1、2016 年北京航空航天大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷及答案与解析一、Vocabulary1 This liquid is highly_; it should be kept in a tightly stopped bottle.（A）volatile（B） voluble（C） voluptuous（D）voracious2 The_workroom has not been used in years.（A）bereft（B） bustling（C） derelict（D）stricken3 He refused to see anyone and remained a_all his li
2、fe.（A）heretic（B） fugitive（C） hermit（D）veteran4 This spacious room is_furnished with just a few articles in it.（A）lightly（B） sparsely（C） hardly（D）rarely5 By the end of the 19th century Arthur Rackham was devoting most of his time to book_, though he also drew for magazine.（A）illustration（B） designati
3、on（C） restoration（D）identification6 I could not wish for a more_occasion to announce my plan to enlarge our establishment.（A）benign（B） ominous（C） propitious（D）portentous7 The effectiveness of government depends on the willingness of the governed to give up some degree of freedom and_the laws in retu
4、rn for the assurance of an orderly existence.（A）profit by（B） resort to（C） conform to（D）abide by8 She has taken a (n) _to wearing my shoes around the house.（A）interest（B） fancy（C） crush（D）mania9 Ever since the rise of industrialism, education has been_towards producing workers.（A）harnessed（B） hatched
5、（C） motivated（D）geared10 Overindulgence_character as well as physical stamina.（A）debilitates（B） disregards（C） fortifies（D）strengthens11 Well_you for any damage done to your house while we are in it.（A）compensate（B） remedy（C） supplement（D）retrieve12 For all their Continental_, Europeans can be remark
6、ably lax about e-mail security.（A）fastidiousness（B） fraternity（C） frugality（D）futility13 At the_of his power, Powhatan ruled so many Algonquian tribes that he needed eight interpreters just to converse with members of his own affiliated tribes.（A）ascent（B） fatigue（C） sphere（D）zenith14 We met Mary an
7、d her husband at a party two months ago. _weve had no further communication.（A）Thereof（B） Thereby（C） Thereafter（D）Thereabouts15 Even though you just got fired, remember_ at least you dont have to work for that grouchy boss anymore!（A）that it happens only once in a blue moon（B） which side your bread
8、is buttered on（C） that every cloud has a silver lining（D）that it is not yet time to throw in the towel16 That old man is more than 80 years old, but he is as fit as a_.（A）fad（B） fetter（C） flint（D）fiddle17 The speaker had to_in the middle of his speech because of shouts of protest from the audience.（
9、A）break down（B） break out（C） break off（D）break up18 In times of difficulty, he had to_his family by selling newspapers.（A）care for（B） provide for（C） attend on（D）wait on19 Not until the 1850s_in New York seek to rescue historic building from destruction or alteration.（A）some concerned citizens（B） did
10、 some concerned citizens（C） some citizens concerned（D）when some concerned citizens did20 His reputation in his profession was_he grew rich, and retired to an estate.（A）so as that（B） such as that（C） so that（D）such that21 The square is 500 yards wide, five times_the size of St. Peters in Rome.（A）/（B）
11、that of（C） which is（D）of22 The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, _to the body.（A）the stress it is greater（B） greater is the stress（C） greater stress is（D）the greater the stress23 The board deemed it urgent that these files_right away.（A）had to be printed（B）
12、 should have been printed（C） must be printed（D）should be printed24 _, in the late 1800s, some libraries had to keep as many as twenty to thirty copies of each of Mary Jane Holmess books on hand.（A）Inventories showing（B） That show inventories（C） Inventories show that（D）Showing the inventories25 The p
13、rofessor can hardly find sufficient grounds_his argument in favor of the new theory.（A）which to base on（B） on which to base（C） to base on which（D）which to be based on26 King Wu died shortly after the conquest, _.（A）leaving a huge territory to be consolidated（B） a huge territory was left to be consol
14、idated（C） left a huge territory to consolidate（D）that consolidated a huge territory to be left27 All matter, _, is made up of atoms.（A）whether it be gas, liquid or solid（B） no matter gas, liquid or solid（C） being it gas, liquid or solid（D）which is gas, liquid or solid28 We_the letter yesterday, but
15、it didnt arrive.（A）must receive（B） ought to receive（C） must have received（D）ought to have received29 Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery _just around the corner was untrue.（A）would be（B） to be（C） was（D）being30 Greater efforts to increas
16、e agricultural production must be made if food shortage_.（A）is to be avoided（B） can be avoided（C） will be avoided（D）has been avoided二、Reading Comprehension30 Can electricity cause cancer? In a society that literally runs on electric power, the very idea seems preposterous. But for more than a decade
17、, a growing band of scientists and journalists has pointed to studies that seem to link exposure to electromagnetic fields with increased risk of leukemia and other malignancies. The implications are unsettling, to say the least, since everyone comes into contact with such fields, which are generate
18、d by everything electrical, from power lines and antennas to personal computers and micro-wave ovens. Because evidence on the subject is inconclusive and often contradictory, it has been hard to decide whether concern about the health effects of electricity is legitimate or the worst kind of paranoi
19、a.Now the alarmists have gained some qualified support from the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. In the executive summary of a new scientific review, released in draft form late last week, the EPA has put forward what amounts to the most serious government warning to date. The agency tentative
20、ly concludes that scientific evidence “suggests a casual link“ between extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields those having very long wave lengths and leukemia, lymphoma and brain cancer. While the report falls short of classifying ELF fields as probable carcinogens, it does identify the comm
21、on 60-hertz magnetic field as “ a possible , but not proven, cause of cancer in humans. “The report is no reason to panic or even to lost sleep. If there is a cancer risk, it is a small one. The evidence is still so controversial that the draft stirred a great deal of debate within the government, a
22、nd the EPA released it over strong objections from the Pentagon and the White House. But now no one can deny that the issue must be taken seriously and that much more research is needed.At the heart of the debate is a simple and well-understood physical phenomenon: When an electric current passes th
23、rough a wire, it generates an electromagnetic field that exerts forces on surrounding objects. For many years, scientists dismissed any suggestion that such forces might be harmful, primarily because they are so extraordinarily weak. The ELF magnetic field generated by a video terminal measures only
24、 a few milligauss, or about one-hundredth the strength of the earths own magnetic field. The electric fields surrounding a power line can be as high as 10 kilo volts per meter, but the corresponding field induced in human cells will be only about 1 millivolt per meter. This is far less than the elec
25、tric fields that the cells themselves generate.How could such minuscule forces pose a health danger? The consensus used to be that they could not, and for decades scientists concentrated on more powerful kinds of radiation, like X-rays, that pack sufficient wallop to knock electrons out of the molec
26、ules that make up the human body. Such “ionizing“ radiations have been clearly linked to increased cancer risks and there are regulations to control emissions.But epidemiological studies, which find statistical associations between sets of data, do not prove cause and effect. Though there is a body
27、of laboratory work showing that exposure to ELF fields can have biological effects on animal tissues, a mechanism by which those effects could lead to cancerous growths has never been found.The Pentagon is far from persuaded. In a blistering 33-page critique of the EPA report, Air Force scientists c
28、harge its authors with having “biased the entire document“ toward proving a link. “Our reviewers are convinced that there is no suggestion that (electromagnetic fields) present in the environment induce or promote cancer,“ the Air Force concludes. “It is astonishing that the EPA would lend its impri
29、matur on this report.“ Then Pentagons concern is understandable. There is hardly a unit of the modern military that does not depend on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment, from huge ground-based radar towers to the defense systems built into every warship and plane.31 The main idea of
30、 this passage is_.（A）studies on the cause of cancer（B） controversial viewpoints on the cause of cancer（C） the relationship between electricity and cancer（D）different ideas about the effect of electricity on cancer32 The viewpoint of the EPA is_.（A）there is casual link between electricity and cancer（
31、B） electricity really affects cancer（C） electromagnetic fields with long wave lengths are safe（D）low-frequency electromagnetic fields are a possible cause of cancer33 Why did the Pentagon object to the release of the report? Because_.（A）it may stir a great deal of debate in the government（B） almost
32、every modern military unit depends on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipment（C） the authors of the report prove a link between the use of electronic equipment and cancer（D）they had different arguments34 It can be inferred from the physical phenomenon that_ _.（A）the force of the electroma
33、gnetic field is too weak to be harmful（B） the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generate（C） electromagnetic fields may affect health（D）only more powerful radiation can knock electrons out of the human body35 What do you think ordinary citizens may do
34、 after reading the different arguments?（A）They are indifferent.（B） They are very worried.（C） The may exercise prudent avoidance.（D）They are shocked.35 In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not eve
35、n questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly a
36、rgue in favor of violence as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at all. We may wear collars and ties instead of war-paint, but our insti
37、ncts remain basically unchanged. The whole of the recorded history of the human race, that tedious documentation of violence, has taught us absolutely nothing. We have still not learnt that violence never solves a problem but makes it more acute. The sheer horror, the bloodshed, the suffering mean n
38、othing. No solution ever comes to light the morning after when we dismally contemplate the smoking ruins and wonder what hit us.The truly reasonable men who know where the solutions lie are finding it harder and harder to get a hearing. They are despised, mistrusted and even persecuted by their own
39、kind because they advocate such apparently outrageous things as law enforcement. If half the energy that goes into violent acts were put to good use, if our efforts were directed at cleaning up the slums and ghettos, at improving living-standards and providing education and employment for all, we wo
40、uld have gone a long way to arriving at a solution. Our strength is sapped by having to mop up the mess that violence leaves in its wake. In a well-directed effort, it would not be impossible to fulfill the ideals of a stable social programme. The benefits that can be derived from constructive solut
41、ions are everywhere apparent in the world around us. Genuine and lasting solutions are always possible, providing we work within the framework of the law.Before we can even begin to contemplate peaceful co-existence between the races, we must appreciate each others problems. And to do this, we must
42、learn about them; it is a simple exercise in communication, in exchanging information. “Talk, talk, talk,“ the advocates of violence say, “all you ever do is talk, and we are none the wiser. “ Its rather like the story of the famous barrister who painstakingly explained his case to the judge. After
43、listening to a lengthy argument the judge complained that after all this talk, he was none the wiser. “Possible, my lord,“ the barrister replied, “none the wiser, but surely far better informed.“ Knowledge is the necessary prerequisite to wisdom: the knowledge that violence creates the evils it pret
44、ends to solve.36 What is the best title for this passage?（A）Advocating Violence.（B） Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice.（C） Important People on Both Sides See Violence As a Legitimate Solution.（D）The Instincts of Human Race Are Thirsty for Violence.37 When it comes to how we solve dif
45、ferences, recorded history has taught us_.（A）violence never solves anything（B） nothing（C） the bloodshed means nothing（D）everything38 It can be inferred that truly reasonable men_.（A）cant get a hearing（B） are looked down upon（C） are persecuted（D）have difficulty in advocating law enforcement39 “ He wa
46、s none the wiser“ ( Line 5 6, Paragraph 3 ) means_.（A）he was not at all wise in listening（B） he was not at all wiser than nothing before（C） he gained nothing after listening（D）he made no sense of the argument40 According the author, the best way to address racial prejudice is_.（A）law enforcement（B）
47、knowledge（C） nonviolence（D）mopping up the violent mess40 The work of English writer Aphra Behn (1640 1689) changed markedly during the 1680s, as she turned from writing plays to writing prose narratives. According to literary critic Rachel Carnell, most scholars view this change as primarily motivat
48、ed by financial considerations: earning a living by writing for the theatre became more difficult in the 1680s, so Behn tried various other types of prose genres in the hope of finding another lucrative medium. In fact, a long epistolary scandal novel that she wrote in the mid-1680s sold quite well.
49、 Yet, as Carnell notes, Behn did not repeat this approach in her other prose works; instead, she turned to writing shorter, more serious novels, even though only about half of these were published during her lifetime. Carnell argues that Behn, whose stage productions are primarily comedies, may have turned to an emerging literary form, the novel, in a conscious attempt
