1、 I n t e r n a t i o n a l T e l e c o m m u n i c a t i o n U n i o n ITU-T K.119 TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (12/2016) SERIES K: PROTECTION AGAINST INTERFERENCE Conformance assessment of radio base stations regarding lightning protection and earthing Recommendation ITU-T K.119
2、Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/2016) i Recommendation ITU-T K.119 Conformance assessment of radio base stations regarding lightning protection and earthing Summary Recommendation ITU-T K.119 provides the technical requirements and measurement methods to assess the validity and reliability of the lightning pro
3、tection and earthing system of radio base stations (RBSs). It focuses on the quality control in the process of construction, acceptance, inspection and maintenance. Normally, the conformance assessment is carried out during and immediately after the construction period and it results in the commissi
4、oning of the installation to start its operation. Routine inspections are scheduled in order to assure the maintenance of the lightning protection and earthing characteristics, during the operation life of the installation. Depending on the function and installation location, the lightning protectio
5、n system of an RBS can be partitioned into 4 parts which consist of an air-termination and down conductor system, earthing system, equipotential bonding network and surge protective devices (SPDs). The conformance assessment is directed to these parts, and may consist in visual inspection, measureme
6、nt, analysis and other applicable methods. The assessment requirements of each part for commissioning and routine inspections are presented in clauses 8 to 11 separately. In addition, management rules are introduced in clause 12, which are effective for conformance maintenance during the operation l
7、ife of the RBS. History Edition Recommendation Approval Study Group Unique ID* 1.0 ITU-T K.119 2016-12-14 5 11.1002/1000/13135 Keywords Assessment, conformance, earthing, lightning protection, radio base station. * To access the Recommendation, type the URL http:/handle.itu.int/ in the address field
8、 of your web browser, followed by the Recommendations unique ID. For example, http:/handle.itu.int/11.1002/1000/11830-en. ii Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/2016) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information an
9、d communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide ba
10、sis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Reso
11、lution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration
12、 and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure, e.g., interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions ar
13、e met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTSITU draws attention to the pos
14、sibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the
15、 Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest infor
16、mation and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/2016) iii Table of Conte
17、nts Page 1 Scope . 1 2 References . 1 3 Definitions 1 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 1 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation . 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 2 6 General 2 6.1 Commissioning . 3 6.2 Routine inspection 3 7 Constitution of the lightning protection and earthing system of
18、 RBSs 4 8 Air-termination and down conductor system . 5 8.1 Requirements for commissioning . 6 8.2 Requirements for routine inspections . 6 9 Earthing system 6 9.1 Requirements for commissioning . 7 9.2 Requirements for routine inspections . 8 10 Equipotential bonding network . 9 10.1 Requirements f
19、or commissioning . 9 10.2 Requirements for routine inspections . 11 11 Requirements for surge protective devices (SPDs) 12 11.1 Requirements for commissioning . 12 11.2 Requirements for routine inspections . 12 12 Management of the conformance assessment . 13 12.1 File management 13 12.2 Interval of
20、 routine inspections 13 Appendix I Test of the DC parameters of MOV SPDs . 14 I.1 Test apparatus . 14 I.2 Test method 14 I.3 Evaluation criteria 15 Bibliography. 17 Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/2016) 1 Recommendation ITU-T K.119 Conformance assessment of radio base stations regarding lightning protection an
21、d earthing 1 Scope This Recommendation provides the technical requirements and measurement methods to assess the validity and reliability of the lightning protection and earthing system of radio base stations (RBS). It focuses on the quality control of the processes of construction, acceptance, insp
22、ection and maintenance. The detailed requirements for the lightning protection of RBSs are provided by ITU-T K.56, ITU-T K.112 and their references. 2 References The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions o
23、f this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and
24、other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does not give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T K.56 Recommendation ITU-T K.56 (2010), Protection of ra
25、dio base stations against lightning discharges. ITU-T K.111 Recommendation ITU-T K.111 (2015), Protection of surrounding structures of telecommunication towers against lightning. ITU-T K.112 Recommendation ITU-T K.112 (2015), Lightning protection, earthing and bonding: practical procedures for radio
26、 base stations. IEC 61643-11 IEC 61643-11 (2010), Low-voltage surge protective devices Part 11: Surge protective devices connected to low-voltage power systems Requirements and test methods. IEC 61643-21 IEC 61643-21 (2012), Low voltage surge protective devices Part 21: Surge protective devices conn
27、ected to telecommunications and signalling networks Performance requirements and testing methods. IEC 62305-3 IEC 62305-3 (2010), Protection against lightning Part 3: Physical damage to structures and life hazard. 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere The definitions contained in the references
28、apply to this Recommendation. Some of them are reproduced here for convenience. 3.1.1 earth conductor b-ITU-T Handbook: A conductor or group of conductors connecting the earth electrode to the earth collector. In the case of partly buried connections, this definition is valid only for the sections w
29、hich are electrically insulated from the ground, the sections in contact with the ground forming part of the earth electrode. 2 Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/2016) 3.1.2 earthing network ITU-T K.112: The part of an earthing installation that is restricted to the earth electrodes and their interconnections. 3
30、.1.3 one-port SPD b-IEC 61643-11: SPD having no intended series impedance. NOTE A one port SPD may have separate input and output connections. 3.1.4 two-port SPD b-IEC 61643-11: SPD having a specific series impedance connected between separate input and output connections. 3.2 Terms defined in this
31、Recommendation This Recommendation defines the following terms: 3.2.1 commissioning: Acceptance of the whole installation that is carried out when all the work has been finished and the installation complies with the design criteria. 3.2.2 final inspection: Inspection that is carried out when all th
32、e work has been finished. 3.2.3 follow-up inspection: Inspection performed during the construction work in order to verify the compliance of the installation with the design criteria. NOTE Follow-up inspection is normally required for parts of the installation that are not accessible afterwards (e.g
33、., earthing network). 3.2.4 routine inspection: Inspection that is carried out at regular intervals during the operational life of the installation. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations and acronyms: AC Alternating Current DC Direct Current LPL Lightning
34、Protection Level MET Main Earthing Terminal MOV Metal Oxide Varistor RBS Radio Base Station SPD Surge Protective Device 5 Conventions None. 6 General In order to ensure the validity and reliability of the lightning protection and earthing system, its assessment and maintenance should be carried out
35、throughout the entire lifetime of the radio base station. According to the different requirements during the construction period and the operation period, the assessment can be divided into two categories: commissioning and routine inspections. Effective management procedures also have to be impleme
36、nted for conformance assessment, such as documentation management and a periodic inspection schedule. Moreover, the conformance assessment shall be implemented by skilled professionals and the measuring equipment (e.g., earthing resistance meter) shall have a valid calibration. Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/
37、2016) 3 6.1 Commissioning During the construction period, a systemic assessment should be performed to ensure that the lightning protection and earthing system satisfies the requirements of design, which is regarded as the acceptance of the project. The follow-up inspection shall be applied to the c
38、oncealed works (e.g., embedded electrodes). After the installation, a final inspection shall be exerted for all the components. The primary aspects needed to be considered for commissioning an RBS include: the installation shall conform to the project requirements; the applied materials and devices
39、are in good condition and capable of performing their designed functions; the construction technology and quality of the supplies are adequate for environmental suitability and service life. The RBS shall be commissioned to start its operation only if both the results of the follow-up and final insp
40、ections comply with the requirements. 6.2 Routine inspection During the operating period, regular and periodic inspections are fundamental for the reliable maintenance of all the components in the lightning protection and earthing system, which is regarded as routine inspection. The interval between
41、 consecutive routine inspections needs to consider the nature of RBS and environmental factors. An unordered inspection may need to be performed at some emergency conditions. The property owner shall be informed of all observed faults and they shall be repaired without delay. The primary aspects tha
42、t need to be considered in routine inspections include: all components of the lightning protection and earthing system are in good condition and capable of performing their designed functions, and that there is no corrosion; any recently installed equipment or constructions are incorporated into the
43、 lightning protection and earthing system; any remaining effect caused by lightning flashes or natural calamities (e.g., flood, earthquake) or nearby constructions shall be assessed and removed. Any problem detected during the routine inspections must be corrected in order to make sure that the inst
44、allation complies with the requirements of the inspection. Figure 1 shows a flowchart of the conformance assessment process according to this Recommendation. 4 Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/2016) Figure 1 Flowchart of the conformance assessment process 7 Constitution of the lightning protection and earthing
45、system of RBSs Depending on the function and installation location, the lightning protection and earthing system of an RBS can be partitioned as follows: air-termination and down conductor system; earthing system; equipotential bonding network; surge protective devices (SPDs). Figure 2 shows the par
46、ts of an RBS where it can be seen that each part has its main function and need to coordinate with the other parts. The malfunction or degradation of any part can affect the overall performance and even lead to a hazardous result. The common important components belonging to each part are listed in
47、Table 1. NOTE The lightning protection and earthing system of roof-top RBSs can also be partitioned into the above 4 parts, although the layout of an external system may have some differences. Correspondingly, the assessment of conformance can be partitioned into the itemized evaluation for each par
48、t through visual inspection, measurement, analysis and other applicable methods. Rec. ITU-T K.119 (12/2016) 5 air-termination and down conductor system earthing system equipotential bonding network SPDs Figure 2 Typical layout of RBS consisting of all the important constituent parts Table 1 The cons
49、tituent parts and the corresponding components Parts Components Air-termination and Down conductor system Air-termination rod or mesh Down conductors Earthing system Earthing network Earth conductor Equipotential bonding network Internal equipotential bonding (e.g., bonding conductor for equipment and devices) External equipotential bonding (e.g., bonding of the tower and feeder cable outside the equipment room) Surge protective devices (SPDs) Electric power SPDs Signal and communication SPDs 8 Ai
