1、2010 年南京大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷及答案与解析一、填空题1 Keats major achievement, and one of the major achievements in English literature, is the sequence of_that he wrote in his time.2 Thomas Gray was the leader of the sentimental poetry, known as “_“.3 Theodore Dreisers first novel is_.4 Eugene ONeills_is a play that
2、 concerns the problem of Yanks identity.5 _of the 1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life in The Great Gatsby(1925). 6 The term “_“ is commonly used to name the work of the 17th-century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. 7 _defines the poet as “
3、 man speaking to men,“ and poetry as “ the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings which originates in emotion recollected in tranquility. “8 The most clearly defined Romantic literary movement in the U. S. is New England_.9 Walt Whitman is radically innovative in term of the form of his poetry. W
4、hat he prefers for his new subject and new poetic feelings is “_“.10 In English literature,_s novels blend industrial and rural settings magnificently. He had written about the frustration of desires and there is obvious sexual application in his work.11 Author_Title_ Virtues are, in the popular est
5、imate, rather the exception than the rule. There is the man and his virtues. Men do what is called a good action, as some piece of courage or charity, much as they would pay a fine in expiation of daily non-appearance on parade.12 Author_Title It was a circumstance to be noted, on the summer morning
6、 when our story begins its course, that the women, of whom there were several in the crowd, appeared to take a peculiar interest in whatever penal infliction might be expected to ensue. The age had not so much refinement, that any sense of impropriety restrained the wearers of petticoat and farthing
7、ale from stepping forth into the public ways, and wedging their not unsubstantial persons, if occasion were, into the throng nearest to the scaffold at an execution.13 Author_Title_ It is not probable that this monomania in him took its instant rise at the precise time of his bodily dismemberment. T
8、hen, in darting at the monster, knife in hand, he had but given loose to a sudden passionate, corporal animosity; and when he receive the stroke that tore him, he probably but felt the agonizing bodily laceration, but nothing more.14 Author_Title_ What the hammer? What the chain? In what furnace was
9、 thy brain?What the anvil? What dread grasp Dare its deadly terrors clasp?15 Author_Title_ And on that cheek, and oer that brow, So soft, so calm, yet eloquent,The smiles that win, the tints that glow, But tell of days in goodness spent, A mind at peace with all below, A heart whose love is innocent
10、!16 Author_Title_ If only she hadnt been that robust woman but a woman, in her middle years, with an incurable complaint of the heart. Then of course it wouldnt have been terrible or even difficult to have made that decision that night, it wouldnt even have been the source for ever afterwards of con
11、fusion, mystery and remorse.17 Author_Title_ My little horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near, Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year.18 Author_Title_ In the day time the street was dusty, but at night the dew settled the dust and the old man liked to s
12、it late because he was deaf and now at night it was quiet and he felt the difference. The two waiters inside the cafe knew that the old man was a little drunk, and while he was a good client they knew that if he became too drunk he would leave without paying, so they kept watch on him.19 Author_Titl
13、e_ But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slanted Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover! A savage place! as holy and enchanted As eer beneath a waning moon was haunted By woman wailing for her demon-lover!20 Author_Title_ Mr. Bennet was so odd a mixture of quick parts, sarcastic humour, reserve
14、, and caprice, that the experience of three and twenty years had been insufficient to make his wife understand his character. Her mind was less difficult to develop. She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper.21 Author_Title_ “ Every one asks me what I think of e
15、verything“ said Spencer Brydon; “ and I make answer as I canbegging or dodging the question, putting them off with any nonsense. It wouldnt matter to any of them really, “ he went on, “ for, even were it possible to meet in that stand-and-deliver way so silly a demand on so big a subject, my thought
16、s would still be almost altogether about something that concerns only myself. “22 Author_Title_ My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still, My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will, The ship is anchord safe and sound, its voyage closed and done, From fearful trip the vic
17、tor ship comes in with object won;23 Author_Title_ In fairness to Charles it must be said that he sent to find Sam before he left the White Lion. But the servant was not in the taproom or the stables. Charles guessed indeed where he was. He could not send there; and thus he left Lyme without seeing
18、him again. He got into his four-wheeler in the yard, and promptly drew down the blinds.24 Author_Title_ I found Simon Wheeler dozing comfortably by the bar-room stove of the old, dilapidated tavern in the ancient mining camp of Angels, and I noticed that he was fat and bald-headed, and had an expres
19、sion of winning gentleness and simplicity upon his tranquil countenance. He roused up and gave me good-day.25 Author_Title_ Yossarian let his eyes fall closed and hoped they would think he was unconscious. “Hes fainted,“ he heard a doctor say. “Cant we treat him now before its too late? He really mi
20、ght die. “ “All right, take him. I hope the bastard does die. “26 Author_Title_ I can give you that historical birds eye view. But I cannot explain the mystery of Leonard Sides inheritance. Most of us know the parents or grandparents we come from. But we go back and back, forever; we go back all of
21、us to the very beginning; in our blood and bone and brain we carry the memories of thousands of beings.27 Author_Title_ The store in which the Justice of the Peaces court was sitting smelled of cheese. The boy, crouched on his nail keg at the back of the crowded room, knew he smelled cheese, and mor
22、e: from where he sat could see the ranked shelves close-packed with the solid, squat, dynamic shapes of tin cans whose labels his stomach read, not from the lettering which meant nothing to his mind.28 Author_Title_ My mother danced all night and Robertas was sick. Thats why we were taken to St. Bon
23、nys. People want to put their arms around you when you tell them you were in a shelter, but it really wasnt bad. No big long room with one hundred beds like Bellevue.29 Author_Title_ He had rolled a handkerchief round his head, and his face was set and lowering in his sleep. But he was asleep, and q
24、uietly too, though he had a pistol lying on the pillow. Assured of this, I softly removed the key to the outside of this door, and turned it on him before I again sat down by the fire. Gradually I slipped from the chair and lay on the floor . When I awoke, without having parted in my sleep with the
25、perception of my wretchedness, the clocks of the Eastward churches were striking five, the candles were wasted out, the fire was dead, and the wind and rain intensified the thick black darkness.30 Author_Title_ He felt that his luck was better than usual today. When he had reported for work that mor
26、ning he had expected to be shut up in the relief office at a clerks job, for he had been hired downtown as a clerk, and he was glad to have, instead, the freedom of the streets and welcomed, at least at first, the vigor of the cold and even the blowing of the hard wind. But on the other hand he was
27、not getting on with the distribution of the checks.31 Author_Title_ Three men were at work on the roof, where the leads got so hot they had the idea of throwing water on to cool them. But the water steamed, then sizzled; and they make jokes about getting an egg from some woman in the flats under the
28、 flats under them, to poach it for their dinner.32 Author_Title_ The three women sat in the little room, imagined not remembered. Veronica detected in her mothers cream-coloured dress just a touch of awkwardness, her grandmothers ineptness at a trade for which she was not wholly suited, a shoulder o
29、ut of true, a cuff awry, as so many buttons and cuffs and waistbands had been during the making-do in the time of austerity.33 Author_Title_ Unmarried men are best friends, best masters, best servants, but not always best subjects, for they are light to run away,and almost all fugitives are of that
30、condition.34 Author_Title_ So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.35 Author_Title_ Spite, spite, is the word of your undoing! And when youre down and out, remember what did it. When youre rotting somewhere beside the railroad tracks, remember, and
31、 dont you dare blame it on me!二、问答题36 Briefly state the main ideas of Benjamin Franklins The Autobiography and give your comments on them.37 What are the qualities that Granny Weatherall has? In what way do such qualities help her live successfully?38 What does “the green light“ symbolize in The Gre
32、at Gatsby? Does it exist in reality? Explain your answer. 39 What does T. S. Eliots idea of “an objective of correlative“ mean to you?40 What does Virginia Woolf use to present the life of the titled character in her Mrs. Dalloway?41 What do you find admirable in Robinson Crusoe? Discuss briefly som
33、e of his traits.三、评论题42 Compare Grief with Tears, Idle Tears, commenting particularly on the treatment of their themes.(30 points)1. GriefBy Elizabeth Barrett BrowningI tell you hopeless grief is passionless;That only men incredulous of despair,Half-taught in anguish, through the midnight airBeat up
34、ward to Gods throne in loud accessOf shrieking and reproach. Full desertnessIn souls, as countries, lieth silent-bareUnder the blanching, vertical eye-glareOf the absolute heavens. Deep-hearted man, expressGrief for thy dead in silence like to death:Most like a monumental statue setIn everlasting wa
35、tch and moveless woeTill itself crumble to the dust beneath.Touch it; the marble eyelids are not wetIf it could weep, it could arise and go.2. Tears, Idle TearsBy Alfred, Lord TennysonTears, idle tears. I know not what they mean,Tears from the depth of some divine despairRise in the heart and gather
36、 to the eyes.In looking on the happy Autumn-fields.And thinking of the days that are no more.Fresh as the first beam glittering on a sail.That brings our friends up from the underworld,Sad as the last which reddens over oneThat sinks with all we love below the verge;So sad, so fresh, the days that a
37、re no more.Ah, sad and strange as in dark summer dawnsThe earliest pipe of half-awakened birdsTo dying ears, when unto dying eyesThe casement slowly grows a glimmering square;So sad, so strange, the days that are no more.Dear as remembered kisses after death, And sweet as those by hopeless fancy fei
38、gnedOn lips that are for others; deep as love, Deep as first love, and wild with all regret; O Death in Life, the days that are no more!四、作文43 Write a critical essay on the following topic.(30 points)Modernism is a reaction against realism. Discuss the features of modernism and illustrate your point
39、 with examples.2010 年南京大学英语专业（英美文学）真题试卷答案与解析一、填空题1 【正确答案】 odes2 【正确答案】 the Graveyard School【试题解析】 托马斯格雷是 18 世纪英国的重要诗人，也是英国新古典主义后期的重要诗人。他的著名长诗墓园挽歌(Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard)最初是为了哀悼他在伊顿公学读书时的好友理查德韦斯特，但全诗的内容已经明显超越了对某个具体人物的哀思，而是通过对乡村一处墓地的描写，表达了对下层默默无闻的人民的深切同情，对他们纯朴善良的品质的赞扬，为他们没有机会施展天赋和才华而惋惜；
40、同时也表现了诗人对权贵、人间虚荣的蔑视和嘲讽，对大人物奢侈生活的谴责。这首诗充分体现了格雷的民主思想。弥漫于全诗的感伤情调使它成为 18 世纪后期感伤主义诗歌的典范之作。此后他和圈内的朋友们以此为主题写了很多诗篇，后被人们称作是 The Graveyard School“墓园派诗人”。3 【正确答案】 Sister Carrie4 【正确答案】 The Hairy Ape【试题解析】 毛猿是一部兼有现实主义、表现主义和象征主义的戏剧。主人公扬克是一艘远洋轮船上的司炉，以身强力壮得到同伴的敬畏。一次遭受旅客中一个有钱女人的侮辱，便到外面去寻找他的生活地位，最后只好与动物园的一只大猩猩交朋友，最终
41、却死在它的大力拥抱下。扬克作为一个业已与世界失去和谐的现代人，最终被异化世界吞没了。扬克的死是作者对社会的抨击扬克为有所“归属”和“身份的认同”而奋斗，为让他人接受和承认他的自我而奋斗，这就是本剧的主题。5 【正确答案】 The Jazz Age【试题解析】 爵士时代指的是第一次世界大战结束后(1918)至经济大萧条(1929)到来之前的这段时间，传统的清教徒道德已经土崩瓦解，享乐主义开始大行其道。菲茨杰拉德(F SFitzgerald，1896 一 1940)说：“这是一个奇迹的时代，一个艺术的时代，一个挥金如土的时代，也是一个充满嘲讽的时代。”菲茨杰拉德称其为“爵士时代”，他自己也因小说了
42、不起的盖茨比被称为爵士时代的“编年史家”和“桂冠诗人”。6 【正确答案】 The metaphysical poetry【试题解析】 玄学派是指 17 世纪英国文坛出现的一个独特的诗歌流派。英国诗人约翰邓恩是这个流派的代表人物，他因在诗歌中精妙地运用“奇喻”的比喻手法而蜚声文坛。7 【正确答案】 William Wordsworth【试题解析】 华兹华斯在抒情歌谣集(Lyrical Ballads)序言中说“所有优美的诗歌都是人们在宁静时回忆起来的一种强烈感情的外溢，”这句话是诗人体现其创作风格的经典名言。他注重表达个人的真实情感，颂扬大自然，这与那些崇尚理性、秩序、传统的古典主义诗人是不同的
43、，因此抒情歌谣集宣告了浪漫主义诗歌的诞生。8 【正确答案】 Transcendentalism【试题解析】 新英格兰超验主义思潮，或者说“美国文艺复兴”，受到过浪漫主义的影响，强调人与上帝间的直接交流和人性中的神性，其结果是解放了人性，提高了人的地位，使人的自由成为可能。9 【正确答案】 free verse【试题解析】 惠特曼是美国现代诗歌之父，代表作品是他的第一部诗集草叶集(Leaves of Grass) 。惠特曼创造了独具一格的自由体诗。这种风格的诗以民主的内容、革新的形式极大地影响了美国乃至世界诗坛。10 【正确答案】 D.H. Lawrence【试题解析】 劳伦斯是 20 世纪英国
44、最独特和最具争议的作家之一，他笔下有许多脍炙人口的名篇，如查泰莱夫人的情人、儿子与情人、虹、恋爱中的女人等。他的小说因性描写而曾备受争议，其实他是通过性反映资本主义工业文明对人性的扭曲，试图通过性追求回归自然的人类天性。11 【正确答案】 Ralph Waldo Emerson, Self-Reliance12 【正确答案】 Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter13 【正确答案】 Herman Melville, Moby Dick【试题解析】 莫比-迪克是 19 世纪美国最重要的小说家之一赫尔曼 麦尔维尔的一篇海洋题材的小说，是他的代表作。本段节选自
45、小说第 41 章，讲述关于船长亚哈和白鲸莫比迪克的恩怨。14 【正确答案】 William Blake, Tiger15 【正确答案】 George Gordon Byron, She Walks in Beauty16 【正确答案】 Graham Swift, Our Nickys Heart【试题解析】 故事中母亲最疼爱的小儿子 Nicky 意外去世，母亲无比悲痛，故事就围绕 Nicky 的心脏捐赠展开。作者格雷厄姆斯威夫特是英国当代杰出的小说家，其小说最后的遗嘱(Last Order)获得 1996 年布克小说奖。斯威夫特常通过对小说人物命运的考查，思考关于历史、生命、爱情、婚姻、死亡等
46、方面的问题，用生动的笔触描绘了当代英国社会的人生百态和时代风貌。17 【正确答案】 Robert Frost, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening【试题解析】 雪夜林边小驻是现代英语公认的短篇杰作。诗中的“我”在一个雪夜赶路，途经一片树林，被树林的幽深、寂静吸引，暂时忘记了行程，但最后还是催促自己继续赶路。这首诗意境深入浅出，貌似写景，却别有寓意。“树林”是一种含义不确定的隐喻。在这首诗中，被白雪覆盖的树林虽然幽静，但也是一个神秘的、充满可能性的存在，让疲倦的行人驻足不前。有人认为它代表了人生的诱惑，还有人说树林是人生的最后归宿死亡的化身，都有一定的道理，
47、但无论作何理解，在：讨林面前，一个行路的人要做出自己的选择和判断。【节选译文】我的小马一定颇惊讶：四望不见有什么农家，偏是一年最暗的黄昏，寒林和冰湖之间停下。余光中译18 【正确答案】 Ernest Hemingway, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place19 【正确答案】 Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Kubla Khan【试题解析】 忽必烈汗是一首仅有 54 行的诗，充满了东方情调。全诗分三节，起首突如其来，随后不断涌进恍惚离奇的幻象。诗中既无故事情节，也没有明确的主旨，只是传达了一种幻觉或印象。作品虽然以忽必烈汗为题，但并没有刻意描写或赞颂这位中国
48、帝王的伟业，而是将这位传奇人物当作寄情表意的媒介，充分发挥诗人的想象力，创造了一种优美的旋律和超凡的意境。另外，这首诗在叙述方面的确具有独创性，在叙述过程中不断出现语义断裂和不连贯现象，让读者更加关注诗歌的形式，充分领略其神奇而优美的韵律，也开拓了西方诗歌的新视野。【节选译文】但是，啊!那深沉而奇异的巨壑沿青山斜裂，横过伞盖的柏树!野蛮的地方，既神圣而又着了魔好像有女人在衰落的月色里出没，为她的魔鬼情郎而凄声嚎哭!20 【正确答案】 Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice【试题解析】 傲慢与偏见是简奥斯汀最早完成的作品，开始取名为最初的印象。21 【正确答案】 Henry James, The Jolly Corner【试题解析】 幸福角是亨利?詹姆斯所写的鬼故事。作为跨越两个世纪的美国现代小说家，国际题材为主题的小说为他赢得了很高的声誉。比较而言，鬼故事在亨利?詹姆斯的文学创作中并不占主流地位，但也是他文学创作的一个重要组成部分。詹姆斯的鬼故事与传统哥特式小说的根本区别在于：詹姆斯的鬼故事作为表现手法，是一种作者借以展示人的潜意识中
