1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 28 及答案与解析一、Section A（A）How the fish are delivered.（B） How the fish are affected.（C） Why fish affect people that way.（D）Why people are affected.（A）The infirmary was open.（B） The man wasn t really ill.（C） Yesterday wasnt a holiday.（D）The hospital was closed.（A）The poor working conditions in
2、 the hospital.（B） The danger of being infected with AIDS.（C） The shortage of well-trained health workers for AIDS patients.（D）The inadequate medical education about AIDS.（A）She wants some cosmetics.（B） She wants some medicine to treat her skin trouble.（C） She wants some ointment.（D）She wants some me
3、dicine to treat her stye.（A）Go to the cinema.（B） Go to the laboratory.（C） Write a report.（D）Join her friends.（A）134 pounds.（B） 170 pounds.（C） 152 pounds.（D）180 pounds.（A）There re not enough chocolates to go around.（B） The man has eaten more than the woman.（C） The woman wants to eat them up.（D）The ma
4、n shouldn t eat any more.（A）It is an optimistic one.（B） It varies according to her mood.（C） It is usually sarcastic.（D）It is determined by what she reads in the newspaper.（A）They are pleased with their new car.（B） They drive a different car today.（C） They dont normally drive on this route.（D）They th
5、ink it s nice to change their plan.（A）Its beautiful and expensive.（B） It s not so beautiful but the price is reasonable.（C） It s not beautiful, though expensive.（D）It s too cheap.（A）He built the cabinet himself.（B） Some people else made the cabinet.（C） He thought the cabinet was beautiful.（D）He did
6、not make the cabinet.（A）He is happy to help her.（B） He is not a typist.（C） He cant help her to move the typewriter.（D）He is not allowed to type.（A）He s angry with the student.（B） He s crazy.（C） He s late for class.（D）He s sick.（A）Robert is very rich.（B） Robert is generous.（C） Robert will help her.（D
7、）Robert is on vacation.（A）She doesn t have so much money.（B） She considers the price reasonable.（C） She buys very little chocolate.（D）She agrees with the man.二、Section B（A）The patient is calling the doctor s office to make an appointment.（B） The man is calling to book a ticket.（C） The man is calling
8、 to make a reservation.（D）The receptionist is making a phone call.（A）To cash a check.（B） To check up on the work.（C） To change the appointment.（D）To have a medical checkup.（A）Two o clock, the fourteenth, this month.（B） Four o clock, Friday, the fifteenth, next month.（C） Two o clock, the fourteenth,
9、next month.（D）Four o clock, Friday, the fourth, next month.（A）Blue Shield.（B） Blue Field.（C） Blue Glass.（D）Blue Cross. （A）He should pay half of the charge.（B） He needn t pay anything.（C） He needs to pay just a little.（D）He should pay three-fourths of the charge.（A）Heart attacks.（B） Strokes.（C） Drug
10、addiction.（D）Cerebral haemorrhage.（A）About 860,000.（B） About 1.5 million.（C） About 1/2 of the total population.（D）About 2/3 of the total population.（A）Easy to use.（B） Safe.（C） Economical.（D）Fast acting.（A）TPA does not work only on the heart.（B） TPA does not have an effect on the blood.（C） TPA is not
11、 a new drug any way.（D）TPA causes bleeding in the heart.（A）To test the drug on many more people with heart attacks.（B） To test those who suffer from heart attacks.（C） To test the doctors who use the new drug.（D）To test the new drug in hospitals.三、Section A26 New research methods are being brought to
12、_the subject.（A）bear on（B） pick up（C） take apart（D）bring on27 Human beings are_creatures, designed to be on the move.（A）distinctive（B） dynamic（C） intrinsic（D）mysterious28 HIV and AIDS may threaten the fundamental values of society, and any attempt to deal with them presents a_challenge.（A）formidable
13、（B） fatal（C） favorable（D）fantastic29 Kelley s publicists abruptly_a planned seven-city publicity tour, announcing that their “publishing objectives have been accomplished.“（A）called off（B） called down（C） called up（D）called for30 Crowding as an environmental variable is only beginning to be seriously
14、 examined, and the data so far is_.（A）informative（B） inconclusive（C） inconspicuous（D）indisputable31 Nature never ceases to surprise us. Molecules with_structures and properties turn up in the laboratory all the time.（A）bioactive（B） miniature（C） bizarre（D）invisible32 Modern epidemiologists are still
15、involved with_the causes of diseases.（A）deriving（B） originating（C） provoking（D）tracing四、Section B33 Food is often invested with religious significance.（A）installed（B） entertained（C） charged（D）consumed34 Up to 30 percent of all deaths from coronary heart disease can be attributed to cigarette smoking
16、.（A）exposed（B） endowed（C） entitled（D）ascribed35 In the 1970s, the desires for self-fulfillment of millions of Americans split away from the traditional symbols of success.（A）inspirations（B） applications（C） aspirations（D）motivations36 Life in technologically advanced societies has additional perils.（
17、A）advantages（B） prospects（C） hazards（D）adventures37 When we say a substance is of the same kind, we mean all parts of it are alike and show the same properties.（A）original（B） universal（C） genetic（D）homogeneous38 Experts can even reach consensus on how the material standard of living sharply reduces
18、the death rate.（A）agreement（B） decision（C） judgment（D）resolution39 Much of what we know about the subject on a hypothetical level can be traced to Dr. John B.Calhoun.（A）meditative（B） presumptive（C） thoughtful（D）deceptive40 Obesity is a condition perpetuated by a diversity of factors.（A）caused（B） sus
19、tained（C） modulated（D）modified五、Part Cloze41 【C1 】（A）corresponded（B） classified（C） conquered（D）collided42 【C2 】（A）incite（B） inhibit（C） indicate（D）inhale43 【C3 】（A）inferences（B） infarcts（C） ingredients（D）instances44 【C4 】（A）assesses（B） assorts（C） assists（D）asserts45 【C5 】（A）caution（B） concern（C） reso
20、rt（D）observe46 【C6 】（A）decade（B） defect（C） decay（D）deformation47 【C7 】（A）polish（B） polyp（C） plague（D）plaque48 【C8 】（A）straight up（B） straightforward（C） steadily（D）bottom up49 【C9 】（A）just as（B） so as（C） such（D）quite50 【C10 】（A）Square（B） Fair（C） Nature（D）Flare六、Part Reading Comprehension50 During his
21、 lifetime Alfred Nobel reaped millions of dollars in profits from his invention and manufacture of high explosives. Some of these greatly increased the killing power of weapons and so made war more terrible. Nobel, nevertheless, left much of his fortune for the promotion of world peace as well as th
22、e advancement of scientific knowledge and the encouragement of literary achievement.Alfred Bernhard Nobel was born in Stockholm, Sweden, on Oct. 21, 1833. Alfred was a sickly child. He was educated at home. Instead of going to high school he traveled widely. He learned chemistry and mechanical engin
23、eering in private studies and study abroad. At 21, he joined his father and brother in St. Petersburg. The father had begun some experiments with nitroglycerin but had abandoned them. Alfred resumed these experiments and invented a blasting cap, made of fulminate of mercury, to fire a charge of nitr
24、oglycerin. The cap was a very important development.Although still sickly, Nobel took charge of the family business. In 1863 he returned to Sweden and set up a small factory to make nitroglycerin. A year later a terrific explosion destroyed the plant and killed five people. One was his youngest brot
25、her, Emil. Nobel, however, refused to give up his work and moved the plant to a barge moored in a lake. Further tragedies occurred. In 1866, after disastrous explosions at world ports, many nations forbade their vessels to carry nitroglycerin. Nobel then sought to make the explosive safer to handle.
26、 He found the answer in dynamite.The invention made Nobel wealthy. He spent the next ten years setting up plants in the United States and Europe. In 1876 he patented blasting gelatin, a combination of guncotton and nitroglycerin. In 1878 he and his brothers developed oil fields in Russia. He invente
27、d ballistite in 1888, one of the first smokeless powders.Nobel never married. He found recreation in his laboratory and in writing poetry in imitation of his idol, Percy Bysshe Shelley. In later years he traveled throughout Europe and had homes in Paris, in Stockholm, and in San Remo, Italy. In 1876
28、 he met Bertha Kinsky(later Baroness von Suttner), a Bohemian noblewoman. In letters to Nobel over several years she developed his ideas for world peace. Nobel s bequest for a peace prize was largely in tribute to her, though he was somewhat doubtful of the effectiveness of the pacifist movement. He
29、 died in 1896 at San Remo, leaving the executors of his will to work out the details of administering the Nobel prizes.51 Nobel made a fortune out of_.（A）his promotion of world peace（B） his advancement of scientific knowledge（C） his encouragement of literary achievement（D）his invention and manufactu
30、re of high explosives52 Nobel resumed the experiments his father had abandoned and_.（A）succeeded in finishing his self-education（B） used nitroglycerin for the first time（C） invented nitroglycerin（D）made a very important development53 Nobel invented dynamite, which_.（A）was more powerful than nitrogly
31、cerin（B） made the explosive safer（C） caused disastrous explosions（D）frightened many nations54 Which of the following is true about Nobel?（A）Nobel helped the U.S. become wealthy by setting up plants.（B） Nobel was one of the first inventors of ballistite.（C） Nobel went to Russia to develop oil fields
32、with smokeless powders.（D）Nobel combined guncotton and nitroglycerin to form blasting gelatin.55 Bertha Kinsky_.（A）helped Nobel become one of the leading pacifists in the world（B） was the first woman to win a Nobel peace prize（C） made Nobel change his will（D）developed Nobel s ideas for world peace55
33、 Inhaling pure oxygen for 30 seconds can double your recall of what happens in the next couple of minutes, according to researchers who addressed the annual meeting of the British Psychological Society in London this week. They say the effect lasts for 24 hours.The stimulating influence of oxygen is
34、 well-established folk wisdom among professions with access to the gas. Pilots sometimes pass the time by trying to memorise lists of passengers names and where they are seated, and an oxygen boost makes the task easier, says Andrew Scholey, a psychologist at the University of Northumbria in Newcast
35、le upon Tyne.Now Scholey and his colleague Mark Moss say they have conclusively shown in six controlled trials that oxygen significantly improves short-term memory, reaction time and attentiveness. A mask supplied some participants with pure oxygen and the others with ordinary air, which is about 20
36、 percent oxygen. Neither group knew which type of gas they were inhaling.The volunteers then listened to a series of 15 words. Six minutes later they were asked to remember as many of the words as possible. The participants who inhaled air remembered only 4 or 5 words - but those who imbibed oxygen
37、recalled 8 or 9.Too little or too much oxygen will not have the desired effect, the researchers discovered.The optimal exposure time ranges from 30 seconds to a minute, they say. And since the oxygen only lasts a couple of minutes in the body before it reacts with other molecules, volunteers have to
38、 be exposed to information soon after inhaling, though the improved recall can last up to 24 hours, says Scholey.So, should cramming students be sniffing oxygen instead of bingeing on caffeine? Probably not, since high levels of oxygen damage living tissue. Scholey thinks that oxygen-enriched study
39、chambers will remain science fiction. “The only advice I have is not to revise at the top of a mountain.“And as the festive season gets into full swing, the experience of deep-sea divers may be especially useful. “Divers have told me they have a blast of oxygen to get rid of hangovers,“ Scholey says
40、. But he warns enthusiasts not to try it at home.56 Through the example of pilots, the author is trying to tell us that_.（A）oxygen helps memorize passengers names better in the air than on the ground（B） oxygen helps develop a habit of memorizing passengers names（C） oxygen can make it easy to kill ti
41、me in the air（D）oxygen has a stimulating influence on memory57 In the study of Scholey s team, short-term memories_.（A）retained no less than 15 words（B） worked better in those who wore a mask（C） were improved in those who inhaled pure oxygen（D）were checked in those who inhaled 20 percent oxygen58 Wh
42、ich of the following would the author most probably agree with ?（A）The inhaled oxygen can still help you improve your memory when you pick up information in 24 hours.（B） You must inhale a proper amount of oxygen so that you can have your recall improved.（C） Your improved short-term memory begins to
43、decline shortly after the inhaled oxygen reacts with other molecules.（D）The more oxygen you inhale, the longer your improved recall can last.59 Scholey would say that their findings_.（A）can only be applicable in oxygen-enriched chambers（B） can help people stay away from caffeine（C） can be applicable
44、 to hardworking students（D）were inapplicable to students60 It can be concluded that inhaling oxygen can be practiced_.（A）on the sea（B） where facilities permit（C） everywhere except at home（D）under certain circumstances60 The economic recession of the 1980s and its impact on the quality of life in Thi
45、rd World countries highlighted how important health is for development and how essential it is for concern about public health to feature at the very heart of development policies. The fact is that it is no longer possible to meet the soaring costs of health and the emergence of new risks such as AI
46、DS unless health is built in among the priority economic objectives.Health and development are indissolubly linked, and the era when health tended to rate very low in the list of economic targets is past and gone. But a lot remains to be done: the health care services can no longer be left on their
47、own to face up to those new situations, which must be taken into consideration whenever each country constantly reviews its economic objectives.It was long thought that technical progress would provide the solution to all health problems. That this is not the case is proved by the impact that enviro
48、nmental degradation has had on human health, by the pandemic of AIDS, by the way the much greater mobility of people has encouraged the rapid transmission of diseases, and by the health consequences of modern life-styles. Today we have to find radically new approaches if we are to avoid the present
49、world situation turning into an uncontrollable health.It is essential for national policy-makers in the field of social welfare to give every citizen much greater decision-making power, especially by ensuring that vulnerable communities have direct access to decisions which concern them. Individuals and communities must be given the opportunity to assume far greater responsibility for their own health and quality of life, by creating a climate that is favourable to well-being and
