1、 Standard Practice Corrosion Management of Atmospherically Exposed Reinforced Concrete Structures This NACE International standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document, its scope, and provisions. Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone, wh
2、ether he or she has adopted the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not in conformance with this standard. Nothing contained in this NACE International standard is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise,
3、to manufacture, sell, or use in connection with any method, apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent. This standard represents minimum requirements and should in no way be interpreted as a restrictio
4、n on the use of better procedures or materials. Neither is this standard intended to apply in all cases relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this standard in specific instances. NACE International assumes no responsibility for the interpretation or use of
5、 this standard by other parties and accepts responsibility for only those official NACE International interpretations issued by NACE International in accordance with its governing procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individual volunteers Users of this NACE Inter
6、national standard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health, safety, environmental, and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this standard prior to its use. This NACE International standard may not necessarily address all potential health and safety prob
7、lems or environmental hazards associated with the use of materials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this standard. Users of this NACE International standard are also responsible for establishing appropriate health, safety, and environmental protection practices, in consul
8、tation with appropriate regulatory authorities if necessary, to achieve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to the use of this standard. CAUTIONARY NOTICE: NACE International standards are subject to periodic review, and may be revised or withdrawn at any time in ac
9、cordance with NACE technical committee procedures. NACE International requires that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of initial publication and subsequently from the date of each reaffirmation or revision. The user is cautioned to
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11、Approved 2012-06-23 NACE International 1440 South Creek Drive Houston, Texas 77084-4906 +1 281-228-6200 ISBN 1-57590-256-7 2012, NACE International NACE SP0112-2012 Item No. 21166SP0112-2012 NACE International i _ Foreword This NACE International standard practice provides a structure for setting up
12、 and maintaining a Corrosion Management System (the System) for existing conventionally reinforced concrete structures. This standard is concerned with the risk-based management of corrosion to maintain the safe operation of structures and plants and to minimize the risk of unexpected failures and u
13、nplanned closures and outages. The System may require investigation and evaluation by qualified corrosion, materials, and structural engineering personnel, depending on the nature and extent of the distress. This standard is intended for use by corrosion specialists, civil engineers, structural engi
14、neers, and asset owners involved with the maintenance, management, and operation of reinforced concrete structures susceptible to corrosion-induced deterioration. This standard was prepared by NACE TG 400, which is administered by Specific Technology Group (STG) 01, “Reinforced Concrete,” and is als
15、o sponsored by STG 08, “Corrosion Management,” and STG 46, “Building Systems.” The TG is composed of manufacturers, users, consulting engineers, and other interested parties and this standard represents a consensus of those members. This standard is issued by NACE under the auspices of STG 01. In NA
16、CE standards, the terms shall, must, should, and may are used in accordance with the definitions of these terms in the NACE Publications Style Manual. The terms shall and must are used to state a requirement, and are considered mandatory. The term should is used to state something good and is recomm
17、ended, but is not considered mandatory. The term may is used to state something considered optional. _ SP0112-2012 ii NACE International _ NACE International Standard Practice Corrosion Management of Atmospherically Exposed Reinforced Concrete Structures Contents 1. General . 1 2. Definitions . 1 3.
18、 Objectives . 1 4. Organization and Management . 2 5. Planning and Implementation . 3 6. Performance of Corrosion Management Team (the Team) 4 References 5 _ SP0112-2012 NACE International 1 _ Section 1: General 1.1 Corrosion management is the part of an overall management system that is concerned w
19、ith the development, implementation, review, and maintenance of the corrosion policy for the owners of fixed assets. This standard is not intended to be all encompassing. This standard is not concerned with the actual techniques used to carry out evaluations, which are covered by other NACE standard
20、s.1,2 1.1.1 Because of the properties inherent in reinforced concrete and different exposure conditions, corrosion of reinforced concrete structures has unique characteristics and associated consequences when compared to other assets that suffer from corrosion. Corrosion management of reinforced con
21、crete therefore requires unique knowledge and skills. 1.1.2 For example, 50 to 100 m (2 to 4 x 10-3 in) section loss of reinforcing steel can typically cause concrete cover to crack and spall.3 This amount of section loss is several orders of magnitude less than that considered significant in most s
22、tructural steel elements or steel containment structures. Also, the consequences of concrete at high elevation spalling off a structure can result in very different health and safety issues compared to section loss of a structural beam or column or perforation of a pipe or a containment vessel. 1.2
23、To establish the System for reinforced concrete assets, the Owner shall establish a corrosion policy, either standalone or within an overall integrity management policy and system. The Owner and managers of the assets shall identify the risks to safety and to the business resulting from the effects
24、of corrosion. The requirements of national health and safety legislation shall also be incorporated into the System. The environmental impacts of corrosion and of corrosion control and mitigation techniques shall be considered as part of the System. 1.3 The System shall establish an objective of cos
25、t-effective life extension of reinforced concrete structures while ensuring safe and reliable operation with minimum disruption to all aspects of the operation of the structure during inspection and rehabilitation. To achieve this objective the System shall include the following steps: 1.3.1 Plannin
26、g and Implementation: Review of reinforced concrete structure condition, inspection planning, identification of damage mechanisms, selection and application of remedial measures and their performance monitoring (e.g., measure of cathodic protection CP performance, use of inspection/embedded sensors
27、for assessment of repair/inhibition, etc.). 1.3.2 Evaluate Performance of the Corrosion Management Team (the Team): Have actions been completed, have data been collected and reviewed as planned, etc.? What could have been done better? Adjust planning/procedures to reflect experience (good and bad).
28、1.3.3 Independent Audit: Review of actions of the Team by external verifiers. 1.4 The benefits from the implementation of the System are often realized in the medium-to-long term so the Owner should be steadfast in the initial stages. Like any change in general that can lead to tangible benefits in
29、the medium-to-long run, the implementation of the System can cause initial disruption and inefficiencies. _ Section 2: Definitions Owner: The legal entity responsible for the reinforced concrete assets that are the subject of the System. _ Section 3: Objectives 3.1 Objectives shall be established. T
30、he principal objective is the cost-effective life extension of the owners reinforced concrete assets while ensuring safe and reliable operation with minimum disruption to users of the structure. The objectives may also include issues specific to the asset Owner, the structure(s), and their use. When
31、 necessary the objectives shall also differentiate among users who are the general public, the general staff of the organization, and the operatives working on the asset. 3.2 To implement the objectives, maintenance functions included in the maintenance budget and items of capital expenditure must b
32、e clearly identified. Examples of periodic maintenance are given in NACE SP0390.1 SP0112-2012 2 NACE International _ Section 4: Organization and Management 4.1 The System shall establish roles and responsibilities of relevant staff. All relevant staff shall be trained to develop a basic level of cor
33、rosion awareness as it relates to the assets covered by the System. 4.2 The Asset Owners Responsibility 4.2.1 The asset Owners primary responsibility is to establish the objectives with clear definitions of the objectives that are relevant to the organization and its assets. 4.2.2 The asset Owner sh
34、all provide the resources for the System, including budgets for regular inspection, regular maintenance, and major repair and rehabilitation projects. The Owner shall ensure that the System is reviewed regularly and remains current and relevant to the changing assets within the organization and the
35、organizations overall objectives. 4.2.3 The appointment of contractors shall not absolve the Owner from its overall responsibility for the System. The Owner shall ensure that there is sufficient expertise within the organization and its management and engineering teams to ensure that the Corrosion M
36、anagement Plan (the Plan) is effectively implemented and maintained current to the organizations requirements. The Owner shall ensure that there is adequate expertise within the organization to properly define roles and responsibilities within contracts; to select, appoint, and supervise general and
37、 specialist contractors; and to ensure that work is carried out to the required standard as well as being completed on time and within budget. 4.3 The System Supervisor (Supervisor) 4.3.1 The Supervisor shall be retained by the Owner to develop and implement the System. One of the main tasks shall b
38、e to work with the Owner to elicit and assist in the formulation of the objectives of the System. The Supervisor shall also prepare the Plan in which the objectives, roles, and responsibilities of the relevant parties who are part of the Team and procedures for implementation of the Plan are clearly
39、 defined. 4.3.2 The Supervisor shall also hold periodic meetings with the Owner to ensure that the objectives of the System are being met and, as necessary, to modify the steps for implementation. The Supervisor should instil a sense of ownership of the System as well as teamwork from other affected
40、 parties such as specialty repair and protection engineers and contractors. 4.3.3 The Supervisor may be part of the organizations management structure with direct responsibility for appointing and training staff and contractors or part of the Team that carries out these functions. The Supervisor sha
41、ll ensure that all relevant contract documents for work on relevant assets include the requirements of the Plan and that contractors are aware of their responsibilities under the Plan. 4.4 Engineering and Contracting Firms 4.4.1 The different parties affected by the System, such as general contracto
42、rs, specialty repair and protection engineers, and contractors, shall familiarize themselves with the Plan and take the required and necessary steps to ensure its successful implementation. The implementation may require modifying past procedures and behaviors to adapt to the Plan. With these modifi
43、cations, communication among the parties affected by the System is of paramount importance, especially in the initial stages of implementation. 4.4.2 The System shall be integrated into day-to-day activities. For example, construction documents associated with scopes related to corrosion mitigation
44、of reinforced concrete should clearly cite the System so that contractors bidding work can incorporate it into their work. Teamwork is required for successful implementation of the System. In turn, working under the umbrella of the System should foster teamwork among the parties. 4.5 Maintenance and
45、 Inspection Staff 4.5.1 The Plan shall be implemented by the appointment of qualified staff to the organization, or by maintenance and repair contractors, or by both. The Plan and the Supervisor shall ensure that adequately trained and qualified personnel are recruited and trained, and that there ar
46、e suitable systems of continuous professional development to effectively implement the Plan. SP0112-2012 NACE International 3 4.6 Responsibilities The roles and responsibilities of all parties (including Owner, Supervisor, engineering support, inspection/maintenance providers, etc.) shall be clearly
47、 identified in the Plan. The relevant roles and responsibilities shall be identified at both a general and project-specific level as appropriate, and shall define the legal, financial, and technical responsibility for all work to be carried out in accordance with the Plan. _ Section 5: Planning and Implementation 5.1 The System and the Plan shall establish a design life for each of the assets included and shall establish design life criteria to evaluate whether each asset is meeting the criteria. 5.1.1 Examples of suitable design li
