1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T Q.1704TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU (10/2008) SERIES Q: SWITCHING AND SIGNALLING Signalling requirements and protocols for IMT-2000 Functional network architecture for IMT-Advanced Recommendation ITU-T Q.1704 ITU-T Q-SERIES RECOMMENDATIO
2、NS SWITCHING AND SIGNALLING SIGNALLING IN THE INTERNATIONAL MANUAL SERVICE Q.1Q.3 INTERNATIONAL AUTOMATIC AND SEMI-AUTOMATIC WORKING Q.4Q.59 FUNCTIONS AND INFORMATION FLOWS FOR SERVICES IN THE ISDN Q.60Q.99 CLAUSES APPLICABLE TO ITU-T STANDARD SYSTEMS Q.100Q.119 SPECIFICATIONS OF SIGNALLING SYSTEMS
3、No. 4, 5, 6, R1 AND R2 Q.120Q.499 DIGITAL EXCHANGES Q.500Q.599 INTERWORKING OF SIGNALLING SYSTEMS Q.600Q.699 SPECIFICATIONS OF SIGNALLING SYSTEM No. 7 Q.700Q.799 Q3 INTERFACE Q.800Q.849 DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER SIGNALLING SYSTEM No. 1 Q.850Q.999 PUBLIC LAND MOBILE NETWORK Q.1000Q.1099 INTERWORKING WITH SA
4、TELLITE MOBILE SYSTEMS Q.1100Q.1199 INTELLIGENT NETWORK Q.1200Q.1699 SIGNALLING REQUIREMENTS AND PROTOCOLS FOR IMT-2000 Q.1700Q.1799 SPECIFICATIONS OF SIGNALLING RELATED TO BEARER INDEPENDENT CALL CONTROL (BICC) Q.1900Q.1999 BROADBAND ISDN Q.2000Q.2999 SIGNALLING REQUIREMENTS AND PROTOCOLS FOR THE N
5、GN Q.3000Q.3999 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T Q.1704 (10/2008) i Recommendation ITU-T Q.1704 Functional network architecture for IMT-Advanced Summary Recommendation ITU-T Q.1704 specifies a long-term high-level network architecture for IMT-Advance
6、d specified in Recommendations ITU-T Q.1702, Q.1703 and ITU-R M.1645. Source Recommendation ITU-T Q.1704 was approved on 14 October 2008 by ITU-T Study Group 19 (2005-2008) under Recommendation ITU-T A.8 procedure. Keywords IMT-Advanced. ii Rec. ITU-T Q.1704 (10/2008) FOREWORD The International Tele
7、communication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and t
8、ariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Reco
9、mmendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary standards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recomm
10、endation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Recommendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g., interoperab
11、ility or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents are used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that com
12、pliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validi
13、ty or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had not received notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be requir
14、ed to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/. ITU 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced
15、, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T Q.1704 (10/2008) iii CONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 References. 1 3 Definitions 2 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere 2 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation. 2 4 Abbreviations and acronyms 2 5 Conventions 3 6 Introduction 3 7
16、General principles of the functional architecture 3 8 Functional network architecture overview . 4 8.1 NGN architecture overview 4 8.2 IMT-Advanced architecture overview and NGN . 4 9 Generalized functional architecture and functional entities . 4 9.1 Network functions 4 9.2 Network functional entit
17、ies 5 Rec. ITU-T Q.1704 (10/2008) 1 Recommendation ITU-T Q.1704 Functional network architecture for IMT-Advanced 1 Scope The scope of this Recommendation is to provide a long-term high-level network architecture for IMT-Advanced1as specified by ITU-T Q.1703, ITU-T Q.1702, and ITU-R M.1645. This Reco
18、mmendation identifies network functions specific to IMT-Advanced and defines the corresponding network functional entities through functional models, which will form the basis for further designating reference points and developing information flows and functional entity actions. 2 References The fo
19、llowing ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision; users of this Re
20、commendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. The reference to a document within this Recommendation does n
21、ot give it, as a stand-alone document, the status of a Recommendation. ITU-T M.3060 Recommendation ITU-T M.3060/Y.2401 (2006), Principles for the management of next generation networks. ITU-T Q.1701 Recommendation ITU-T Q.1701 (1999), Framework for IMT-2000 networks. ITU-T Q.1702 Recommendation ITU-
22、T Q.1702 (2002), Long-term vision of network aspects for systems beyond IMT-2000. ITU-T Q.1703 Recommendation ITU-T Q.1703 (2004), Service and network capabilities framework of network aspects for systems beyond IMT-2000. ITU-T Y.2011 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2011 (2004), General principles and genera
23、l reference model for Next Generation Networks. ITU-T Y.2012 Recommendation ITU-T Y.2012 (2006), Functional requirements and architecture of the NGN release 1. ITU-R M.1645 Recommendation ITU-R M.1645 (2003), Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT-2000 and systems beyond I
24、MT-2000. _ 1The term “IMT-Advanced“ is now used in place of “systems beyond IMT-2000“ per ITU-R Resolution 56 (2007). 2 Rec. ITU-T Q.1704 (10/2008) 3 Definitions 3.1 Terms defined elsewhere This Recommendation uses the following terms defined elsewhere: 3.1.1 functional entity: ITU-T Y.2012 An entit
25、y that comprises an indivisible set of specific functions. Functional entities are logical concepts, while groupings of functional entities are used to describe practical, physical implementations. 3.1.2 functional architecture: ITU-T Y.2012 A set of functional entities and the reference points betw
26、een them used to describe the structure of an NGN. These functional entities are separated by reference points, and thus, they define the distribution of functions. NOTE The functional entities can be used to describe a set of reference configurations. These reference configurations identify which r
27、eference points are visible at the boundaries of equipment implementations and between administrative domains. 3.1.3 reference point: ITU-T Y.2012 A conceptual point at the conjunction of two non-overlapping functional entities that can be used to identify the type of information passing between the
28、se functional entities. NOTE A reference point may correspond to one or more physical interfaces between pieces of equipment. 3.2 Terms defined in this Recommendation This Recommendation does not define any new terms. 4 Abbreviations and acronyms This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations
29、and acronyms: 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounting AP Access Point APR Anchor Point Router AR Access Router AS Application Server CSCF Call Session Control Function FE Functional Entity G-MM-FE Global Mobility Management Functional Entity HSS Home
30、Subscriber Server IMT-2000 International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 IP Internet Protocol L2 Layer 2 L3 Layer 3 L-MM-FE Local Mobility Management Functional Entity NGN Next Generation Network P-CSC-FE Proxy Call Session Control Functional Entity PD-FE Policy Decision Functional Entity Rec. ITU-T
31、Q.1704 (10/2008) 3 QoS Quality of Service RACF Resource and Admission Control Function RAM-FE Radio Access Management Functional Entity RAN Radio Access Network SCF Service Control Function S-CSC-FE Serving Call Session Control Functional Entity TRC-FE Transport Resource Control Functional Entity 5
32、Conventions Functional entities in this Recommendation with the same name as in ITU-T Y.2012 follow the general concept stated in ITU-T Y.2012; however the former is not always identical to the latter mainly because of possible additional functionalities derived as a consequence of addressing mobili
33、ty. Convergence, in a precise sense, in terms of functional entities that appear in this Recommendation and in ITU-T Y.2012 is for further study. 6 Introduction In defining a vision for the future of mobile telecommunications, a number of layers of detail is required. The highest layer is an overall
34、 end-user service oriented perspective. This is provided in ITU-T Q.1701 and ITU-T Q.1702. ITU-T Q.1703 provides the service and network capabilities and/or requirements framework, from the network aspect, for IMT-Advanced. The next level of detail is the definition of the high-level network archite
35、cture for IMT-Advanced, which includes the definition of functional entities and its relationships. This level is the objective of this Recommendation. It is expected that a future Recommendation will define how the information should flow among the functional entities in IMT-Advanced, according to
36、the functional network architecture model adopted. 7 General principles of the functional architecture The functional architecture incorporates the following general principles: Network architecture based on IP technology Access networks, which provide a rich set of access mechanisms using various w
37、ired and wireless access technologies, terminate layer two link characteristics and provide IP-based connection to core networks. Core networks and application servers connected to them are IP based. Modular construction using expandable components The subsystems themselves, such as access networks,
38、 core networks, and application servers; as well as the systems built based on them are hierarchical. In particular, core networks provide universal interfaces to different access networks and to all kinds of application servers. Accessibility to each subsystem is separately controlled based on each
39、 operators policy; on the other hand in particular, paths that users can control to access application servers are prepared. 4 Rec. ITU-T Q.1704 (10/2008) Open interfaces between various systems Interoperation with homogeneous networks and with heterogeneous networks is facilitated with open interfa
40、ces in various levels of subsystems. 8 Functional network architecture overview The IMT-Advanced architecture should support multiple access networks, converged services in a converged network, enhanced security and protection, and total service accessibility, based on the services and network capab
41、ilities framework of network aspects defined in ITU-T Q.1703 and aligned with the NGN architecture. 8.1 NGN architecture overview The NGN architecture is based on the general principles defined in ITU-T Y.2011. It is further detailed in ITU-T Y.2012 for transport and service stratum functions and in
42、 ITU-T M.3060 for management functions that apply to both transport and service strata. 8.2 IMT-Advanced architecture overview and NGN The IMT-Advanced architecture is based on the general principles defined in ITU-T Y.2011. It is not necessarily identical to the NGN architecture because of addition
43、al functions derived as a consequence of addressing mobility, recognizing that these two architectures are moving towards convergence. 9 Generalized functional architecture and functional entities This clause identifies network functions specific to IMT-Advanced and defines the corresponding network
44、 functional entities through functional models, which will form the basis for further designating reference points and developing information flows and functional entity actions. It is intended to link service and network capabilities defined in ITU-T Q.1703 and specific to IMT-Advanced into functio
45、nal entities defined in the NGN architecture, when possible. The IMT-Advanced architecture that encompasses these identified functional entities is to be understood as generalized, to allow for possible plural instantiations in more specific service or technology contexts. 9.1 Network functions 9.1.
46、1 Mobility management The mobility management function manages mobility of terminals. In other words, it manages handover, location updating and paging for terminals. At handover and paging, the mobility management component sets routing information in entities of transport network. At location upda
47、ting, the mobility management component tracks the paging area information of the terminal. Different mechanisms are applied based on the mobility management state of the terminal; i.e., location management and handover. 9.1.1.1 Location management When the terminal is in idle state (i.e., it is not
48、 involved in an active session and/or radio resources for the terminal have been released), the network needs to track the location of the terminal by means of location update from the terminal. The network is able to reach the idle state terminal through the paging procedure. Rec. ITU-T Q.1704 (10/
49、2008) 5 9.1.1.2 Handover management When the terminal is in active state (i.e., it is involved in an active session), the mobile terminal is required to be able to communicate whilst changing its point of attachment to the network due to its movement. 9.1.2 QoS management QoS management is meant to provide an end-to-end QoS which includes wireless and wired networks. In NGN environments, QoS management will be performed by the resource and admission control function (RACF
