1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 26 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 The “balance of nature“ is not an empty phrase. Nature provides a population to occupy a suitable environment and cuts down surplus population to fit the available food supply. One means of reducing surplus population is predators(食肉动物); others are parasites(寄生虫)and diseases. Also,
3、population density produces nervous disorders and even drives animals to mass migrations, like the lemmings(旅鼠)of Norway who plunge into(跳入 )the sea.That predators populations increase to control other animals has long been known. Many years ago, the Hudson s Bay Company records revealed that the fo
4、x population went up and down about a year after the rabbit population had gone up and down.Sometimes a situation occurs in which the predators population is reduced to a level below that which nature can readily replace. On Valcour Island in Lake Champlain(New York), a costly campaign resulted in t
5、he elimination of predatory animals only to have birds and small animalsincluding grouse(松鸡)and hares, popular game(猎物)increase for four years afterward. Then lacking predator control, nature resorted to diseases to cut down these populations.Jamaica had an example of nature s persistence in providi
6、ng animals for existing habits. Sugar planters, about 75 years ago, imported mongooses to control rats. The mongooses killed off the rats and, with plentiful food, multiplied. Rats became scarce and the mongooses ate lambs, kids, puppies(小狗), and wildlife. Eventually, food became scarce and the mong
7、ooses population declined.1 According to the article, the phrase “balance of nature“ means_.（A）the relation of wildlife to man（B） the adequacy of the food supply to support its animal population（C） the ratio of small game to predators（D）the destruction of predators2 The effect of predator control ov
8、er other animal populations_.（A）has just been learned（B） is not recent knowledge（C） is not important now（D）was learned in Norway3 When predators control is not available, nature brings animal population into balance by resorting to_.（A）hunters（B） diseases（C） storms and flood（D）forest fires4 When the
9、 mongooses in Jamaica killed off the rats, they _.（A）quickly died for lack of food（B） attacked humans（C） became problems themselves（D）ate the sugar crop5 Implied but not stated: _.（A）Sugar planters imported mongooses to control rats（B） Man should never tamper(损害)with nature（C） To upset the balance o
10、f nature can be troublesome（D）Man has complete control over nature5 In spite of the strong opposition to new and strict environmental laws, however, it is still possible to attack the problem of chemical pollution; but we must attack it from three directions. First, we need more independent research
11、 into the effects of chemicals by scientists who are not paid by the government or by large industrial companies. Second, scientists need to educate the general public and inform them about the dangers of chemicals in the environment. If the public knows that a certain chemical threatens the health
12、of their children, then it will put pressure on politicians, in local and national government. If the politician want to remain in office, they will take action to correct the long-term economic costs of chemicals. It will be extremely expensive to clean areas of land which are contaminated(污染)by ch
13、emicals; it will be even more costly to give medical treatment to people who are suffering from serious illnesses after exposure to dangerous chemicals. If governments realize this, the short-term economic benefits of chemicals will seem much less attractive to them.If we can put pressure on governm
14、ents in these three ways, perhaps they will begin to behave more responsibly. They will perhaps pass new laws against pollution and enforce them strictly. Perhaps, then, the chemical producers will begin to behave more responsibly.6 Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?（A）T
15、he Environment in Danger.（B） The Problem of Chemical Pollution.（C） New and Strict Environmental Laws.（D）Possible Solutions to Chemical Pollution.7 Which of the following statements best describes the organization of the passage?（A）Two contrasting views of a problem are presented.（B） A procedure is e
16、xplained and its importance is emphasized.（C） A general statement is given and possible ways are presented.（D）Recent scientific advancements are outlined in order of importance.8 Which of the following is true of the governments mentioned in the passage?（A）They are already behaving in an extremely r
17、esponsible way.（B） They do not believe that it is possible to solve the chemical pollution.（C） They think chemicals do little harm to the health of humans.（D）They are unwilling to stop the use of certain chemicals.9 Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?（A）The economy is more impor
18、tant to governments than the people s health is.（B） Governments think chemicals bring them more economic pollution.（C） The public knows enough about the dangers of chemical pollution.（D）The governments fully realize the long-term economic costs of chemical pollution.10 According to the passage, what
19、 will happen if the governments stop the use of some chemicals?（A）The economy of the countries will suffer.（B） Unemployment in the countries will grow.（C） Some people and scientists will criticize them.（D）The chemical producers will strongly protest.10 Believe it or not, optical illusion can cut hig
20、hway crashes.Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes , called chevrons , painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down.Now the
21、American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D. C. is planning to repeat Japan s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes.Exce
22、ssive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatestcurves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges.Some studie
23、s suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars.Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they
24、are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents.11 The passage mainly discusses_.（A）a new way of highway speed control（B） a new pattern for painting highways（C） a new app
25、roach to training drivers（D）a new type of optical illusion12 On roads painted with chevrons, drivers tend to feel that_.（A）they should avoid speed-related hazards（B） they are driving in the wrong lane（C） they should slow down their speed（D）they are approaching the speed limit13 The advantage of chev
26、rons over straight, horizontal bars is that the former_.（A）can keep drivers awake（B） can cut road accidents in half（C） will have a longer effect on drivers（D）will look more attractive14 The American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety plans to_.（A）try out the Japanese method in cert
27、ain areas（B） change the road signs across the country（C） replace straight, horizontal bars with chevrons（D）repeat the Japanese road patterns15 What does the author say about straight, horizontal bars painted across roads?（A）They are falling out of use in the United States（B） They tend to be ignored
28、by drivers in a short period of time.（C） They are applicable only on broad roads.（D）They cannot be applied successfully to traffic circles.15 A breakthrough(突破 )in the provision of energy from the sun for the European Economic Community(EEC)could be brought forward by up to two decades, if a modest
29、increase could be provided in the EEC s research effort in this field, according to the senior EEC scientists engaged in experiments in solar energy at EEC s scientific laboratories at Ispra, near Milan.The senior West German scientist in charge of the Community s solar energy program, Mr. Joachim G
30、retz, told journalists that at present levels of research spending it was most unlikely that solar energy would provide as much as three percent of the Community s energy requirements even after the year 2000. But he said that with a modest increase in the present sums, devoted by the EEC to this wo
31、rk it was possible that the breakthrough could be achieved by the end of the next decade.Mr. Gretz calculates that if solar energy only provided three percent of the EEC s needs, this could still produce a saving of about a billion pounds in the present bill for imported energy each year. And he bel
32、ieves that with the possibility of utilizing more advanced technology in this field it might be possible to satisfy a much bigger share of the Community s future energy needs.At present the EEC spends about 2. 6 millions a year on solar research at Ispra, one of the EEC s official joint research cen
33、ters, and another 3 millions a year in indirect research with universities and other independent bodies.16 The phrase “be brought forward“ in Line 2 most probably means_.（A）be expected（B） be completed（C） be advanced（D）be introduced17 Some scientists believe that a breakthrough in the use of solar en
34、ergy depends on_.（A）sufficient funding（B） further experiments（C） advanced technology（D）well-equipped laboratories18 According to Mr. Gretz, the present sum of money will enable the scientists to provide_.（A）a little more than 3% of the EEC s needs after the year 2000（B） 3% of the EEC s needs before
35、the year 2000（C） less than 3% of the EEC s needs before the year 2000（D）only 3% of the EEC s needs even after the year 200019 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?（A）The EEC spends one billion pounds on imported energy each year.（B） At the present level of research spending, i
36、t is difficult to make any significant progress in the provision of energy from the sun.（C） The desired breakthrough could be obtained by the end of the next decade if investment were increased.（D）The total yearly spending of the EEC on solar energy research amounted to almost 6 million dollars.20 T
37、he application of advanced technology to research in solar energy_.（A）would lead to a big increase in research funding（B） would make it unnecessary to import oil（C） would make it possible to meet the future energy needs of the EEC（D）would provide a much greater proportion of the Community s future e
38、nergy needs专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 26 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding le
39、tter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 the balance of nature 的意思在文中第一段第二句便作了解释：Nature provides apopulation to occupy a suitable environment andcuts down surplus population to fit the availablefood supply故 B 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 第二段中第一句说到“That predatorspopulations increase to
40、control other animals haslong been known”这里的 long been known 意为“很久以来便知道的”。即是选项 B 的意思。【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 文章第三段的最后一句说到“Thenlacking predator control， nature resorted todiseases to cut down these populations”而且在文中的第一段已指出有三种方式：其一食肉动物，其二寄生虫，其三是疾病。这里的 nature 即用的是第三种方式。故选 B。【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 C【试题
41、解析】 第四段结尾说到“The mongooseskilled off the rats and，with plentiful food，multipliedRats became scarce and the mongoosesate lambs，kids，puppies(小狗)and wildlife”可推知 mongooses 杀了 rats 后，它们自身生存也成了问题。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文中一开始便提到了自然界的平衡，而文中结尾处举的例子也表明，破坏平衡会造成问题。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 D
42、【试题解析】 文章开头便是中心句“it is stillpossible to attack the problem of chemical pollution：but we must attack it from three directions”因此 D 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解7 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 根据文章结构可知，文章一开始提出了中心问题，即要解决化学污染问题，而后从三个方面提出解决方法。所以文章的结构是先提出论点，然后从三个方面进行论证。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解8 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 从第一段最后一句话“If governmentsrealize t
43、his ， the short-term economic benefits ofchemicals will seem much less attractive tothem”可推理出目前化学制品的经济利益依然对政府很有吸引力，因此政府不乐意停止使用化学制品。故 D 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解9 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 由第一段第四句“then it will putpressure on politicians in office， and they will”可看出政府没有完全意识到化学污染的危害，而更多的在乎经济利益，文章一直用 if 来表示将来政府会怎么做，因此选 A 更为正
44、确。【知识模块】 阅读理解10 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 从文章第一段可知，使用某些化学制品会带来经验效益，所以可推出，一旦停止使用化学制品，经济必会遭到损失。故选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解11 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 第一段点明了文章的主旨，接下来分层介绍了利用视觉错觉减少高速路上交通事故的方法和好处，因此应选 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解12 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 本题答案可定位在第二段最后一句话“Bent stripesand thus drivers slow down”think 和 feel 属于关键词替换，think 后面就是答案：认为他们
45、开的比实际速度要快，然后会慢下来。故选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解13 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 从文章最后一段的最后一句可知，人字形线能较长期降低汽车在公路上的行驶速度和减少交通事故的次数。而且第五段最后一句说“However，traffic often returns to full speedwithin months as drivers become used to seeing thepainted bars 一”(然而，往往几个月后车辆又恢复全速，因为司机已习惯看到那些横线 )。两者比较，人字形的影响时间更长，所以选 C。【知识模块】 阅读理解14 【正确答案】 A【试题解析
46、】 本题可从第三段中找答案，A 中 repeat 和文中 try out、on selected roads 和文中 in certainareas 都是同义替换，答案就是 A。【知识模块】 阅读理解15 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 由第五段最后一句“However，trafficoftenas drivers become used to seeing the paintedbars”可知当司机们看习惯了那些直的、水平的条纹后，又会恢复全速开车。因此 B 项符合题意。【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解16 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 forward 本义有“向前”的意思，bri
47、ngforward 意思是“把提前”。在本句中它有“向前发展”的意思，故 C 为最佳选项。【知识模块】 阅读理解17 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章第二段第一句提出“at presentlevels of research spending it was most unlikely that”和最后一句“with a modest increase in thepresent sums， devoted by the EEC to this work itwas possible that”可以推理出问题出在资金上。故 A 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解18 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 文
48、章第二段第一句说到“Mr JoachimGretz，told journalists that at present levels ofresearch spending it was most unlikely that solarenergy would provide as much as three percent ofthe Communitys energy requirements even afterthe year 2000”故 C 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解19 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 文章第三段第一句说到“this couldstill produce a sav
49、ing of about a billion pounds inthe present bill for imported energy each year”原文是 save，而选项 A 中是 spend，明显错误。【知识模块】 阅读理解20 【正确答案】 D【试题解析】 文章第三段结尾说到“And hebelieves that with the possibility of utilizing moreadvanced technology in this field it might bepossible to satisfy a much bigger share of theCommunitys future energy needs”文中的 bigger share 与选项中的 a much greaterproportion 是同义替换。故 D 正确。【知识模块】 阅读理解
