1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 74 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 You are going to read a text about the tips on resume writing, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list AF for each numbered
2、 subheading(41 45). There is one extra example which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points) The main purpose of a resume is to convince an employer to grant you an interview. There are two kinds. One is the familiar “tombstone“ that lists where you went to school and
3、 where youve worked in chronological order. The other is what I call the “functional“ resumedescriptive, fun to read, unique to you and much more likely to land you an interview.Its handy to have a “tombstone“ for certain occasions. But prospective employers throw away most of those unrequested “tom
4、bstone“ lists, preferring to interview the quick rather than the dead.What follows are tips on writing a functional resume that will get reada resume that makes you come alive and look interesting to employers.【R1 】Put yourself firstIn order to write a resume others will read with enthusiasm, you ha
5、ve to feel important about yourself. _【R2 】Sell what you can do, not who you arePractice translating your personality traits, character, accomplishments and achievements into skill areas. There are at least five thousand skill areas in the world of work._Toot your own hornMany people clutch when ask
6、ed to think about their abilities. Some think they have none at all!But everyone does, and one of yours may just be the ticket an employer would be glad to punchif only you show it.【R3 】Be specific, be concrete, and be briefRemember that “brevity is the best policy. “_【R4 】Turn bad news into goodEve
7、rybody has had disappointments in work. If you have to mention yours, look for the positive side._【R5 】Never apologizeIf youre returning to the work force after fifteen years as a parent, simply write a short paragraph(summary of background)in place of a chronology of experience. Dont apologize for
8、working at being a mother; its the hardest job of all. If you have no special training or higher education, just dont mention education._The secret is to think about the self before you start writing about yourself. Take four or five hours off, not necessarily consecutive, and simply write down ever
9、y accomplishment in your life, on or off the job, that made you feel effective. Dont worry at first about what it all means. Study the list and try to spot patterns. As you study your list, you will come closer to the meaning: identifying your marketable skills. Once you discover patterns, give name
10、s to your cluster of accomplishments(leadership skills, budget management skills, child development skills etc). Try to list at least three accomplishments under the same skills heading. Now start writing your resume as if you mattered. It may take four drafts or more, and several weeks, before your
11、e ready to show it to a stranger(friends are usually too kind)for a reaction. When youre satisfied, send it to a printer; a printed resume is far superior to photocopies. It shows an employer that you regard job hunting as serious work, worth doing right.Isnt that the kind of person youd want workin
12、g for you?AA woman who lost her job as a teachers aide due to a cutback in government funding wrote; “Principal of elementary school cited me as the only teachers aide she would rehire if government funds became available. “BOne resume I received included the following; “invited by my superior to st
13、raighten out our organizations accounts receivable. Set up orderly repayment schedule, reconciled accounts weekly, and improved cash flow 100 per cent. Rewarded with raise and promotion. “ Notice how this woman focuses on results, specifies how she accomplished them, and mentions her rewardall in 34
14、 words.CFor example, if you have a flair for saving, managing and investing money, you have money management skills.DAn acquaintance complained of being biased when losing an opportunity due to the statement “Ready to learn though not so well educated“.EOne of my former colleagues, for example, wrot
15、e resumes in three different styles in order to find out which was more preferred. The result is, of course, the one that highlights skills and education background.FA woman once told me about a cash-flow crisis her employer had faced. Shed agreed to work without pay for three months until business
16、improved. Her reward was her back pay plus a 20 percent bonus. I asked why that marvelous story wasnt in her resume. She answered, “It wasnt important. “ What she was really saying of course was “Im not important. “1 【R1 】2 【R2 】3 【R3 】4 【R4 】5 【R5 】5 Directions; You are going to read a list of head
17、ings and a text about how to select a fund. Choose the most suitable heading from the list AF for each numbered paragraph(41 45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.AWatching related
18、 expenses and making wise choiceBPaying attention to detailsCWeighing your financial goals and expectations firstDMaintaining realistic expectationsENarrowing the searchFNot too specialEating better. Exercising. Investing. There are a lot of things you know should be doing. The problem is that getti
19、ng started always seems to be the hardest part. For many investors, mutual funds are a good way to go, but trying to sort through the number of available choicesnow more than 10,000 makes this important task appear overwhelming. Lets look at some ways to cut that number down to a reasonable size, as
20、 well as other factors to consider when selecting your first fund.【R1】 _Before you begin examining potential investments, its important to take some time to assess your own goals and risk tolerance. If you start with a clear objective in mind, as well as an understanding as to how you might react if
21、 your investment loses money, youll be less likely to purchase a fund that doesnt fit your needs. And thats what often leads to disappointment. It is important to look for funds that are appropriate for both your goals and your investment temperament.【R2】 _One way to begin your search for a good fun
22、d is to use the Morningstar star rating. The rating is a useful tool for narrowing the field to funds that have done a good job of balancing return and risk in the past. To assign ratings, Morningstar uses a formula that compares a funds risk-adjusted historical performance with that of other funds
23、within four rating groups- domestic stock funds, international stock funds, taxable bond funds, and municipal bond funds.【R3】 _Funds that invest solely in a single market sectors, called specialty funds, often have impressive returns and may be great additions to a diversified portfolio. However, th
24、e success of such funds depends largely on the fortunes of a particular market sector. Hence, specialty funds probably arent the best way to start. For your first fund, look for a diversified stock fund that has exposure to different types of stocks.【R4】 _Theres no free lunch in fund investing: in a
25、ddition to the sales fees that some fund companies charge, fund investors must also pay management fees and trading costs. Unfortunately, you dont necessarily get what you pay forno one has ever shown that more expensive funds provide greater returns. Look for funds with reasonable costs. The expens
26、e ratio, which expresses annual costs as a percentage a-mount, is probably the best number to use when comparing mutual fund costs.【R5】 _Whatever the market does, try to take it in stride. Youre in for the long haul, so dont worry about the markets day-to-day gyrations. Relax and resist the temptati
27、on to monitor your first investment daily. Check in on your mutual funds once a month, and give your portfolio a thorough exam every 6 to 12 months. And consider adding to your fund each month. An automatic investment plan makes it a relatively painless process.Finally, remember that the ultimate me
28、asure of your success as an investor depends not on your owning the best-performing mutual fund. Only one fund will be the top performer over the next decade, and theres no way to predict which one it will be. Meeting your own financial goals should ultimately be the yardstick by which you measure y
29、our investment success.6 【R1 】7 【R2 】8 【R3 】9 【R4 】10 【R5 】10 Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 4145. choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps
30、. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Long before Man lived on the Earth, there were fishes, reptiles, birds, insects, and some mammals. Although some of these animals were ancestors of kinds living today, others are now extinct, that is, they have no descendants alive now. 【R1】_. Very oc
31、casionally the rocks show impression of skin, so that, apart from color, we can build up a reasonably accurate picture of an animal that died millions of years ago. The kind of rock in which the remains are found tells us much about the nature of the original land, often of the plants that grew on i
32、t, and even of its climate.【R2 】_. Nearly all of the fossils that we know were preserved in rocks formed by water action, and most of these are of animals that lived in or near water. Thus it follows that there must be many kinds of mammals, birds, and insects of which we know nothing.【R3 】_. There
33、were also crab-like creatures, whose bodies were covered with a horny substance. The body segments each had two pairs of legs, one pair for walking on the sandy bottom, the other for swimming. The head was a kind of shield with a pair of compound eyes, often with thousands of lenses. They were usual
34、ly an inch or two long but some were 2 feet.【R4 】_. Of these, the ammonites are very interesting and important. They have a shell composed of many chambers, each representing a temporary home of the animal. As the young grew larger it grew a new chamber and sealed off the previous one. Thousands of
35、these can be seen in the rocks on the Dorset Coast.【R5 】_.About 75 million years ago the Age of Reptiles was over and most of the groups died out. The mammals quickly developed, and we can trace the evolution of many familiar animals such as the elephant and horse. Many of the later mammals, though
36、now extinct, were known to primitive man and were featured by him in cave paintings and on bone carvings.AThe shellfish have a long history in the rock and many different kinds are known.BNevertheless, we know a great deal about many of them because their bones and shells have been preserved in the
37、rocks as fossils. From them we can tell their size and shape, how they walked, the kind of food they ate.CThe first animals with true backbones were the fishes, first known in the rocks of 375 million years ago. About 300 million years ago the amphibians, the animals able to live both on land and in
38、 water, appeared. They were giant, sometimes 8 feet long, and many of them lived in the swampy pools in which our coal seam, or layer, formed. The amphibians gave rise to the reptiles and for nearly 150 million years these were the principal forms of life on land, in the sea, and in the air.DThe bes
39、t index fossils tend to be marine creatures. These animals evolved rapidly and spread over large areas of the world.EThe earliest animals whose remains have been found were all very simple kinds and lived in the sea. Later forms are more complex, and among these are the sea-lilies, relations of the
40、star-fishes, which had long arms and were attached by a long stalk to the sea bed, or to rocks.FWhen an animal dies, the body, its bones, or shell, may often be carried away by streams into lakes or the sea and there get covered up by mud. If the animal lived in the sea its body would probably sink
41、and be covered with mud. More and more mud would fall upon it until the bones or shell become embedded and preserved.GMany factors can influence how fossils are preserved in rocks. Remains of an organism may be replaced by minerals, dissolved by an acidic solution to leave only their impression, or
42、simply reduced to a more stable form.11 【R1 】12 【R2 】13 【R3 】14 【R4 】15 【R5 】15 Directions: The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order for Questions 41-45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-E to fill in each numbered box. The
43、 first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)A“I just dont know how to motivate them to do a better job. Were in a budget crunch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal. In fact, well probably have to lay some peop
44、le off in the near future. Its hard for me to make the job interesting and challenging because it isnt its boring, routine paperwork, and there isnt much you can do about it.B“Finally, I cant say to them that their promotions will hinge on the excellence of their paper work. First of all, they know
45、its not true. If their performance is adequate, most are more likely to get promoted just by staying on the force a certain number of years than for some specific outstanding act. Second, they were trained to do the job they do out in the streets, not to fill out forms. All through their career it i
46、s the arrests and interventions that get noticed.C“Ive got a real problem with my officers. They come on the force as young, inexperienced men, and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a beat, They seem to like the contact they have with the public, the action involved in crime preve
47、ntion, and the apprehension of criminals. They also like helping people out at fires, accidents, and other emergencies.D“Some people have suggested a number of things like using conviction records as a performance criterion. However, we know thats not fairtoo many other things are involved. Bad pape
48、rwork increases the chance that you lose in court, but good paperwork doesnt necessarily mean youll win. We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports, but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly. No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition, and
49、 they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.E“The problem occurs when they get back to the station. They hate to do the paperwork, and because they dislike it, the job is frequently put off or done inadequately. This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court. We need clear, factual reports. They must be highly detailed and unambiguous. As soon as one part of a report is shown to be
