1、 Standard Test Method Evaluation of Internal Plastic Coatings for Corrosion Control of Tubular Goods in an Aqueous Flowing Environment This NACE International standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document, its scope, and provisions. Its acceptance does n
2、ot in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has adopted the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not in conformance with this standard. Nothing contained in this NACE International standard is to be construed as granting any
3、 right, by implication or otherwise, to manufacture, sell, or use in connection with any method, apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent. This standard represents minimum requirements and should in
4、no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of better procedures or materials. Neither is this standard intended to apply in all cases relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this standard in specific instances. NACE International assumes no responsibi
5、lity for the interpretation or use of this standard by other parties and accepts responsibility for only those official NACE International interpretations issued by NACE International in accordance with its governing procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of interpretations by individua
6、l volunteers. Users of this NACE International standard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health, safety, environmental, and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this standard prior to its use. This NACE International standard may not necessarily addres
7、s all potential health and safety problems or environmental hazards associated with the use of materials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this standard. Users of this NACE International standard are also responsible for establishing appropriate health, safety, and environ
8、mental protection practices, in consultation with appropriate regulatory authorities if necessary, to achieve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to the use of this standard. CAUTIONARY NOTICE: NACE International standards are subject to periodic review, and may be
9、revised or withdrawn at any time without prior notice. NACE International requires that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of initial publication. The user is cautioned to obtain the latest edition. Purchasers of NACE International s
10、tandards may receive current information on all standards and other NACE International publications by contacting the NACE FirstService Department, 1440 South Creek Dr., Houston, Texas 77084-4906 (telephone +1 281/228-6200). Reaffirmed 2006-03-13 Reaffirmed 2000-03-28 Reaffirmed September 1993 Reaff
11、irmed March 1988 Approved 1983 NACE International 1440 South Creek Drive Houston, Texas 77084-4906 +1 281/228-6200 ISBN 1-57590-100-5 2006, NACE InternationalNACE Standard TM0183-2006 Item No. 21213 TM0183-2006 NACE International i _ Foreword This standard test method was written to provide manufact
12、urers, applicators, and users of internal pipe coatings with a method of comparing the performance of these coatings. This method is not intended to correlate with any field performance but merely provides a means of comparing samples of internally coated tubing or line pipe under identical flowing
13、water conditions. This standard was originally prepared in 1983 by Work Group T-1G-6b of Unit Committee T-1G on Protective Coatings and Nonmetallic Materials for Oilfield Use. It was reviewed by T-1G-6 and reaffirmed by Unit Committee T-1G in 1988, 1993, and 2000, and in 2006 by Specific Technology
14、Group (STG) 33 on Oil and Gas ProductionNonmetallics and Wear Coatings (Metallic). This standard is issued by NACE International under the auspices of STG 33. In NACE standards, the terms shall, must, should, and may are used in accordance with the definitions of these terms in the NACE Publications
15、 Style Manual, 4th ed., Paragraph 7.4.1.9. Shall and must are used to state mandatory requirements. The term should is used to state something considered good and is recommended but is not mandatory. The term may is used to state something considered optional. _ TM0183-2006 ii NACE International _ N
16、ACE International Standard Test Method Evaluation of Internal Plastic Coatings for Corrosion Control of Tubular Goods in an Aqueous Flowing Environment Contents 1. General . 1 2. Test Apparatus1 3. Test Specimen Preparation 1 4. Test Procedure3 5. Reproducibility of Coating Performance . 4 6. Record
17、ing Test Data . 4 References 4 Figure 1Schematic Diagram of a Typical Test Apparatus 2 _ TM0183-2006 NACE International 1 _ Section 1: General 1.1 The test method set forth in this standard can be used to evaluate and compare the corrosion protection that various internal plastic coatings afford oil
18、field tubular goods. Using this test method, random sections are tested with flowing water at a given velocity under controlled temperatures for a specified period of time. _ Section 2: Test Apparatus 2.1 The test apparatus required for this test includes a volume tank, a pumping system, and a pipin
19、g system containing a heater and temperature controller. A typical arrangement is shown in Figure 1; however, other arrangements may be suitable, provided they meet the following requirements: 2.1.1 The test specimen (Figure 1) must be placed in a vertical position within the piping system to preven
20、t the formation of air pockets. 2.1.2 A plastic rod must be placed inside the test specimen assembly. It has two functions: (a) To reduce the inside cross-sectional area of the pipe in order to obtain desired flow velocity more easily with a smaller pump, and (b) To stiffen the assembly and to hold
21、the test specimen in place. 2.1.3 To ensure that test parameters are maintained during extended test intervals, the flow rate and temperature shall be monitored as follows: (a) If multiple test specimens are run in parallel piping systems instead of in series within the same piping system, each loop
22、 must be valved to allow regulation of flow rate. The flow rate must be monitored for each loop by a suitable flow meter or discharge method. (b) The temperature of the test medium shall be monitored at two or more points as indicated in Figure 1. 2.1.4 Design of the mechanical system shall provide
23、for normal maintenance permitting continuous long-term operation. _ Section 3: Test Specimen Preparation 3.1 Test specimens shall be sections of 60.32-mm (2-3/8-in.) outside diameter (OD) tubing or line pipe taken randomly from a typical production run of coated pipe. 3.1.1 Test specimens shall be 3
24、00 to 600 mm (12 to 24 in.) in length. 3.1.2 The test specimen shall be taken from the pin end, the box end (including the coupling), and the center section of randomly selected tubing or pipe. 3.2 Test specimens shall be identified in a manner that will not damage the coating. 3.3 Test specimens sh
25、all be holiday tested. Locations of any holidays shall be marked and recorded. For the purposes of this standard, holidays on thin- and thick-film coatings shall be defined and detected as follows: 3.3.1 For thin-film coatings, a holiday is defined as an electrical discontinuity of less than 80,000
26、ohms resistance sensed with a wet sponge. Holiday inspection voltage is usually 67.5 V direct current for thin-film coatings. The particular test equipment used is left to the discretion of the operator. When the signal device of the test equipment is activated, a holiday is indicated. Where there i
27、s no activation of the signal device as the probe travels through the length of the test specimen, the test specimen is designated “holiday-free.” See NACE Standard TM0384.1TM0183-2006 2 NACE International 3.3.2 For thick-film coatings, holiday testing may be conducted by passing a suitable contact
28、probe through the test specimen. The probe should be connected by means of an appropriately insulated lance to an instrumented high-voltage source that is also grounded to the test specimen. A minimum acceptable voltage is that which is required to arc across an air gap corresponding to the maximum
29、coating thickness. A rough rule of thumb for dry air gap testing is 100 V per 25 m (1 mil) coating thickness. The particular test FIGURE 1Schematic Diagram of a Typical Test Apparatus TM0183-2006 NACE International 3 equipment used is left to the discretion of the operator. The holiday signal respon
30、se indicated for thin-film coatings (above) applies for thick-film coatings as well. See NACE Standard TM0186.23.4 Test specimens shall be visually inspected. The presence of any runs, sags, or blisters shall be recorded prior to testing. 3.5 Coating film thickness of each test specimen shall be mea
31、sured at four places, 90 degrees apart, on each end of the test specimen to determine that the coating meets specified thickness. The measurements shall be taken 25 mm (1.0 in.) from each end of the test specimen. 3.6 Several test specimens may be tested simultaneously in the same test, provided all
32、 the parameters can be maintained. 3.7 A control test specimen with previously determined performance shall be included in the test. _ Section 4: Test Procedure 4.1 Test specimens shall be carefully installed in the piping system to prevent damage to the coating. A rubber or plastic gasket of the sa
33、me inside diameter (ID) as the pipe shall be installed between test specimens to prevent galvanic effects. The pin and box may be made up to specified torque and tested as an assembly. 4.2 The flow rate of the test medium and the diameter of the stiffener rod (Paragraph 2.1.2) shall be adjusted to p
34、roduce a velocity of 760 to 910 mm/s (2.5 to 3.0 ft/s) across the coating surface. The flow rate and cross-sectional flow area are related to velocity according to Equation (1): (mm/s) Velocity = )(mm area sectionalCross/s)(mm rateFlow 23(1) 4.3 The test medium shall consist of synthetic ocean water
35、 in accordance with ASTM(1)D 1141.34.4 The test medium shall be: 4.4.1 Maintained at a constant temperature of 66 3C (150 5F). 4.4.2 Aerated to saturation by suitable mechanical methods. 4.4.3 Replaced with fresh test medium approximately every seven days. 4.5 The test period shall continue for a to
36、tal of 5,000 hours. The test specimens shall be visually examined after the first 500 hours and 1,000 hours of exposure and thereafter at 1,000-hour intervals. If visual examination indicates a failure, the test specimen shall be removed and analyzed in accordance with Paragraph 4.6. If no failure i
37、s indicated, the test specimen shall be returned to the system and maintained in the test for another 1,000 hours. A coating that no longer meets the end users performance specifications constitutes a failure. 4.6 When the test is completed, the test specimen shall be examined within one hour of rem
38、oval from test for softening, swelling, and holidays. The test specimen shall then be stored at ambient conditions for 24 hours before being sectioned lengthwise with a metal saw for examination. The test specimen shall be compared with an untested specimen to detect the following: (a) Blistering (b
39、) Softening (c) Coating thickness changes (swelling) (d) Adhesion (e) Bleaching (f) Metal attack (g) Underfilm creep 4.6.1 Rating KeyFor bleaching, swelling, and softening: (a) No change (b) Slight change (c) Severe change 4.6.2 Rating KeyFor adhesion: (a) No change (b) Slight loss of adhesion (c) S
40、evere loss of adhesion 4.6.2.1 To determine adhesion, the coating should be cut to the metal substrate using a two-sided hobby knife blade. The point of the blade shall be drawn across the film (using multiple cuts if necessary) to cut a single V-shaped groove. Using the sharp side of the blade as a
41、 wedge, the coating film should be pried up within the groove. The exposed metal substrate should be observed under a 10 to 15X microscope to determine adhesion performance. An average of the three attempts shall be used to rate adhesion. 4.6.3 Rating KeyFor metal attack: _ (1)ASTM International (AS
42、TM), 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. TM0183-2006 4 NACE International (a) No apparent corrosion (b) Corrosion occurred 4.6.4 Rating KeyFor blistering: Use ASTM D 714.44.6.5 Rating KeyFor underfilm creep: Extent shall be measured and reported in millimeters. _ Section 5: Reprod
43、ucibility of Coating Performance 5.1 Performance of any test specimen of a given coating should be consistent each time that coating is tested. _ Section 6: Recording Test Data 6.1 The following test data shall be recorded: 6.1.1 The coating description, coating thickness, generic classification of
44、the coating, applicator, and size and grade of tubular goods. 6.1.2 Any special notes pertaining to the application of the coating. 6.1.3 The initial, periodic, and final visual results of the coating. 6.1.4 The initial and final holiday test results. 6.1.5 The initial and final results regarding co
45、ating adhesion to the metal substrate. 6.1.6 The amount of underfilm creep. 6.1.7 The final results regarding the conditions of the metal substrate. _ References 1. NACE Standard TM0384 (latest revision), “Holiday Detection of Internal Tubular Coatings of Less Than 250 m (10 mils) Dry-Film Thickness
46、” (Houston, TX: NACE). 2. NACE Standard TM0186 (latest revision), “Holiday Detection of Internal Tubular Coatings of 250 to 760 m (10 to 30 mils) Dry-Film Thickness” (Houston, TX: NACE). 3. ASTM Standard D 1141 (latest revision), “Standard Practice for the Preparation of Substitute Ocean Water” (West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM). 4. ASTM Standard D 714 (latest revision), “Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints” (West Conshocken, PA: ASTM). ISBN 1-57590-100-5
