rec. ITU-R M.1225 6.1.2 Technology complexi
48、ty - Effect on cost of instailation and operation This criterion expresses the impact of a given RTT on complexity (and hence on cost) of implementation (equipment, infrastructure, installation, etc.) Le., the less complex the better. In order to achieve the minimum cost and best reliability of equi
49、pment, the technologies selected should have a level of Complexity consistent with the state of technology, the desired service objectives and the radio environment. Some technologies have several possible methods of implementation which allow a compromise between complexity/cost and performance. The installed and ongoing cost of IMT-2000 is influenced by both the transmission technology and the level of quality and reliability. At a given quality level, it is impacted by the complexity of the radio hardware, the other necessary network infrastructures, and the ongoing op
