1、 KSKSKSKSKSKSKSK KSKSKS KSKSK KSKS KSK KS KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5 (RTLS) 5： 2.4 GHz (CSS) KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 2008 11 24 http:/www.kats.go.krKS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 : e- ( ) ( ) () ( ) : RFID SG2 () ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ：2008 11 24 2008-0797 ： e- ：RFID SG2 ( 02-509-7262) (http:/ww
2、w.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 i . iii 1 1 1 2 1 3 .2 4 .3 5 3 5.1 3 5.2 2.4 GHz .4 5.3 .4 5.4 .4 5.5 .4 6 5 6.1 / .6 6.2 6 7 .6 7.1 6 7.2 .6 8 .7 8.1 802.15.4a CSS PHY7 8.2 7 9 17 9.1 .17 9.2 .18 9.3 18 9.4 19 9.5 19 9.6 (broadcast) ( ) .21 9.7 22 9.8 (Ack) .23 9.9 (TimeB) .23 9.
3、10 (Req2S) 24 9.11 (Clr2S) .24 9.12 .25 KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 ii 10 .25 10.1 .25 10.2 .26 11 27 11.1 .27 11.2 (CRC).27 11.3 .29 12 29 12.1 (ARQ ) 29 12.2 31 12.3 (unconfirmed) .32 13 32 13.1 (DA) .32 13.2 (CSMA/CA) 33 14 (TDMA).40 14.1 .40 14.2 .40 14.3 .42 14.4 (Real Time Clock).42 15 .43 15.1
4、/ 43 15.2 .45 16 45 17 ( )46 A( ) (coexistence)47 B( ) .48 KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 .52 KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 iii e- . . A( ) B( ) KS X ISO/IEC 24730 (RTLS) . 1： (API) 2： 2.4 GHz 5： 2.4 GHz (CSS) 1 . 2 ( ) , . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 (RTLS) 5： 2.4 GHz (CSS) Information technologyReal time loc
5、ating systems(RTLS) Part 5：Chirp Spread Spectrum(CSS) at 2.4 GHz 2007 ISO/IEC 24730 5, Information technology automatic identification and data capture techniques Real time locating systems(RTLS) Part 5： Chirp Spread Spectrum(CSS) at 2.4 GHz . (MAC) . 1 (RTLS) (PHY) (MAC) . MAC PHY RTLS RTLS . . ISO
6、 . 2 . . ( ) . KS A ISO 18185 3, 3： KS C IEC 60870 5 1, 5： 1： KS X ISO/IEC 15963, (RFID) KS X ISO/IEC 18000 4, (RFID) 4： 2.45 GHz KS X ISO/IEC 19762 1, (AIDC) 1： KS X ISO/IEC 19762 3, (AIDC) 3： (RFID) KS X ISO/IEC 24730 1, (RTLS) 1： (API) KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 2 KS X ISO/IEC 24730 2, (RTLS) 2： 2
7、.4 GHz ANS T1.523 2001, Telecom Glossary 2000 CCITT X.25, X.75 CCITT 32 ETS 300 125 ISO/IEC 3309, Information technology Telecommunications and information exchange between systems High-level data link control(HDLC) procedures Frame structure ISO/PAS 17712： 2006, Freight containers Mechanical seals
8、IEEE Std 802 1990 IEEE 802.15.4a Draft Standard IEEE 802.11.b.g. 3 KS X ISO/IEC 19762 1 KS X ISO/IEC 19762 3 (AIDC) . 3.1 (Chirp Spread Spectrum) 3.2 I 10 mW 3.3 II 100 mW 3.4 LOS(Line Of Sight) . 3.5 3.6 RTLS (infrastructure) RTLS API 3.7 RF . 1 . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 3 3.8 RTLS . 3.9 ! 1 RTLS
9、 4 KS X ISO/IEC 19762 1 KS X ISO/IEC 19762 3 . ARQ Automatic Repetition Request CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check CSMA/CA Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoid CSS Chirp Spread Spectrum MAC Medium Access Control Layer NAV Network Allocation Vector PHY Physical Layer RTC Real Time Clock 5 5.1 RTLS
10、tag RTLS tag RTLS tag RTLSinfrastructureRTLSserverhostapplicationsApplication Program Interface Air interface,mandatory partAir interface,optional part KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 4 2.400 2.483 5 GHz (RTLS) . 5.2 2.4 GHz . RTLS . LOS 300 m 1 RTLS . I 10 mW e.i.r.p. , IEEE 802.11 . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 2
11、 KS X ISO/IEC 18000 4 . II RF . 5.3 (RTLS) KS X ISO/IEC 24730 1 . 5.4 48 MAC . MAC 16 KS X ISO/IEC 15963 16 . MAC . 5.5 1 . . 30 50 . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 5 1 RTLS CSS 2 4002 483.50 MHz 25 ppm 2 441.750 MHz 2 412 MHz 2 417 MHz 2 422 MHz 2 427 MHz 2 432 MHz 2 437 MHz 2 442 MHz 2 447 MHz 2 452 MH
12、z 2 457 MHz 2 462 MHz 2 467 MHz 2 472 MHz 2 484 MHz 6 dB 64 MHz, 14 MHz 1： 10 dBm e.i.r.p. 2： 5 . . CSS, DQCSK 250 kbits/s 250 000 symbols/s, 166.667 symbols/s 0.001% | f | 11 MHz 30 dB , | f | 22 MHz 50 dB . 215 1 . CSS (MSE) . s(t) (1) CSS . s(t) simpl(t) . m = 1, 2, 3, 4 =TTjdmimplm,A,dttsdtetsAt
13、smmsechirpd02m02)()()(min 0.002 5 , A, d . Tchirp css . (1) s(t) cn,k n k (1 j1) . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 17 8 9 9.1 . . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 18 9 Preamble 30 SyncWord 64 64 MACFrame 80 to 1184 80 to 1184 Tail 4 9 . 9 9.2 RTLS 6 . 10 (Data) Data MAC 8 196 . (Acknowledgement) Ack . (Broadcast
14、) Brdcast ( ) ( ) . (Time Beacon) TimeB . (Request to Send) Req2S (CSMA/CA) . (Clear to Send) Clr2S (CSMA/CA) , . , , . 9.3 10 . MacPreamble Symbols(30) AGC . 80 symbols 1 184 symbols KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 19 Preamble SyncWord MACFrame Tail30 symbols 10 . / / 9.4 11 , 24 (LNID) . SyncWord MAC Fr
15、ame 64 symbols Preamble Tail , , . (64, 30) , PN 0x03848D96BBCC54FC . 14 LNID . . 1 24 LNID 6 . LNID MSB 0 010101 . LNID MSB 1 101010 . (PN) (0x03848D96BBCC54FC) 34 63 XOR (pre-scrambled) . 260534236651(8 ) . . 2 0 1 . 9.5 12 . 80 , FEC 1104 . 10 (FEC .) . 11 KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 20 FragC SeqN
16、LCh 7 44 48 48 13 3 (1MacDataLengthMax)*8 16/32 Type Code Address1 Address2Length Data CRC2FrameCon trol re-served Scram bler init 16 CRC1packet header = 144 bits packet body = 241040 bits 1 1 1 1 = undefined Preamble Synword MAC Frame Tail 12 LSB . . ScrInit(ScramblerInit)： ScramblerInit(ScrInit) .
17、 , . . ScramblerInit . (ScramblerInit ) , . EncryptionControl TypeCode： TypeCode 4 . . Data, Ack, Brdcast, TimeB, REq2S Clr2S . TypeCode LLC . Address1： Address1 48 . TimeB Address1 Real Time Clock . Address2 . Address2 48 Data, Brdcast, TimeB KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 21 Req2S . Length： Length 13 ,
18、 Data . Data, Brdcast, TimeB, Req2S Clr2S . 0 Data 8192 . Length MacDataLengthMax . MacDataLengthMax( ) MacBrdCastLengthMax(Brdcast ) LLC . FrameControl： FrameControl 3 , (FragC), (SeqN), (LCh) . FrameControl FragC , . “1” . “0” . FrameCotrol SeqN . SeqN . SeqN . . , . SeqN . LCh (LCCh UDCh) . 0 (UD
19、Ch) , 1 (LCCh) . CRC1： CRC1 16 . CRC1 CRC . CRC1 EncryptionControl, TypeCode, Address1, Address2, Length Frame Control . Data： Data . Data Brdcast . Length Data . . MacData LengthMax 128 MacBrdcastLength Max . CRC2： CRC2 16 32 , Data Brdcast Data . 16 32 , . 9.6 (broadcast) ( ) (broadcast ) (multica
20、st ) . 13 . KS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 22 FragC1 bitData(1 acDataLengthMax) * 8 bitsCRC116 bitsFrame Control3 bitsLength13 bitsAddress248 bitsAddress148 bitsType Code4 bitsCrypt4 bitsScInit7 bitsSeqN1 bit LCh1 bitCRC216 bits or 32 bits1 bit= undefined 13 Brdcast Brdcast : FrameControl FragC, SeqN, LC
21、h . Brdcast . (unacknowledged transmission) (fragmentation) . , FragC SeqN 0 . 1 LLC . Data： Data MacBrdCastLengthMax . Brdcast MacBrdCastLengthMax , LLC . TypeCode Brdcast . Address1 (BroadcastAddress) (MulticastAddress) . Address2 (SourceAddress) . Length . 9.7 128 . (acknowledge) . 14 . Data(1 acDataLengthMax) * 8 bitsCRC116 bitsFrame Control3 bitsLength13 bitsAddress248 bitsAddress148 bitsType Code4 bitsCrypt4 bitsScInit7 bitsCRC216 or 32 bits1 bit= undefined 14 . (1Mac(1MacKS X ISO/IEC 24730 5:2008 23 Data： Data MacDataLengthMax . MacDataLengthMax . MacDataLengthMax , LLC . TypeCode
