1、NFPA110Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems Handbook 2013110NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, USAAn International Codes and Standards OrganizationNFPA110Standard for Emergency andAnnotated by Christopher D. CoacheStandby Power SystemsHandbook 2013NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park
2、, Quincy, MA 02169-7471An International Codes and Standards OrganizationCopyright 2013National Fire Protection AssociationOne Batterymarch Park Quincy, Massachusetts 02169-7471 All rights reserved. About this Handbook EditionThis PDF contains the complete 2013 edition of NFPA 110, Standard for Emerg
3、ency and Standby Power Systems, annotated to assist the readers understanding of the standards language and the intent behind it. The annotations are not part of the NFPA Standard but provide a valuable com-mentary reflecting the views, explanations, and insights of authors and contributors selected
4、 by the NFPA based on their knowledge of and experience with the standard.How to Navigate Between the Text of the Standard and the AnnotationsNavigate between code or standard text and annotations by using hyperlinked icons and code numbers.While in code or standard text, click on hyperlinked icon*
5、to the left of the standard sec-tion to navigate to corresponding annotations. Click on the hyperlinked annotative standard section number 1.1 to return to previous standard section.*Please note, only the sections featuring icons contain annotations.For longer blocks of annotations, it is recommende
6、d that you enable the back arrow functional-ity in Acrobats page navigation menu, which will also allow you to return to the previous stan-dard section.How to Ensure You Have the Most Up-to-Date Version of the NFPA StandardThe NFPA Standard, in the edition contained herein, is current as of the effe
7、ctive date des-ignated at the time the standard was issued 2013. This Handbook Edition does not, however, include errata, tentative interim amendments (TIAs), or formal interpretations (FIs) that may have been issued after the effective date. For all errata, TIAs, or FIs that may have been issued si
8、nce the effective date, or for any new editions that may have superseded this edition, please visit the “Document Information pages” link for the relevant NFPA Standard located in the “Codes email: stds_adminnfpa.org.For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. IMPORTANT
9、NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING THE HANDBOOK EDITIONNotice and Disclaimer Concerning LiabilityNotice Concerning Interpretations Contained in the AnnotationsISBN: 978-1455906680Publication of this (ANDBOOKEdition is for the purpose of circulating information and opinion among those concerned for f
10、ire and electrical safety and related subjects. While every effort has been made to achieve a work of high quality, neither the NFPAnor the contributors to this (ANDBOOKEdition guarantee the accuracy or completeness of or assume any liability in connec-tion with the information and opinions containe
11、d in this (ANDBOOK%dition. The NFPA and thecontributors shall in no event be liable for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance upon
12、 this (ANDBOOK EditioNThis (ANDBOOK Edition is published with the understanding that the NFPA and the contribu-tors to this (ANDBOOK Edition are supplying information and opinion but are not attempting torender engineering or other professional services. If such services are required, the assistance
13、 of an appropriate professional should be sought.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), includ-ing the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition, are made available for usesubject to Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning NFPA Documents, wh
14、ich are sepa-rately bookmarked and viewable in this (ANDBOOKEdition, and which can also be viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers.NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), including the NFPA Document that is the subject of this (ANDBOOKEdition are developed in accordan
15、cewith the published procedures of the NFPA by technical committees comprised of volunteers drawn from a broad array of relevant interests. In this (ANDBOOKEdition the text of the NFPADocument is accompanied with annotations providing explanation and commentary on the meaning and intent of the Docum
16、ent. The annotations contained in this (ANDBOOK Edition are not a part of the NFPA Document and do not constitute Formal Interpretations of the NFPA (which can be obtained only through requests processed by the responsible technical committees in accordance with the published procedures of the NFPA)
17、. The annotations, therefore, solely reflect the personal opinions of the author or other contributors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the NFPA or its technical committees.Copyright 2012 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved.NFPA110Standard forEmergency
18、and Standby Power Systems2013 EditionThis edition of NFPA 110, Standard for Emergency and Standby Power Systems, was prepared bythe Technical Committee on Emergency Power Supplies and released by the Technical Cor-relating Committee on National Electrical Code.It was issued by the Standards Council
19、onMay 29, 2012, with an effective date of June 18, 2012, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA 110 was approved as an American National Standard on June 18,2012.Origin and Development of NFPA 110The Technical Committee on Emergency Power Supplies was organized in 1976 by NFPAin r
20、ecognition of the demand for viable guidelines for the assembly, installation, and perfor-mance of electrical power systems to supply critical and essential needs during outages of theprimary power source. It was the intent of the committee to establish the necessary equipmentrequirements to achieve
21、 an on-site auxiliary electrical power source suitable to the needs ofthe applicable requirements and user criteria.In 1979, the committees report proposing adoption of NFPA 110 was published but with-drawn because of issues involving the scope of the committee. In 1981, a revised committeereport wa
22、s returned to committee to resolve differences with other NFPA documents. At the1982 NFPA Fall Meeting, the committees report was adopted as a tentative standard(NFPA 110T-1983) in order to expose the document to as much public review as possible.NFPA 110 was formally adopted as a standard at the 19
23、84 NFPA Fall Meeting and designated asthe 1985 edition. The 1985 edition clarified scope statements, prototype testing, battery andbypass-isolation switch requirements, and revised maintenance requirements.The requirements of the standard are considered necessary to obtain the minimum level ofreliab
24、ility and performance, particularly where life safety electrical power needs are involved.The standard does not require the installation of emergency and standby power supplysystems. Rather, it is a document that, if followed, results in a system suitable for varioussituations as required by other c
25、odes and standards.The 1988 edition of NFPA 110 included several new definitions and further clarified trans-fer switch and installation testing requirements.The 1993 edition of NFPA 110 revised the document to reflect (1) the adoption by NFPA of anew document on stored electrical energy emergency a
26、nd standby power systems (NFPA 111,Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems), (2) a basic requirement forone-step loading for all prime movers, (3) an update on battery technology, (4) restrictions onunnecessary transferring of loads, and (5) the need for battery main
27、tenance.The 1996 edition of NFPA 110 included, but was not limited to, the following changes:monthly load testing requirements for generator sets were changed, including taking intoconsideration wet stacking; definitions were added for various kinds of fuel tanks; types of fueltanks and spillage con
28、siderations were added; restrictions on the types of batteries that can beused were added; the minimum number of cranks, including time-outs, that an engine mustbe capable of completing was clarified; cooling system requirements were clarified; workingspace requirements were added; and the issue of
29、timing devices in health care facilities fortesting a generator was clarified.The 1999 edition was changed by the deletion of the testing of generator sets at 50 percentof the emergency power supply system (EPSS) load because the relevant measure is thenameplate rating. That edition also deleted the
30、 exception for wet stacking. Exhaust tempera-ture monitoring was added, because it is an acceptable performance measure of properemergency power supply (EPS) loading.1101NFPA and National Fire Protection Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massa
31、chusetts 02169.The 2002 edition included format and technical revisions. The 2000 edition of the Manual of Style for NFPA TechnicalCommittee Documents was applied in this documents restructure and format. Introductory material in Chapter 1 wasformatted for consistency among all NFPA documents. Refer
32、enced publications that apply to the document wererelocated from the last chapter to Chapter 2, resulting in the renumbering of chapters. Informational referencesremained in the last annex. Appendices were designated as annexes. Definitions in Chapter 3 were reviewed forconsistency with definitions
33、in other NFPA documents, systematically aligned, and individually numbered. Paragraphstructuring was revised with the intent of one mandatory requirement per section, subsection, or paragraph. Informa-tion that often accompanied many of the requirements was moved to Annex A, Explanatory Material. Ex
34、ceptions weredeleted or rephrased in mandatory text, unless the exception represented an allowance or required an alternateprocedure to a general rule when limited specified conditions existed. The format appearance and structure providedcontinuity among NFPA documents, clarity of mandatory text, an
35、d greater ease in locating specific mandatory text.Changes in the 2002 edition of NFPA 110 included definitive and broad-based requirements regarding electricalinstallations in accordance with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code; additional EPS controls and safeguards, such asalerting staff of impendi
36、ng failure of the EPS to start; access and working space around the generator set; ventilation;energy converters; and EPSS testing requirements.Changes in the 2005 edition of NFPA 110 included electrical installations in accordance with NFPA 70, NationalElectrical Code; revised clearance distances b
37、etween transfer switches and service equipment; revision of the definitionsfor both lead-acid (flooded) and valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries; and changes in the testing and mainte-nance section to include testing for spark-ignited engines that parallels those for diesel. Changes for the 20
38、05 editionalso included new annex material for diesel fuel testing and maintenance procedures, as well as transfer switches.Significant revisions to the 2010 edition included the following:(1) That applying the requirements of this standard to systems classed as optional standby is not mandatory.(2)
39、 That the operation testing and routine maintenance requirements of Chapter 8 cover both new and existingEPSSs.(3) Aligning the definitions of Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) and Nonautomatic Transfer Switch with NFPA 111,Standard on Stored Electrical Energy Emergency and Standby Power Systems, and
40、for correlation with relevant productstandards covering the construction of transfer switches.(4) Revising the requirements of Chapter 7 for acceptance testing to distinguish what is required for new and unoc-cupied buildings and facilities from what is required for existing occupied buildings and f
41、acilities. In addition,requirements for test duration, step-testing intervals, and required documentation had been modified.(5) Revising the requirements of Chapter 8 on operational test durations for diesel and spark-ignited prime movers.In addition, the 36-month test requirement was revised to cla
42、rify the maximum duration, the minimum accept-able EPS loading or operating condition, and the method of test initiation.One of the most significant changes for the 2013 edition is the deletion of the mandatory 96-hour fuel supplyrequirement (Section 5.1.2) for seismic categories C, D, E or F. The n
43、eed for continued operation and the minimumoperational time without refueling is a design consideration or is directed by another standard. Several references toASTM standards and additional annex material were added to address fuel quality and storage issues. The primemover cooling and ventilation
44、system construction and installation requirements were reorganized. This action movedsections about construction to Chapter 5 and sections about performance Chapter 7.1102 EMERGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS2013 EditionTechnical Correlating Committee on National Electrical Code(NEC-AAC)Michael J. Jo
45、hnston, ChairNational Electrical Contractors Association, MD IMMark W. Earley, SecretaryNational Fire Protection Association, MA(staff-nonvoting)Jean A. OConnor, SecretaryNational Fire Protection Association, MA(staff-nonvoting)James E. Brunssen, Telcordia, NJ UTRep. Alliance for Telecommunications
46、IndustrySolutionsMerton W. Bunker, Jr., U.S. Department of State, VA UWilliam R. Drake, Actuant Electrical, CA MWilliam T. Fiske, Intertek Testing Services, NY RTPalmer L. Hickman, National Joint ApprenticeNFPA 37, Standard for the Installation and Use ofStationary Combustion Engines and Gas Turbine
47、s; NFPA 54, Na-tional Fuel Gas Code; and NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gas Code.7.9.1.2* Fuel system design shall provide for a supply of cleanfuel to the prime mover.7.9.1.3 Tanks shall be sized so that the fuel is consumedwithin the storage life, or provisions shall be made to remedi-ate fuel that
48、is stale or contaminated or to replace stale orcontaminated fuel with clean fuel.7.9.2 Fuel tanks shall be close enough to the prime mover forthe fuel lift (suction head) of the prime mover fuel pump tomeet the fuel system requirements, or a fuel transfer pumpand day tank shall be provided.11016 EME
49、RGENCY AND STANDBY POWER SYSTEMS2013 Edition7.9.2.1 If the engine manufacturers fuel pump static headpressure limits are exceeded when the level of fuel in the tankis at a maximum, a day tank shall be utilized.7.9.3 Fuel piping shall be of compatible metal to minimizeelectrolysis and shall be properly sized, with vent and fill pipeslocated to prevent entry of groundwater or rain into the tank.7.9.3.1* Galvanized fuel lines shall not be used.7
