1、考研英语（二）模拟试卷 23 及答案与解析一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 The majority of people, about nine out of ten, are right-handed. (1)_ until recently, people who were left-handed were considered (
2、2)_ and once children showed this tendency they were forced to use their right hands. Today left-handedness is generally (3)_, but it is still a disadvantage in a world (4)_ most people are right-handed. For example, most tools and implements are still (5)_ for right-handed people.In sports (6)_ con
3、trast, doing things with the left hand or foot, is often an advantage. Throwing, kicking, punching or batting from the“ (7)_ “side may result in throwing (8)_ many opponents who are more accustomed to dealing with the (9)_ of players who are right-handed. This is why, in many (10)_ at a professional
4、 level, a (11)_ proportion of players are left-handed than in the population as a whole.The word “right“ in many languages means “correct“ or is (12)_ with lawfulness, whereas the words associated (13)_ “left“, such as “sinister“, generally have (14)_ associations. Moreover, among a number of primit
5、ive peoples, there is (15)_ close association between death and the left hand.In the past, in (16)_ western societies, children were often forced to use their right hands, especially to write with. In some cases the left hand was (17)_ behind the childs back so that it could not be used. If, in the
6、future, they are allowed to choose, (18)_ will certainly be more left-handers, and probably (19)_ people with minor psychological disturbances as a result of being forced to use their (20)_ hand.（A）Down（B） Never（C） Up（D）Not（A）unique（B） eccentric（C） normal（D）abnormal（A）accepted（B） admitted（C） approve
7、d（D）acknowledged（A）when（B） that（C） where（D）which（A）ordered（B） designed（C） planned（D）supposed（A）by（B） for（C） at（D）with（A）proper（B） indirect（C） correct（D）wrong（A）away（B） down（C） off（D）up（A）minority（B） majority（C） plenty（D）lack（A）games（B） hobbies（C） activities（D）rounds（A）more（B） higher（C） better（D）smal
8、ler（A）related（B） mixed（C） connected（D）combined（A）by（B） with（C） to（D）at（A）negative（B） positive（C） similar（D）equal（A）the（B） any（C） some（D）a（A）all（B） mostly（C） any（D）most（A）tied（B） attached（C） brought（D）removed（A）those（B） these（C） there（D）they（A）on（B） more（C） greater（D）fewer（A）left（B） right（C） either（D
9、）correctPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)21 Is the literary critic like the poet, responding creatively, intuitively, subjectively to the written word as the poet responds to human experience? Or is the critic
10、more like a scientist, following a series of demonstrable, verifiable steps, using an objective method of analysis?For the woman who is a practitioner of feminist literary criticism, the subjectivity versus objectivity, or critic-as-artist-or-scientist, debate has special significance; for her, the
11、question is not only academic, but political as well, and her definition will provoke special risks whichever side of the issue it favors. If she defines feminist criticism as objective and scientifica valid, verifiable, intellectual method that anyone, whether man or woman, can performthe definitio
12、n not only makes the critic-as-artist approach impossible, but may also hinder accomplishment of the utilitarian political objectives of those who seek to change the academic establishment and its thinking, especially about sex roles. If she defines feminist criticism as creative and intuitive, priv
13、ileged as art, then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices of stereotypic ideas about the ways in which women think, and will be dismissed by much of the academic establishment. Because of these prejudices, women who use an intuitive approach in their criticism may find themselves charged wit
14、h inability to be analytical, to be objective, or to think critically. Whereas men may be free to claim the role of critic-as-artist, women run different professional risks when they choose intuition and private experience as critical method and defense.These questions are political in the sense tha
15、t the debate over them will inevitably be less an exploration of abstract matters in a spirit of disinterested inquiry than an academic power struggle, in which the careers and professional fortunes of many women scholars only now entering the academic profession in substantial numbers will be at st
16、ake, and with them the chances for a distinctive contribution to humanistic understanding, a contribution that might be an important influence against sexism in our society.As long as the academic establishment continues to regard objective analysis as “masculine“ and an intuitive approach as “femin
17、ine“, the theoretician must steer a delicate philosophical course between the two. If she wishes to construct a theory of feminist criticism, she would be well advised to place it within the framework of a general theory of the critical process that is neither purely objective nor purely intuitive.
18、Her theory is then more likely to be compared and contrasted with other theories of criticism with some degree of dispassionate distance.21 Which of the following titles best summarizes the content of the text?（A）How Theories of Literary Criticism Can Best Be Used（B） Problems Confronting Women Who A
19、re Feminist Literary Critics（C） A Historical Overview of Feminist Literary Criticism（D）Literary Criticism: Art or Science22 According to the author, the debate has special significance for the woman who is a theoretician of feminist literary criticism because _.（A）women who are literary critics face
20、 professional risks different from those faced by men who are literary critics.（B） there are large numbers of capable women working within the academic establishment.（C） there are a few powerful feminist critics who have been recognized by the academic establishment.（D）like other critics, most women
21、 who are literary critics define criticism as either scientific or artistic.23 The author specifically mentions all of the following as difficulties that particularly affect women who are theoreticians of feminist literary criticism EXCEPT the _.（A）tendency of a predominantly male academic establish
22、ment to form preconceptions about women.（B） limitations that are imposed when criticism is defined as objective and scientific.（C） likelihood that the work of a woman theoretician who claims the privilege of art will be viewed with prejudice by some academics.（D）tendency of members of the academic e
23、stablishment to treat all forms of feminist literary theory with hostility.24 It can be inferred that the author would define as “political“ (Line 1, Para.3) the questions that _.（A）cannot be resolved without extensive debate.（B） are primarily academic in nature and open to abstract analysis.（C） are
24、 contested largely through contention over power.（D）will be debated by both men and women.25 Which of the following is most likely to be one of the “utilitarian political objectives“ mentioned by the author?（A）To forge a new theory of literary criticism.（B） To pursue truth in a disinterested manner.
25、（C） To demonstrate that women are interested in literary criticism that can be viewed either subjectively or objectively.（D）To convince the academic establishment to revise the ways in which it assesses women scholars professional qualities.26 The importance and focus of the interview in the work of
26、 the print and broadcast journalist is reflected in several books that have been written on the topic. Most of these books, as well as several chapters, mainly in, but not limited to, journalism and broadcasting handbooks and reporting texts, stress the “flow to“ aspects of journalistic interviewing
27、 rather than the conceptual aspects of the interview, its context, and implications. Much of the “how to“ material is based on personal experiences and general impressions. As we know, in journalism as in other fields, much can be learned from the systematic study of professional practice. Such stud
28、y brings together evidence from which broad generalized principles can be developed.There is, as has been suggested, a growing body of research literature in journalism and broadcasting, but very little significant attention has been devoted to the study of the interview itself. On the other hand, m
29、any general texts as well as numerous research articles on interviewing in fields other than journalism have been written. Many of these books and articles present the theoretical and empirical aspects of the interview as well as the training of the interviewers. Unhappily, this plentiful general li
30、terature about interviewing pays little attention to the journalistic interview, which seems to be surprising for two reasons. First, it seems likely that most people in modem Western societies are more familiar, at least in a positive manner, with journalistic interviewing than any other form of in
31、terviewing. Most of us are probably somewhat familiar with the clinical interview, such as that conducted by physicians and psychologists. In these situations the professional person or interviewer is interested in getting information necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of the person seeking h
32、elp. Another familiar situation is the job interview.However, very few of us have actually been interviewed personally by the mass media, particularly by television. And yet, we have a vivid acquaintance with the journalistic interview by virtue of our roles as readers, listeners, and viewers. Even
33、so, the understanding of the journalistic interview, especially television interviews, requires thoughtful analyses and even study, as this book indicates.26 The key point of the first paragraph is that_（A）generalized principles for journalistic interviews are the chief concern for writers on journa
34、lism（B） importance should be attached to the systematic study of journalistic interviewing（C） concepts and contextual implications are of secondary importance to journalistic interviewing（D）personal experiences and general impressions should be excluded from journalistic interviews27 Much research h
35、as been done on interviews in general_（A）so the training of journalistic interviewers has likewise been strengthened（B） though the study of the interviewing techniques hasnt received much attention（C） but journalistic interviewing as a specific field has unfortunately been neglected（D）personal exper
36、iences and general impressions should be excluded from journalistic interviews28 Westerners are familiar with the journalistic interview,_（A）but most of them wish to stay away from it（B） and many of them hope to be interviewed some day（C） and many of them would like to acquire a true understanding o
37、f it（D）but most of them may not have been interviewed in person29 Who is the interviewee in a clinical interview?_（A）The patient（B） The physician（C） The journalist（D）The psychologist30 The article is most likely a part of_（A）a news article（B） a journalistic interview（C） a research report（D）a preface
38、31 Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing. They actually saw it as a factor in world peace. They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies. None of them foresaw that the more we are t
39、ogetherthe more chances there are of war. Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new invention is put forward, those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn. The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be mos
40、t dangerous to public health: they would produce colds, catarrhs(黏膜炎) and consumptions. The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire, would have a bad effect on the nerves. Further, being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs. In those with high blood
41、pressure, the movement of the train might produce apoplexy. The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel, and the equally sudden rush into full daylight, would cause great damage to eyesight. But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say ju
42、st the opposite. They said that the speed and swing of the train would equalize the circulation, promote digestion, tranquilize the nerves, and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable. If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain, or ins
43、ide in dirty air, the railway offered little more in the way of comfort. Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats; but the second-class had only narrow bare boards, while the third-class had nothing at all; no seats and no roof; they were just open trucks. So that third-class passenge
44、rs gained nothing from the few mode except speed. In the matter of comfort, indeed they lost; they did, on the coaches, have a seat, but now they had to stand all the way, which gave opportunities to the comic press. This kind of thing: “A man was seen yesterday buying a third-class ticket for the n
45、ew London and Birmingham Railway. The state of his mind is being enquired into“.A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages. He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wo
46、od. Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came. He described them as horizontal shower-baths, from whose searching power there was no escape.31 All boys and girls in large families know that _.（A）a boy and a girl usual
47、ly fight when they are together（B） people tend to be together more than they used to be（C） a lot of people being together makes fights likely（D）railway leads the world to peace32 According to those who welcomed the railway, the railway itself should include all the following except that _.（A）the rai
48、lway enables people travel fast（B） the railway brings comfort to people（C） the railway makes the world peaceful（D）the railway leads the world to war as well33 According to the anti-railway group, all the followings are true but _.（A）tunnels are dangerous to public health（B） the noise and the glare o
49、f the engine fire may affect peoples nerves（C） the rapid speed through the air does damage to peoples lungs（D）to those with high blood-pressure, the rapid speed of the train causes them to die34 We may safely conclude that _.（A）the author belongs to the anti-railway group（B） the author belongs to the pro-railway group（C） the author speaks highly of the railway（D）the author may never take train because of its potential dangers35 What is the to
