1、2008 年天津外国语学院英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、单项选择题1 Thomas Hardy is a prolific writer whose works include the following except_.（A）Far from the Madding Crowd（B） To the Light House（C） Under the Greenwood Tree（D）Jude the Obscure2 In the first half of the 19th century English drama experienced a general decline;
2、 _ two famous English playwrights revived the British theatre after this period of time.（A）William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe（B） Harold Pinter and Samuel Beckett（C） George Bernard Shaw and Oscar Wilde（D）Henrik Ibsen and August Strindberg3 The three most eminent novelists who represent the t
3、hree phases of the Victorian novels are Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy and_.（A）George Moore（B） Louis Stevenson（C） James Joyce（D）George Eliot4 Which of the following books deals with American Civil War?（A）The Red Badge of Courage（B） For Whom the Bell Tolls（C） Slaughterhouse-Five（D）Catch 225 The first
4、writer who took the vernacular as a serious way of presenting reality after Mark Twain is_.（A）Robert Frost（B） Ernest Hemingway（C） William Carlos Williams（D）Sherwood Anderson6 Direct treatment of the “thing“ , whether subjective or objective, is one of the poetic principles advocated by_.（A）Imagists（
5、B） Realists（C） Naturalists（D）Romanticists二、填空题7 Geoffrey Chaucer s famous work_contains 20-odd stories unified by a fictitious pilgrimage.8 In_, Thomas More offers an ideal social system, with which people replace tyranny with_.9 The definition that “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of po
6、werful feelings“ was written by_in_.10 Harold Pinter, who_, is one of the most gifted English playwrights in the post-war period.11 In his_Benjamin Franklin creates the image of a boy s rise from _to riches and demonstrates his belief that the new world of America was a land of opportunities which m
7、ight be met through hard work and wise management.12 As a reflection of Hester Prynne s moral development, the_symbolically undergoes a gradual and imperceptible change from “_“to “able“ and last to “angel“.13 Known as African Americans poet laureate, _articulates the miseries and agonies of the bla
8、cks in face of racial discrimination.三、名词解释14 Briefly explain fiveonly the first Ave will be assessed in case more than five answers are providedout of the following seven terms. Provide an example where you feel adequate. Write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)allegory15 Oedipus Complex16
9、 tragedy四、问答题17 Questions in this section are set for applicants to the MA program of American and the lady is an imagined persona of the poet. The whole poem and other images are extended from this image. The poem is a dramatic representation of the passage from this world of the living to the afte
10、rlife.In the first stanza, the gentleman has called on persona as a beau; and, like a true gentleman, he has included, “Immortality“ as an image of a chaperone. The second stanza indicates the peacefulness and pleasantness surrounding an appointment with a beau. By the third stanza, they are nearing
11、 the edge of town. Rich images are used. The seemingly disparate elements of children, “Gazing Grain“ , and “Setting Sun“ , the sensations that dying lady experiences, are transferred to these parts of the world. She is gazing, and the notion is transferred to the grain; she is “setting“ , and this
12、notion is transferred to the sun. The mention of children “striving“ at recess is a subtle preparation for the stasis, or lack of motion, described in the succeeding images. In addition, the three elements summarize the progress and passage of a lifetime. It includes the three states of youth, matur
13、ity, and age, the cycle of day from morning to evening, and even a suggestion of seasonal progression from spring through ripening to decline.In the fourth stanza, the lady is getting closer to death; for “The Dews“ now grow “quivering and chill“ upon her skin, the traditional associations of the co
14、ldness of death. Her tippet made of lace is something one might expect to see around the shoulders of a deceased woman lying in repose. In the fifth stanza, they have arrived at a country cemetery. The House is a fresh grave. The roof is a small tombstone; and the cornice, the molding around a coffi
15、n s lid, is already placed “ in the Ground“. The lady is alone now; her gentleman friend has vanished unexplained. In the sixth stanza it was not until after the school children, the “Gazing Grain“ , the “Setting Sun“ , and the “Swelling of the Ground“ that she began to realize where she was heading
16、. She had, therefore, apparently been tricked, seduced, and then abandoned.【试题解析】 (本题考查了对艾米丽狄金森诗歌的掌握，可结合一首诗歌对其中的意象进行分析。)20 【正确答案】 In The Glass Menagerie, Tennessee Williams uses the theme of escape to help drive the play forward. None of the characters are capable of living in the real world. Laura,
17、 Amanda, Tom and Jim use various methods to escape the brutalities of life.The fire escape helps develop the theme of the story. This entrance into the apartment provides a different purpose for each of the characters. The fire escape allows Tom the opportunity to escape the apartment and get away f
18、rom his nagging mother. Amanda sees the fire escape as an opportunity for gentleman callers to enter their lives. Laura s view is different from her mother and her brother. Her escape seems to be hiding inside the apartment, not out.Laura finds herself escaping at every turn. She induces sickness in
19、 her typing class and even as a gentleman caller waits in the living room. Another escape for Laura is her glass menagerie. Her collection of glass represents her own private world set apart from reality, a place where can hide and be safe. Even when it appears that Laura is finally overcoming her s
20、hyness with Jim, she is unable to cope with reality and she escapes back into her fantasy world of old records and glass figurines.Amanda is obsessed with her past, and uses it to escape reality, as she constantly reminds Tom and Laura of the time she received seventeen gentlemen callers. She refuse
21、s to acknowledge that her daughter is crippled and refers to her handicap as “a little defect hardly noticeable“. A-manda doesn t perceive anything realistically. She believes that Jim is going to be the man to rescue Laura. When Jim arrives, Amanda regresses to the childish, giddy days of entertain
22、ing gentleman callers. Amanda uses her past as a means to escape the reality she does not want to face.Tom escapes reality in many different ways. The first and most obvious is the fire escape that leads him away from his unhappy home. He also escapes into his world of poetry writing and movies. The
23、 more Amanda nags, the more Tom seems to need his movie escapes. They take him to another world, where mothers, sisters, and runaway father do not exist. It is getting harder and harder for Tom to escape real life. Amanda eventually pushes him over the edge and he leaves. Unfortunately, Tom realizes
24、 that leaving home was not the true escape he wanted all along.Jim uses his past as a means of escape. Only by entering into the Wingfield s world can Jim become this high school hero again. Unlike the Wingfields, Jim lives only temporarily in the past, therefore he leaves the dream world of the Win
25、gfields.Mr. Wingfield is the ultimate symbol of escape. This is because he has managed to remove himself from the desperate situation that the rest of the family is still living in.Tennesse Williams uses the theme of escape throughout his play to demonstrate the hopelessness of each character. Tom,
26、Laura, and Amanda all seem to think escape is possible. In the end however, no character can completely escape their illusionary world. Perhaps Williams is trying to send a message that running away is not the way to solve life s problems. The only escape in life is solving your problem, not avoidin
27、g them.【试题解析】 (本题考查了对田纳西威廉斯逃离主题的掌握。)21 【正确答案】 Feminist criticism is literary criticism informed by feminist theory or by the politics of feminism more broadly. Its history has been broad and varied, from classic works of nineteenth-century women authors such as George Eliot and Margaret Fuller to cu
28、tting-edge theoretical work in womens studies and gender studies by “third-wave“ authors. In the most general and simple terms, feminist literary criticism before the 1970sin the first and second waves of feminism was concerned with the politics of women s authorship and the representation of women
29、s condition within literature.Since the arrival of more complex conceptions of gender and subjectivity and third-wave feminism, feminist literary criticism has taken a variety of new routes, namely in the tradition of the Frankfurt School s critical theory. It has considered gender in the terms of F
30、reudian and Lacanian psychoanalysis, as part of the deconstruction of existing relations of power, and as a concrete political investment. It has been closely associated with the birth and growth of queer studies. And the more traditionally central feminist concern with the representation and politi
31、cs of women s lives has continued to play an active role in criticism.Lisa Tuttle has defined feminist theory as asking “ new questions of old texts. “ She cites the goals of feminist criticism as:(1)To develop and uncover a female tradition of writing,(2)to interpret symbolism of women s writing so
32、 that it will not be lost or ignored by the male point of view,(3)to rediscover old texts,(4)to analyze women writers and their writings from a female perspective,(5)to resist sexism in literature, and(6)to increase awareness of the sexual politics of language and style.Using feminist criticism to a
33、nalyze fiction may involve studying the repression of women in fiction. How do men and women differ? What is different about female heroines, and why are these characters important in literary history? In addition to many of the questions raised by a study of women in literature, feminist criticism
34、may study stereotypes, creativity, ideology, racial issues, marginality, and more.【试题解析】 (本题考查了对文学批评方法的掌握。)五、作文22 【正确答案】 Catch-22 was the first book in America to treat the absurdist theme with absurdist techniques. It protests against the absurdity of modern America as embodied by the military powe
35、r structure it describes.The world of one of the protagonists Yossarian is an absurd one, and the way Heller exposes it is through burlesque, the ruthless burlesque of the military unreason as best represented by its three major features: the structured chaos of the military build-up, the military l
36、ogic, one symbol of which is a “rule“ known as “Catch-22“ , and the widespread absurdity on all levels of existence. First the chaos in the military structure is well illustrated in the novel: people still very much alive like Doc Daneeka are declared dead and people long dead such as Mudd are kept
37、“alive“ on the official roster; one officer, Major Major, welcomes visitors in his office only when he is out. What the author castigates is the absurdity of not only the military bureaucracy but the whole of the capitalist world in which a traitor like Milo, who profiteers in the war and plots the
38、German bombing of the American squadron, is set free simply because he has made money.Another object of ridicule is the military logic inherent in the monstrous establishment. The bureaucracy has more faith in paper work than in the stark reality of the war. Then there is this overriding Catch-22, w
39、hich does its work effectively in absurd situations.Furthermore, Joseph Heller uses an absurd linguistic surface to reflect the depth of the absurdity of the modern worlddevices such as “circular conversations“ constructions with their comic, unexpected responses, the “wrenched clich “ which results
40、 from the change of “a key word in an otherwise hackneyed expression“ , sudden tonal changes from seriousness to triviality.One other formal feature of the novel is its apparent “formlessness“. The novel is arranged by the names of the characters rather than follows a casual or sequential order. Events recur; past and present mingle. Time as a frame of reference ceases to exist. Narrated in the third person but with Yossarian as the presiding consciousness, the novel reads like a mind reminiscing about a nightmare of the past.
