1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12953-11:2003 Shell boilers Part 11: Acceptance tests The European Standard EN 12953-11:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 27.060.30; 27.100 BS EN 12953-11:2003 This British Standard, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee o
2、n 2 October 2003 BSI 2 October 2003 ISBN 0 580 42705 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12953-11:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/16, Shell boilers, which has the responsibility to: A list of
3、organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Co
4、rrespondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does n
5、ot of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developm
6、ents and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 33 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication A
7、md. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN1295311 September2003 ICS27.060.30;27.100 Englishversion ShellboilersPart11:Acceptancetests ChaudirestubesdefumePartie11:Essaisde rception GrowasserraumkesselTeil11:Abnahmeversuche ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon24July2003.
8、 CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyC
9、ENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustri
10、a,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:
11、ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN1295311:2003EEN1295311:2003(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normativereferences 4 3 Termsanddefinitions. .5 4 Symbolsandabbreviations . .6 4.1 Symbolsandunits
12、 . 6 4.2 Coefficients.8 5 General8 6 Basictestconditions. 8 6.1 Generalconditions 8 6.2 Steadystateconditions . .9 6.3 Testprocedure .9 6.4 Requirementsduringtest .10 6.5 Durationoftests. 10 6.6 ProcedureforthedeterminationofexhaustgastemperatureandCO,CO 2 andO 2 content 10 6.7 Undeterminedlosses. 1
13、0 7 Instrumentationandmethodsofmeasurements . 10 7.1 Instruments.10 7.2 Pressuremeasurements . 11 7.3 Temperaturemeasurements .11 7.4 Massandmassflow 11 7.5 Calorificvalues .12 7.6 Chemicalcomposition .12 8 Heatbalanceandthermalefficiency. .13 8.1 General13 8.2 Envelopeboundary. .13 8.3 Referencetem
14、perature. .15 8.4 Heatinput 15 8.5 Losses.16 8.6 Determinationofefficiencybyindirectmethod .19 8.7 Usefulheatoutput .20 9 Accuracy.20 AnnexA (informative) Calculationofcombustionair/fluegasmasstofuelmassratiosandspecific heat21 A.1 Combustionair/fluegasmasstofuelmassratios .21 A.2 Ultimateanalysis.
15、22 A.3 Statisticalanalysis .25 A.4 Specificheatoffluegasandcombustionair .26 AnnexB (normative) Wasteheatboilers . .29 B.1 General29 B.2 Usefulheatoutput .29 B.3 Heatfromwastegases . .29 B.4 Heatinput 30 B.5 Thermalefficiency 30 B.6 Methodsofmeasurement .30 Bibliography 32EN1295311:2003(E) 3 Forewo
16、rd Thisdocument(EN1295311:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC269“Shellandwater tubeboilers”,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyMarch2004,andconflictingnationalstan
17、dardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestby March2004. ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionandthe EuropeanFreeTradeAssociation.ThisEuropeanStandardisconsideredasasupportingstandardtoother applicationandproductstandardswhichinthemselvessupportanEssentialSafetyrequi
18、rementofaNew ApproachDirectiveandwillappearasanormativereferenceinthem. TheEuropeanStandardEN12953concerningshellboilersconsistsofthefollowingParts: Part1: General. Part2: Materialsforpressurepartsofboilersandaccessories. Part3: Designandcalculationforpressurepartsoftheboiler. Part4: Workmanshipandc
19、onstructionofpressurepartsoftheboiler. Part5: Inspectionduringconstruction,documentationandmarkingofpressurepartsoftheboiler. Part6: Requirementsforequipmentfortheboiler. Part7: Requirementsforfiringsystemsforliquidandgaseousfuelsfortheboiler. Part8: Requirementsforsafeguardsagainstexcessivepressure
20、 Part9: Requirementsforlimitingdevicesoftheboilerandaccessories. Part10: Requirementsforboilerfeedwaterandboilerwaterquality. Part11: Acceptancetests. Part12: Requirementsforgratefiringsystemsforsolidfuelsfortheboiler. Part13: Operatinginstructions. CR1295314: Guidelinefortheinvolvementofaninspecti
21、onbodyindependentofthemanufacturer. AlthoughthesePartscanbeobtainedseparately,itshouldberecognizedthatthePartsareinterdependent.As such,thedesignandmanufactureofshellboilersrequirestheapplicationofmorethanonePartinorderforthe requirementsoftheEuropeanStandardtobesatisfactorilyfulfilled. TheannexAoft
22、hisEuropeanStandardisinformative.TheannexBofthisEuropeanStandardisnormative. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowingcoun triesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Icel
23、and,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN1295311:2003(E) 4 1Scope ThisPartofthisEuropeanStandardspecifiesaconciseprocedureforconductingthermalperformancetests,using theindirect(losses)procedureforboilersforsteamorhotwater.
24、Testresultsarebasedoneitherthegrossornet calorificvalueofthefuel. Thisconciseprocedureprovidesaconvenientmeansforassessingboilerswhicharethermodynamicallysimple, i.e.havingasinglemajorsourceofheatinputandasimplecircuitforwater,steamorhightemperatureheattrans ferfluid. NOTE1 Theuseofthedirectmethodis
25、notadvocated,becausetheestimatedmeasuringerroristhreetofourtimesgreater thanwiththeindirectmethod. NOTE2 Anacceptancetestmayberequired: a) afterthecommissioningofnewplantoraftertherecommissioningofmodifiedplantinordertoverifycompliancewitha specificationorcontractualobligation; b) whenevertheuserwis
26、hestodeterminethecurrentperformanceoftheplanteitheronaroutinebasisorduetochangeof loadorotheroperatingconditionsorwhenachangeoffueloramodificationtotheplantisbeingconsidered; c) whenevertheuserwishestocheckcombustionconditions. RegulartestsinaccordancewiththisEuropeanStandardwillenableboilerplanttob
27、emonitoredinnormaloperationforopti mumefficiencyintheinterestsoffuelconservation. Thisproceduredoesnotcovercondensingboilers.Theapplicationofboilers,whereheatisextractedfromwastegasesis specifiedinannexB. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromo
28、therpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelateste
29、ditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). ENISO51671, Measurementoffluidflowbymeansofpressuredifferentialdevicesinsertedincircularcross sectionconduitsrunningfullPart1:Generalprinciplesandrequirements(ISO51671:2003). ISO157, CoalDeterminationofformsofsulfur . ISO334, Solidminera
30、lfuelsDeterminationoftotalsulfurEschkamethod. ISO589, HardcoalDeterminationoftotalmoisture. ISO609, SolidmineralfuelsDeterminationofcarbonandhydrogenHightemperaturecombustionmethod. ISO625, SolidmineralfuelsDeterminationofcarbonandhydrogenLiebigmethod. ISO1928, SolidmineralfuelsDeterminationofgrossc
31、alorificvaluebythebombcalorimetricmethod,andcal culationofnetcalorificvalue. ISO1988, Hardcoal Sampling. ISO3170, PetroleumliquidsManualsampling. ISO6976, NaturalgasCalculationofcalorificvalues,density,relativedensityandWobbeindexfromcomposi tion.EN1295311:2003(E) 5 3 Termsanddefinitions Forthepurpo
32、sesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 indirectmethod(Heatlossmethod) determinationofallaccountableheatlosses.Theefficiencyisthenequalto1minustheratioofthesumofallheat lossestothesumofheatinthefuelplusheatcredits 3.2 standardcondition conditionat p n =0,101325N/mm 2 and
33、t n =0C 3.3 assessedlosses anythermallossesestablishedfrompredetermineddata 3.4 grosscalorificvalue(GCV) amountofheatliberatedbythecompletecombustion,underspecifiedconditions,ofunitvolumeofagasorunit massofasolidorliquidfuelinthedeterminationofwhichthewaterproducedbycombustionofthefuelisassumed tobe
34、completelycondensedanditslatentandsensibleheatmadeavailable 3.5 netcalorificvalue(NCV) amountofheatgeneratedbythecompletecombustion,underspecifiedconditions,ofunitvolumeofagasorunit massofasolidorliquidfuelinthedeterminationofwhichthewaterproducedbycombustionofthefuelisassumed toremainasavapour 3.6
35、heatinput heatcontentofthefuelusedduringthetestbasedonthegrossornetcalorificvalueplusthesensibleheatinthe fuelabovereferencetemperatureplusthesensibleheatinthecombustionairabovereferencetemperature 3.7 heatoutput heatgainedbytheheatcarrierfromtheboilerduringtheperiodofthetest 3.8 measuredloss anythe
36、rmallossescalculatedfromactualmeasurementsmadeduringthetest 3.9 radiation,convectionandconductionlosses lossesfromwater,steam,combustionair,orgasbackedsurfacespriortothefluegastemperaturemeasurement pointanddirectlyfromflametothefloorandsurroundingsoftheunit 3.10 testerror combinederrorduetosampling
37、measurements,calculationsandassumptionsusedtoobtaintestresults.The overalleffectmaybepositiveornegative 3.11 thermalefficiency thedifferencebetween100%andthetotalpercentagelossesbasedoneitherthegrossornetcalorificvalueofthe fuelwhichisequivalenttotheratiooftheusefulheatoutputtotheheatinputexpressed
38、asapercentage 3.12 turndownratio theratioofmaximumandminimumfuelinputsforcontinuousfiringinunittimespecifiedbythemanufacturerwhich canalsobeexpressedintermsofboileroutputprovidedtheappropriateefficienciesareknown.EN1295311:2003(E) 6 4 Symbolsandabbreviations 4.1 Symbolsandunits ForthepurposesofthisE
39、uropeanStandardthesymbolsandabbreviationsgiveninEN129521:2002,table41 andthefollowingtable4.11andthesubscriptsgivenintable4.12shallapply. Table4.11Symbols Symbol Description Unit c Specificheatcapacity a kJ/(kgK) c Integralspecificheatcapacity a kJ/(kgK) H Calorificvalue(CV) kJ/kg h Specificenthalpy
40、 kJ/kg i Numberofsamples J Enthalpyoffluegasorcombustionairrelatedtofuelmassflow kJ/kg L Latentheat(heatofvaporization) kJ/kg l Singleloss l u Ratioofunburnedcombustiblestosuppliedfuelmassflow kg/kg M Molarmass kg/kmol m Mass kg m Massflow kg/s n Airfactoratboileroutlet p Pressure N/mm 2 Q Heatflow
41、kW T Thermodynamictemperature K t TemperatureCelsius C u Unburnedcombustiblescontent(bymass) kg/kg V Combustionairandfluegasvolume(perunitmassoffuel) m 3 /kg x Fluegas/combustionaircomponentscontentbymass kg/kg y Contentbyvolume m 3 /m 3 Thermalefficiency Fuelcontent(bymass) kg/kg Volatilemattercont
42、entofash kg/kg Density kg/m 3 Combustionair/fluegasmasstofuelmassratio kg/kg NOTE1 1N/mm 2 =1MN/m 2 =1Mpa NOTE2 Theunitsshownarethosenormallyused.Conversionmaybenecessaryforuseinthedimensionlessequations. a specificheat,forshort.EN1295311:2003(E) 7 Table4.12Subscripts Symbol Description AA i r Ash A
43、sh BB o i l e r C Carbon CO Carbonmonoxide CO2 Carbondioxide d Dry(basis) E Useful,effective FA Fludust(flyash) F Fuel,burnedfuel Fo Fuelsupplied Fw Feedwater G Fluegas(combustiongas) (G) Grossvalue H Hydrogen H2O Water i Numberofcomponents m Average meas Measured min Minimum NN i t r o g e n (N) Netvalue n Standardcondition o Stoichiometric O2 Oxygen p Constantpressure r Referencetemperature RC Radiationandconvection SS u l f u r SF Ashandfluedust ST Livesteam tot Total u Unburnedmatter Z Heatinput M a x i m u m 0a t 0 C 1i n 2 outEN1295311:2003(E) 8 4.
