1、,Period Three Task & Project,高中英语选修10译林版,.Words： 1_ n货币，通货 2_ vt.阐明；澄清；净化 _ adj.澄清的 _ n澄清，净化 3_ adj.准确的 4_adj.破旧的 5_n贼，小偷 6_ vt.抢劫，掠夺 _ n强盗,currency,clarify,clarifying,clarification,precise,shabby,thief,rob,robber,7_n冲突；碰撞 8_ n挪威 9_ n瑞士 10_n同性恋者(尤指男性) _ adj.同性恋的；快乐的 11_adj.有争议的 12_n同情；赞同 _adj.同情的,co
2、llision,Norway,Switzerland,gay,gay,controversial,sympathy,sympathetic,.Phrases： 1_ (国家的)人才流失 2_口口相传，口碑 3_欧洲理事会 4_充其量，至多 5_利用 6_而不是 7_由于 8_分解，打碎，解散 9_与不同,brain drain,word of mouth,the Council of Europe,at best,take advantage of,rather than,due to,break up,be different from,10_共同，共有 11_服从，顺从 12_徒劳，白辛苦
3、,in common,submit to,in vain,.Fast Reading： 根据课文内容选择最佳答案 1Whats the main idea of the passage?AThe history of the Roma and the reasons for their movement.BThe relationships between the Roma and other countries.CHow the Roma are organized.DHow international organizations help the Roma.,2It can be infe
4、rred from the passage that _AIndia once got separated in historyBthe Roma were the ancestors of the IndiansCthe Roma were forced to moveDthe Roma regard India as their hometown 3Which of the following is NOT true?AThe Roma speak the same language.BThe Roma had to move because they had no skills to s
5、upport themselves.CThe Roma are not obedient.DThe Roma like to keep close relations.,4The Roma used to be thought dishonest _Abecause of their tradition of telling fortunesBbecause they stole things wherever they wentCbecause they didnt submit to any governmentDbecause they didnt pay taxes 5Their re
6、putation got worse when _Athey could not find workBtheir children had no chance to get educatedCthey pretended to be pilgrimsDthe collision of cultures between Europeans and the Roma happened,6What caused the Roma begin to steal and behave illegally?AThat their children could not go to school.BThat
7、they had no citizenship.CThat they had no passports.DThat they could not practise their nomadic lifestyle. 7When did the Roma have their worst fate?ADuring the Second World War.BAt the beginning of the nineteenth century.Cin AD 1 200.DBetween 1，500 and 1，800.,8What about their modern peoples attitud
8、e towards the Roma?AThey hate them.BThey have begun to accept them.CThey are plotting to wipe them out.DThey are frightened of them.答案 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B,.Careful Reading： 根据课文内容填空，每空一词 1Frequent moving made _ difficult for the Roma to find work，so they supported themselves _ their bask
9、et making，metal working and _ entertaining others. 2This is perhaps most clearly seen in the Romas native language，_ which there are now approximately sixty different dialects. 3Many dialects are very different _ one another，and speakers of one dialect usually cannot understand speakers of _,4After
10、_ India，the Roma continued to move，_ in vain to find a country _ they could live and trade peacefully. 5As these ideas spread，Europeans made _ clear that they did not want the Roma as neighbours，and the Roma had difficulty _ work. 6This was _ its worst in the 1930s，_ the Nazis classified the Roma as
11、 a dangerous groupalong with gay and Jewish peopleand _ to wipe them out. 答案 1.it；through；by 2.of 3.from；another 4leaving；trying；where 5.it；finding 6.at；when； plotted,1The Romany have never written down their history，so it is hard to _ their origins or exact history.罗姆人从未用文字记录历史，因此很难确定他们的起源和准确的历史。归纳
12、拓展(1)clarify vt.阐明，澄清；净化clarifying adj.澄清的clarification n澄清，净化clarify ones position澄清某人的立场,Key Words,clarify,(2)-fy是动词后缀，表示“使化，使成”例：terrify，beautify，purify，simplify，classify,语境感悟 (1)Will you _你能把那句话的意思讲清楚吗？ (2)We must _drinking water.我们必须尽力净化饮用水。,clarify that statement?,try to clarify/purify,即时跟踪翻译句
13、子 (1)适当美化环境是必要的。_ (2)他的突然出现吓了他们一跳。_,Its necessary to beautify the environment properly.,His sudden appearance terrified them.,2The Nazis _ them as a dangerous group，and followed a systematic policy of hunting and killing them in large numbers.纳粹将他们列为危险群体，制定有计划有步骤的政策来大量逮捕并杀害他们。归纳拓展classify vt.将(某事物)编
14、排，分类classified adj.分类的classify.as.将归类为,classified,语境感悟 (1)We usually _ types of character _ good or bad.我们通常把(人的)性格之类型分为善与恶。 (2)Will you _this book as sociology or politics?你会把这本书归入社会学类还是政治学类？,classify,as,classify,即时跟踪 (1)翻译句子图书馆的书按照科目分类。_ (2)单项填空We _ certain living things as birds not because they
15、have long legs or short legs，but because they all have feathers.Asuppose Bclassify Clook Dinsist答案 B解析 classify.as.“把归类为”。,The books in the library are classified by/according to subjects.,1However，many returnees say that _of mouth also brought them back.然而，很多海归们都说口碑也把他们带了回来。归纳拓展word of mouth口口相传，口碑
16、；口头的word n文字；单词，为可数名词；n.消息，音信，诺言，为不可数名词。eat ones words收回自己的话，承认错了in words用言语,Key Phrases,word,have words with.与吵架 have a word with.与谈话 in other words换句话说 in a word总之 break ones word不遵守诺言 keep ones word遵守诺言 in ones own words用某人自己的话说,语境感悟 (1)He received the news _他得到的是口头的消息。 (2)He left her _他没再多说话就离开她
17、了。,by word of mouth,without more words,即时跟踪 (1)翻译句子消息传来，将军会来检阅这支部队。_ (2)单项填空Everybody was touched _ words after they heard her moving story.Abeyond Bwithout Cof Din答案 A解析 句意为“听到她的感人故事之后，他们感动得无法用语言来形容”，答案为A。beyond words无法用语言表达。,Word came that the general would inspect the army.,2By refusing to _ any
18、government，the Roma cannot vote，but they also cannot be forced to pay taxes.由于拒绝屈从于任何政府，罗姆人不能投票，但他们也不能被强迫缴税。归纳拓展submit to服从，顺从，听任submit vi.服从，顺从，听任；vt.递交，呈递submission n屈从，服从，顺从，呈交；submissive adj.服从的，顺从的；submissively adv.服从地，顺从地,submit to,语境感悟 (1)We _discipline.我们遵守纪律。 (2)His cat is _and does as his
19、order _；the _ surprises us.他的猫很顺从，按他的命令行动；这种顺从使我们惊奇。,submitted ourselves to,submissive,submissively,submission,即时跟踪 (1)翻译句子他的狗听话/顺从。_.我向委员会递交了报告。_,His dogs submit,I submitted the report to the committee.,(2)单项填空We cant _ our fate.Instead，we should take a positive attitude to the present situation.As
20、ubmit to Bcorrespond toCsubscribe to Dcompromise to答案 A解析 句意为“我们不能向命运妥协。反而，我们要对目前的局势采取积极的态度”。submit to服从，屈服；correspond to与相符合，相当于；subscribe to同意，赞成；compromise不接介词to，故选A。,3After leaving India，the Roma continued to move，trying _to find a country where they could live and trade peacefully.离开印度后，罗姆人一直在迁
21、徙，徒然地尝试着寻找到一个国家，在那里他们可以平静地生活和进行贸易。归纳拓展in vain徒劳；白辛苦vain adj.空费的，不成功的；自负的vainly adv.徒劳地vain efforts白费力,in vain,vain titles空衔 be vain of ones learning炫耀自己的学问 try in vain to do sth枉费心机地试图做某事,语境感悟 (1)Our efforts _我们的力气没白费。 (2)Students tried _ to recite the text.Students tried to recite the text，_学生们怎么背都
22、无法把课文背下来。,were not in vain,in vain,but in vain,即时跟踪 单项填空 His efforts to raise money for his program were _ because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets. Ain place Bin sight Cin effect Din vain 答案 D 解析 in vain徒劳，答案为D。,1Such students are returning because they are contracted
23、 to work for their sponsors _ _这样的学生是要回来的，因为他们签订了合同，一旦完成他们的教育，就要回来为助学者工作。归纳拓展upon/on doing/名词词组意为“一旦就，一就”。在英语中表达“一就”意义的词组有：at the sight of.一看见就；as soon as一就；no sooner.than./hardly.when./scarcely./when/before.一就。,Key Structures,upon completing their education,注意 当no sooner，hardly或scarcely位于句首时，主句采用 部
24、分倒装结构。 语境感悟 (1)_that cat，little Tom hugged it.一看到那只猫，小汤姆就抱起它。 (2)_，I came to see her.我一到达就来看她。 (3)_of the picture，I like it.一看到这幅画我就喜欢上它了。,Upon/On seeing,Upon my arrival,At the sight,即时跟踪 (1)翻译句子 他一看见我就跑到我这儿。_ 他刚出门，雪就开始下了。_,He ran to me as soon as he saw me.,Hardly had he left home when it began to
25、snow.,(2)单项填空Did Linda see the traffic accident?No，no sooner _ than it happened.Ahad she gone Bshe had goneChas she gone Dshe has gone答案 A解析 no sooner.than.意为“一就”，答案为A。,2The Romany _ from India.人们认为罗姆人一开始来自印度。归纳拓展本句使用了be过去分词不定式(此处的不定式根据其与主语的关系及与谓语动作的先后关系可能会用各种时态或语态形式)，该句型可以转换为It be过去分词that从句。,are th
26、ought to have first come,语境感悟 (1)The old man _during the Second World War.据说老人死于二战。_the old man _ during the Second World War. (2)The Prime Minister _China._the Prime Minister _ _China.据报道首相正在中国访问。,is said to have died,It is said that,died,is reported to be visiting,It is reported that,is visiting,即
27、时跟踪 句型转换 (1)It was believed in the past that the earth was flat.The earth _ _ in the past _ _ flat. (2)It is known that Mr Zhang lived abroad for many years.Mr Zhang _ _ _ _abroad for many years. (3)Jim was thought to be studying in America then.It _ _ _ _ _ _ in American then.,答案 (1)was believed；to
28、 be (2)is known to have lived (3)was thought that Jim was studying,如何写议论文 议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者的见解和主张。作者对某一问题持有一种看法，为了使读者同意自己的看法，提出若干理由，企图说服他人。,议论文的写作步骤： 1引言(introduction)。由于英语作文受时间、字数的限制，因此，审清题意之后在引言段中作者就必须简单解释要讨论的问题，并明白地亮出自己的观点，如提倡什么，支持什么，反对什么。,2主体段(main body)。主体段是议论的过程，作者必须有足够的证据(adequate proofs)来论证自己的
29、观点，一般可提出一个或两个proofs，并对此用一两句话分别进行阐述。 3结论(conclusion)。结论段可以用一两句话来结束文章，同时要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话。 议论文的写作要点： 1观点鲜明。一个明确的中心论点。 2层次分明。一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，不同层次之间要分明，过渡清晰自然。,3最后一段总结，得出结论。 4时态：一般用一般现在时。 5语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语。 议论文的三要素：论点 是作者在文章中提出的对某一个问题或某一类事件的看法、观点、主张，它要求要正确、鲜明、有针对性。一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点。议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水，一般在开
30、头提出，然后加以论证。论据 是证明论点正确的证据，要想证明论点的正确，首先，论据必须让人觉得真实、可信，能够充分证明论点。,其次，论据要具有典型性，能达到“以一当十”的效果。第三，论据要新颖，尽可能寻找一些新鲜的、能给人以新的感受和启示的论据。一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语，格言，名人名言作为论据。论证 是议论文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的议论，只有通过论证证明论据和论点之间的内在逻辑关系，才能将论据和论点融为一体，也才能构成一篇完整的、有说服力的文章。,“一分为二”的观点。从两方面去分析一个问题，然后阐述自己的观点。 “两者选一”的观点。分析两种事物的优劣势，阐述自己的观点。 “我认为”
31、型。阐述对某一事物的客观看法，如“你对课外阅读的看法”。 “怎样(how to)”型。分析怎样解决一个问题，如“怎样克服学习中碰到的困难”。 看图(表)作文。通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或形成一种看法。,议论文的类型：,写作常用逻辑衔接词 根据衔接词本身在文章中所起的作用，主要分为以下四类，即“起”“承”“转”“合”。,1表示“起”的常用词语，用于开篇引出扩展句。at first at present first(ly) in the beginning to begin with first of all in the first place lately to start wit
32、h now 2有关“承”的常用词语，用来承接上文，表递进。after/after that/afterwards after a few days after a while also/too at the same time besides furthermore in,addition in addition to in fact in other words in particular particularly in the same way indeed meanwhile moreover no doubt obviously of course 3有关“转”的常用词语，用来表示不同
33、或相反的意思。after all even though all the time nevertheless anyway at the same time still in fact in/by contrast as a matter of fact fortunately however in spite of luckily though/although no doubt on the contrary otherwise unfortunately unluckily yet,4有关“合”的常用词语。用于小结上文或结束本段落的内容。above all in summary as a
34、 consequence on the whole as a result therefore to speak frankly at last briefly surely consequently no doubteventually undoubtedly finally in conclusion obviously in short certainly all in all,【实战演练】 毕业后，你想要应聘工作，还是自主创业？某英语杂志社就此话题邀请中学生参与讨论。请你围绕这个问题写一篇150词左右的英语短文发表你的看法。 要求：1.观点明确，论述有力；2.从两种选择的优势和劣势论证
35、你的观点。 参考词汇：自主创业establish ones own business,1时态：一般现在时和一般将来时为主，其他酌情应用。 2人称：第一人称为主，也会用到第二或第三人称。 3目的：表达清楚应聘工作和自主创业的优、劣势并发表自己的观点。 4文章布局：说明情况，提出问题，表明观点。 正反两面论述你的观点。 重申自己的观点。,【写作步骤】 一、谨慎审题，合理谋篇,1I would prefer to establish my own business. 2I can make and follow my own timetable. 3I will have control over
36、the future of the company and not have to listen to others or do as I am told to do. 4By dealing with so many things in my own business，my potential will increase. 5While I might enjoy making profits，I might also face many risks. 6What does not kill me will just make me stronger.,二、列出要点，初步成稿,Recentl
37、y，many young graduates have begun trying to establish their own business instead of hunting for jobs，which is causing a lot of heated discussions in society.What would you prefer to do after graduating？Id prefer to establish my own business. Working for myself，I can make and follow my own timetable.
38、I can spend more time with my family.Besides，if I have my own business，I will have control over the future of,三、巧用连接，通顺全篇 【参考范文】,the company and not just have to listen to others or do as I am told to do.I need more space to put what Ive learned into practice，which is difficult to do as an employee
39、in a company.I believe by dealing with so many things in my own business，my potential will increase and I will be able to develop myself in an allround way.Of course，while I might enjoy making profits，I might also face many risks.However，I believe what does not kill me will just make me stronger.,再见,
