1、 Recommendation ITU-R M 2116-0 (01/2018) Technical characteristics and protection criteria for the aeronautical mobile service systems operating within the 4 400-4 990 MHz frequency range M Series Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services ii Rec. ITU-R M.2116-0 Foreword The
2、role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure the rational, equitable, efficient and economical use of the radio-frequency spectrum by all radiocommunication services, including satellite services, and carry out studies without limit of frequency range on the basis of which Recommendations are
3、adopted. The regulatory and policy functions of the Radiocommunication Sector are performed by World and Regional Radiocommunication Conferences and Radiocommunication Assemblies supported by Study Groups. Policy on Intellectual Property Right (IPR) ITU-R policy on IPR is described in the Common Pat
4、ent Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC referenced in Annex 1 of Resolution ITU-R 1. Forms to be used for the submission of patent statements and licensing declarations by patent holders are available from http:/www.itu.int/ITU-R/go/patents/en where the Guidelines for Implementation of the Common Patent
5、Policy for ITU-T/ITU-R/ISO/IEC and the ITU-R patent information database can also be found. Series of ITU-R Recommendations (Also available online at http:/www.itu.int/publ/R-REC/en) Series Title BO Satellite delivery BR Recording for production, archival and play-out; film for television BS Broadca
6、sting service (sound) BT Broadcasting service (television) F Fixed service M Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services P Radiowave propagation RA Radio astronomy RS Remote sensing systems S Fixed-satellite service SA Space applications and meteorology SF Frequency sharing an
7、d coordination between fixed-satellite and fixed service systems SM Spectrum management SNG Satellite news gathering TF Time signals and frequency standards emissions V Vocabulary and related subjects Note: This ITU-R Recommendation was approved in English under the procedure detailed in Resolution
8、ITU-R 1. Electronic Publication Geneva, 2018 ITU 2018 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-R M.2116-0 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.2116-0 Technical characteristics and protection criteria for the aeronaut
9、ical mobile service systems operating within the 4 400-4 990 MHz frequency range (2018) Scope This Recommendation provides information on the technical characteristics and protection criteria for systems operating in the aeronautical mobile service (AMS) planned to or currently operating within the
10、frequency range 4 400-4 990 MHz for use in sharing and compatibility studies as needed and does not contain any aeronautical mobile telemetry system. Keywords Aeronautical mobile service, technical characteristics, protection criteria Abbreviations/Glossary ADL Aeronautical mobile service data link
11、AMS Aeronautical mobile service The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that systems and networks operating in the aeronautical mobile service (AMS) are used for broadband, airborne data-links to support remote sensing, e.g. earth sciences, land management, energy distribution, etc., app
12、lications; b) that systems and networks operating in AMS are also used for narrow-band, airborne data-links; c) that the physics of the propagation of electromagnetic energy, the availability of hardware components, etc., within the 4 400-4 990 MHz frequency range facilitates the use of current or p
13、lanned operating systems and networks for such applications, recognizing a) that the frequency range 4 400-4 990 MHz is allocated on a primary basis in all three ITU regions to the mobile service; b) that other radio services are allocated on either a primary or secondary basis in all or parts of th
14、e frequency range 4 400-4 990 MHz all three ITU regions; c) that the RR No. 5.442 provides some restrictions for the use of AMS in parts of the frequency band; d) that technical characteristics and protection criteria for aeronautical mobile telemetry systems are not contained in this Recommendation
15、, recommends 1 that the technical characteristics and protection criteria for systems operating in the AMS given in the Annex 1 should be used in performing sharing and compatibility analyses. 2 Rec. ITU-R M.2116-0 2 that the following Note is considered as part of this Recommendation. NOTE The char
16、acteristics and protection criteria should not have any adverse effect to Appendix 30B of the Radio Regulations Annex 1 Technical characteristics and protection criteria 1 Introduction Systems and networks operating in the AMS are used for broadband, airborne data-links to support remote sensing, et
17、c., applications. 2 Operational deployment Aeronautical mobile data links are operated between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations equipped with AMS data links (ADL) and can be deployed anywhere within a country whose administration has authorized their use in a
18、ccordance with regulations. ADL includes transmission from and to, either aircraft stations or a ground terminal considered as an aeronautical station. These transmissions could use bidirectional air-to-ground links, or relay through another airborne platform using an air-to-air data link. Links can
19、 be either simplex or duplex. The link lengths vary greatly in these applications. Although some of the link lengths may be relatively short, many of the link lengths approach the radio line-of-sight distance. The operational altitude of airborne platforms equipped with these ADLs can vary up to 20
20、000 m. The ground terminals may be at a permanent location or they may be transportable. Transportable ground terminals can be moved to meet operational needs and the duration of use while it remains at a particular location is dependent upon operational requirements. A single ground terminal may si
21、multaneously support several aircraft stations at the same time via different links. 3 Technical characteristics of aeronautical mobile systems Typical technical characteristics for representative airborne data links for the frequency range 4 400-4 990 MHz are provided in Table 1. 3.1 Transmitter an
22、d receiver characteristics The aeronautical mobile systems operating or planned to operate within the frequency range 4 400-4 990 MHz typically use digital modulations. A given transmitter may be capable of radiating more than one waveform. 3.2 Antenna characteristics A variety of different types of
23、 antennas are used by systems in the frequency range 4 400-4 990 MHz. Antennas in this range are generally of a variety of sizes and vary between the airborne component of the link and the ground based component of the link. The airborne antenna Rec. ITU-R M.2116-0 3 gains are typically between +3 d
24、Bi and 19 dBi. The ground based antenna gain is typically between 3 dBi and 31 dBi. Horizontal, and vertical polarizations could be used. Antenna characteristics available in the Table 1 should be used for studies unless measured data is available. 4 Protection criteria An increase in receiver effec
25、tive noise of 1 dB would result in significant degradation in communication range. Such an increase in effective receiver noise level corresponds to an (I + N)/N ratio of 1.26, or an I/N ratio of about 6 dB. This represents the required protection criterion for the AMS systems referenced herein from
26、 interference due to another radiocommunication service. If multiple potential interference sources are present, protection of the AMS systems requires that this criterion is not exceeded due to the aggregate interference from the multiple sources. 4 Rec. ITU-R M.2116-0 TABLE 1 Typical technical cha
27、racteristics of representative aeronautical mobile service systems operated in the frequency range 4 400-4 990 MHz Parameter Units System 1 Airborne System 1 Ground System 2 Airborne System 2 Ground Transmitter Tuning range MHz 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) Power output
28、 dBm 45 45 35-39 30-39 Bandwidth (3 dB) MHz 1 1 6 / 10 / 20 6 / 10 / 20 Receiver Tuning range MHz 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) Selectivity (3 dB) MHz 1 1 6 / 10 / 20 6 / 10 / 20 Noise figure dB 3.5 3 3.5 3 Thermal noise level dBm 110.5 111 102.5 to 97.5 103 to 98 Anten
29、na Antenna type Omnidirectional Omni-directional Directional Omnidirectional Omni-directional Directional Antenna gain dBi 3 3 19 31 3 6 19 31 1st sidelobe dBi N/A(2) N/A(2) 6 11 N/A(2) N/A(2) 6 11 Polarization Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Antenna pattern N/A(2) N/A(2) Unifo
30、rm distribution(3) N/A(2) N/A(2) Uniform distribution(3) Horizontal beamwidth Degrees 360 360 16 3.3 360 360 16 3.3 Vertical beamwidth Degrees 90 90 16 3.3 90 90 16 3.3 Rec. ITU-R M.2116-0 5 TABLE 1 (continued) Parameter Units System 3 Airborne System 3 Ground System 4 Airborne System 4 Ground Trans
31、mitter Tuning range MHz 4 400-4 940(1) 4 400-4 940(1) 4 400-4 940(1) 4 400-4 940(1) Power output dBm 42-50 42 43 37 Bandwidth (3 dB) MHz 0.158 / 0.97 / 1.23 / 4.0 0.158 / 0.97 / 1.23 / 4.0 0.158 / 2.4 / 4.8 / 9.6 0.158 / 2.4 / 4.8 / 9.6 Receiver Tuning range MHz 4 400-4 940(1) 4 400-4 940(1) 4 400-4
32、 940(1) 4 400-4 940(1) Selectivity (3 dB) MHz 0.2 / 1 / 1.5 / 4.5 0.2 / 1 / 1.5 / 4.5 0.2 / 2.6 / 5.0 / 10 0.2 / 2.6 / 5.0 / 10 Noise figure dB 2.5 2.5 2.5 3 Thermal noise level dBm 118.5 to 105.0 118.5 to 105.0 118.5 to 101.5 118 to 101 Antenna Antenna type Omni-directional Directional Omni-directi
33、onal Directional Omni-directional Directional Omni-directional Directional Antenna gain dBi 3.5 16 3 30 4.5 16 4 30 1st sidelobe dBi N/A(2) 9 N/A(2) 17 N/A(2) 9 N/A(2) 17 Polarization Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Antenna pattern N/A(2) Uniform distribution(
34、3) N/A(2) Uniform distribution(3) N/A(2) Uniform distribution(3) N/A(2) Uniform distribution(3) Horizontal beamwidth degrees 360 33 360 4.4 360 33 360 4.4 Vertical beamwidth degrees 35 33 40 4.4 35 33 60 4.4 6 Rec. ITU-R M.2116-0 TABLE 1 (end) Parameter Units System 5 Airborne System 5 Ground Transm
35、itter Tuning range MHz 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) Power output dBm 45 45 Bandwidth (3 dB) MHz 0.4 / 3 / 8.5 0.4 / 3 / 8.5 Receiver Tuning range MHz 4 400-4 990(1) 4 400-4 990(1) Selectivity (3 dB) MHz 0.4 / 3 / 17 0.4 / 3 / 17 Noise figure dB 3.5 3.5 Thermal noise level dBm 114.5 to 98 114.5 to 9
36、8 Antenna Antenna type Omni-directional Directional Omni-directional Directional Antenna gain dBi 3 19 3 19 31 1st sidelobe dBi N/A(2) 6 N/A(2) 6 11 Polarization Vertical Vertical Vertical Vertical Antenna pattern N/A(2) Uniform distribution(3) N/A(2) Uniform distribution(3) Horizontal beamwidth degrees 360 16 360 16 3.3 Vertical beamwidth degrees 90 16 360 16 3.3 Notes: (1) RR No. 5.442 applies. (2) N/A Not applicable. (3) Refer to Recommendation ITU-R M.1851. In the Table “-“ means range of values, and “/” means discrete values.
