1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 101 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Kelly Sortino had a tough time recalling what shed accomplished at the end of each busy workday. Her job as head of the upper scho
2、ol for the Crystal Springs Uplands School in Hillsborough, Calif, often【C1 】_ working 12-hour days, including weekends and evenings. She enjoyed the【C2】_ but worried that she wasn t accomplishing everything she needed to. “I felt as if I wasn t really having the time to do more of the strategic and【
3、C3】_work to make those larger changes at the school.“ says Ms. Sortino.She decided to【C4】_a workshop at Stanford University on how to simplify work processes and reduce waste. She learned, 【C5】_, to block out her time more efficiently and minimize distractions. She also【C6】_ herself to systematicall
4、y completing her daily task list and to completely clearing her email inbox and workspace on a regular【C7】_. The changes 【C8】_a marked improvement in her time management. Ms. Sortino【C9】_works on weekends, but only as needed.Its a tough time to be productive. Globalization, increased competition and
5、 the jarring immediacy of technology have made it difficult for modern employees to【C10 】_on top of their growing workloads while maintaining a good work-life balance. 【C11】_, experts say small adjustments to how employees 【C12 】_work can have a big impact on their workplace efficiency.Learn to prio
6、ritize and to commit yourself to working in【C13】_blocks of time throughout the day. A 2009 Stanford University study found that multitasking is less productive than single-tasking and that many self-proclaimed multitaskers have difficulty【C14】_out irrelevant information, further【C15】_their performan
7、ce.Its especially important to【C16】_what motivates the decisions your boss makes. Most subordinates have an employee-centric view【C17】_their managers, which tends not to be accurate. A better understanding of your boss can help you to “sell“ the advice about【C18】_changes that can benefit the departm
8、ent and company.【C19】_with your boss to prioritize important work and eliminate unproductive tasks. Employees may think changing job functions is risky,【C20 】_being proactive can impress your boss.1 【C1 】（A）required（B） forced（C） compelled（D）requested2 【C2 】（A）title（B） overtime（C） recall（D）work3 【C3
9、】（A）complicated（B） visioning（C） important（D）regular4 【C4 】（A）participate（B） have（C） start（D）take5 【C5 】（A）by the way（B） in fact（C） for example（D）in particular6 【C6 】（A）contribute（B） commit（C） ask（D）allow7 【C7 】（A）scale（B） amount（C） basis（D）time8 【C8 】（A）made（B） followed（C） meant（D）produced9 【C9 】（A）
10、still（B） also（C） seldom（D）sometimes10 【C10 】（A）relax（B） compete（C） stay（D）work11 【C11 】（A）Besides（B） Therefore（C） Fortunately（D）Otherwise12 【C12 】（A）stick to（B） think about（C） start with（D）take over13 【C13 】（A）uninterrupted（B） individual（C） countable（D）separated14 【C14 】（A）figuring（B） finding（C） pic
11、king（D）filtering15 【C15 】（A）increase（B） diminish（C） accumulate（D）destroy16 【C16 】（A）guess（B） understand（C） collect（D）imagine17 【C17 】（A）in（B） on（C） for（D）of18 【C18 】（A）process（B） time（C） staff（D）system19 【C19 】（A）Accompany（B） Operate（C） Follow（D）Work20 【C20 】（A）but（B） and（C） so（D）unlessPart ADirecti
12、ons: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)20 Across the country, districts are struggling with shortages of teachers, particularly in math, science and special educationa result of the layoffs of the recession years combined with an
13、 improving economy in which fewer people are training to be teachers. At the same time, a growing number of English-language learners are entering public schools, yet it is increasingly difficult to find bilingual teachers. So schools are looking for applicants everywhere they canwhether out of stat
14、e or out of countryand wooing candidates earlier and quicker. Some are even asking prospective teachers to train on the job, hiring novices still studying for their teaching credentials, with little, if any, classroom experience.Louisville, Ky.; Nashville; Oklahoma City; and Providence, R.I., are am
15、ong the large urban school districts having trouble finding teachers, according to the Council of the Great City Schools, which represents large urban districts. Just one month before the opening of classes, Charlotte, N.C., was desperately trying to fill 200 vacancies.Nationwide, many teachers were
16、 laid off during the recession, but the situation was particularly acute in California, which lost 82,000 jobs in schools from 2008 to 2012, according to Labor Department figures. This academic year, districts have to fill 21,500 slots, according to estimates from the California Department of Educat
17、ion, while the state is issuing fewer than 15,000 new teaching credentials a year.“We are no longer in a layoff situation,“ said Monica Vasquez, chief human resources officer for the San Francisco Unified School District, which offered early contracts to 140 teachers last spring in a bid to secure c
18、andidates before other districts snapped them up. “But there is an impending teacher shortage,“ Ms. Vasquez added, before correcting herself: “Its not impending. Its here.“With state budgets rallying after the recession, spending on public schools is slowly recovering, helping to fuel some of the hi
19、ring. In California, Gov. Jerry Brown persuaded voters in 2012 to pass a sales and income tax measure that raised funding for public schools.But educators say that during the recession and its aftermath prospective teachers became wary of accumulating debt or training for jobs that might not exist.
20、As the economy has recovered, college graduates have more employment options with better pay and a more glamorous image, like in a rebounding technology sector.21 It is indicated in Paragraph 1 that_.（A）the shortages of teachers is related to the layoffs of the recession years（B） the number of peopl
21、e who are training to be teachers is increasing（C） the growing number of English-language learners makes it easier to find teachers（D）many schools are carrying out a loose policy for hiring teachers22 Charlotte, N.C. is cited as an example of_.（A）population explosion（B） high demand to teachers（C） th
22、e shortage of teachers in urban school districts（D）enough vacancies in big cities23 Ms. Vasquez would most likely agree that_.（A）we are still in a layoff situation（B） schools begin to hire teachers early（C） the teacher shortage will happen in the future（D）the recession is making the situation worse2
23、4 It is suggested that the sales and income tax measure is for_.（A）reducing expenses（B） improving the teaching quality（C） collecting money for public schools（D）gaining the public s votes25 Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text?（A）The measures for teachers shortage.（B）
24、The reform of American public schools.（C） The situation of teacher shortage in America.（D）The results of teacher shortage in America.25 On her first morning in America, last summer, my daughter went out to explore her new neighborhoodalone, without even telling my wife or me. Of course we were worri
25、ed; we had just moved from Berlin, and she was just 8. But when she came home, we realized we had no reason to panic. Beaming with pride, she told us how she had discovered the little park around the corner, and had made friends with a few local dog owners. She had taken possession of her new enviro
26、nment, and was keen to teach us things we didnt know.When this story comes up in conversations with American friends, we are usually met with polite disbelief. Most are horrified by the idea that their children might roam around without adult supervision. A study by the University of California, Los
27、 Angeles, has found that American kids spend 90 percent of their leisure time at home. Even when kids are physically active, they are watched closely by adults. Such narrowing of the childs world has happened across the developed world. But Germany is generally much more accepting of letting childre
28、n take some risks. To this German parent, it seems that Americas middle class has taken overprotective parenting to a new level.“We are depriving them of opportunities to learn how to take control of their own lives,“ writes Peter Gray, a research professor at Boston College. He argues that this inc
29、reases “the chance that they will suffer from anxiety, depression, and so on,“ which have gone up dramatically in recent decades. He sees risky, outside play of children among themselves without adult supervision as a way of learning to control strong emotions like anger and fear.I am no psychologis
30、t like Professor Gray, but I know I wont be around forever to protect my girl from the challenges life holds in store for her, so the earlier she develop the intellectual maturity to navigate the world, the better. And by giving kids more control over their lives, they learn to have more confidence
31、in their own capabilities.It is hard for parents to balance the desire to protect their children against the desire to make them more self-reliant. And every one of us has to decide for himself what level of risk he is ready to accept. But parents who prefer to keep their children always in sight an
32、d under their thumbs should consider what sort of trade-offs are involved in that choice.26 Which of the following is NOT true about the authors daughter?（A）She went out without adult supervision.（B） She knew where the little park was located.（C） She visited her new neighbors and made some friends.（
33、D）She had more ideas about the surroundings than the author.27 Different from American kids, German kids_.（A）are allowed to be faced with some risks（B） spend about 10% of their free time at home（C） will be overprotected when moved in America（D）are more self-reliant than kids in any other developed c
34、ountries28 According to Peter Gray, overprotection may lead to_.（A）underlying risks（B） mental disorders（C） adolescent rebellion（D）emotional problems29 The authors attitude towards loosening the control over kids is_.（A）confident（B） objective（C） critical（D）supportive30 The most appropriate title for
35、this text would be_.（A）The Case for Free-range Parenting（B） The Drawback of Adult Supervision（C） Protection or Hands-off Management（D）American Parenting vs. German Parenting30 Bill Gates was 20 years old. Steve Jobs was 21. Warren Buffett was 26. Ralph Lauren was 28. Estee Lauder was 29.These now ic
36、onic names were all 20-somethings when they started their companies that would throw them, and their enterprises, into some of the biggest successes ever known. Consider this: many of the truly remarkable innovations of the latest generationa list that includes Google, Facebook and Twitterwere all f
37、ounded by people under 30. The number of people in their mid-20s disrupting entire industries, taking on jobs usually reserved for people twice their age and doing it in the glare of millions of social media “followers“ seems to be growing very rapidly.So what is it about that youthful decade after
38、those awkward teenage years that inspires such shoot-for-the-moon success? Does age really have something to do with it? It does. Young people bring fresh eyes to confronting problems and challenges that others have given up on. 20-something entrepreneurs see no boundaries and see no limits. And the
39、y can make change happen. Peter Thiel, the co-founder of PayPal, has another, colder theory that may explain it: Ultimately, its about money.In other words, its the young people who have nothing to lose, with no mortgage and, frankly, with nothing to do on a Friday night except work, who are the one
40、s often willing to take the biggest risks. Sure, they are talented. But its their persistence and zeal, the desire to stay up until 6 a.m. chugging Red Bull, that is the difference between being a salaried employee and an entrepreneur.Thats not to say that most 20-somethings are finding success. The
41、yre not. The latest crop of uber-successful young entrepreneurs, designers and authors are far, far from the norm. In truth, unemployment for workers age 16 to 24 is double the national average.One of the biggest challenges facing this next generationand one that may prevent more visionary entrepren
42、eurs from succeedingis the staggering rise in the level of debt college students have been left with. If Peter Thiels theory is right, it is going to be harder and harder for young people to take big risks because they will be crushed with obligations before they even begin.If youre over 29 years ol
43、d and still havent made your world-changing mark, dont despair. Some older people have had big breakthroughs, too. Thomas Edison didnt invent the phonograph until he was 30.31 The first paragraph is used to show_.（A）various famous men（B） the age of founders（C） the success of enterprises（D）the succes
44、s of 20-somethings32 Which of the following statements cannot explain the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?（A）20-something entrepreneurs can drive change.（B） 20-something entrepreneurs have new perspectives.（C） 20-something entrepreneurs do not need to worry about money.（D）20-something entrepreneu
45、rs believe there is no obstacle that they cant hurdle.33 All of the following are differences between being salaried employees and entrepreneurs EXCEPT_.（A）their zeal（B） their talent（C） their persistence（D）their desire to stay up34 The biggest challenge that may stop more visionary entrepreneurs fro
46、m succeeding is that_.（A）they are confronted with increasing obligations（B） their debts run up alarmingly and very unsteadily（C） they have more mortgage than other college students（D）they have far less wealth than their parents did at the same age35 With regard to 20-somethings success, we can learn
47、 from the text that_.（A）they succeed because of having money（B） older people can hardly make breakthroughs（C） it is uncommon among most young people（D）it is common in the field of information science and technology35 Women have been driving yellow cabs in New York since the 1940s, but 99% of drivers
48、 are male. Even among drivers of cars booked by phone or online, only 4% are women. That may change with the launch of SheTaxis, an app that lets female passengers insist on female drivers, and vice versa.It will be available in New York City, Westchester and Long Island, and the firm plans to expan
49、d to other cities. Stella Mateo, the founder, is betting that quite a few women are nervous and weary of getting into cars driven by men. The service may also appeal to those whose religious beliefs forbid them to travel with unrelated men. Each driver wears a pink pashmina. Men who ask for a ride will be directed to another car service.Similar services thrive in India, South Africa and sever
