1、 NASA STANDARD NASA-STD-8719.12 With Change 2 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Approved: 2010-1-29 Change 2 Approved: 2011-12-12 Washington, DC 20546-0001 Safety Standard for Explosives, Propellants, and Pyrotechnics MEASUREMENT SYSTEM IDENTIFICATION: HYBRID - INCH-POUND AND METRIC Requ
2、ests for relief from the requirements in this document are processed through the NASA Safety and Mission Assurance Technical Authority per NPR 8715.3, paragraph 1.13 Approved for public release distribution is unlimited Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without lic
3、ense from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 2 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 3 DOCUMENT HISTORY LOG Status Document Revision Approval Date Description Baseline 2010-1-29 Initial Release (Supersedes
4、 NASA-Safety Standard 1740.12) JWL4 Change 1 2011-11-17 Changes to paragraphs 3.1, 4.25.9.1.12.5.1, 4.25.9.1.12.10, 5.53.4.4 and note #5 to Table XXXII. JWL4 Change 2 2011-12-12 Administrative change to add Requirement Hyperlinks to the SMARTS application. JWL4 This document is subject to reviews pe
5、r Office of Management and Budget Circular A-119, Federal Participation in the Development and Use of Voluntary Standards (02/10/1998) and NPR 7120.10, Technical Standards for NASA Programs and Projects. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-
6、,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 4 FOREWORD This standard is published by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to provide uniform engineering and technical requirements for processes, procedures, practices, and methods that have been endorsed as standard for NASA programs. This s
7、tandard is approved for use by NASA Headquarters and NASA Centers, including Component Facilities. This standard has been reviewed and approved for NASA use in accordance with 29 CFR 1960.18 as a supplemental standard to OSHA 1910.109. This standard expands and updates requirements and criteria of N
8、SS 1740.12. The following subject areas are changed or incorporated: Explosive Safety Officer roles and responsibilities. Criteria for: o Process safety management. o Equivalency and variance. o Explosives identification. Training certification. Explosive wastes. Fire extinguisher and symbol criteri
9、a. Fire reporting and training. Emergency withdrawal distances Electrical, Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR)/Radio Frequency(RF), lighting and Electrostatic Discharge (ESD). Laboratory safety and peroxide forming chemical management. Storage compatibility group, classification, interchange, intermodal
10、, and holding yard. Vehicle and Ground Support Equipment (GSE) fire extinguisher. o Security requirements. o Energetic liquids applicability. Flammable/toxic vapor atmospheric dispersion. Solid rocket motor static test stand. Hazardous materials storage tank. Building, wall, earth covered and high p
11、erformance magazines design. Licensed explosive locations. Ground support equipment, government and privately owned vehicles parking location. Hazard Division (H/D) 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6, energetic liquid, airfield and heliport quantity distance. Unrelated employee public transportation route prot
12、ection. Explosions and exposure risk management. o Site planning. o Maximum Credible Event (MCE) based Quantity-Distance (QD) Siting. Non-mandatory section includes additional site planning guidance, ESD sources, Electro-explosive Device (EED) and RF energy analysis, and H/D 1.1 effects at specified
13、. Subject index. This standard replaces and supersedes NSS 1740.12, August 1993. Requests of information, corrections, or additions to this standard should be submitted via “Feedback” in the NASA Technical Standards System at http:/standards.nasa.gov. Bryan OConnor Approval Date Chief, Safety and Mi
14、ssion Assurance January 29, 2010 Change 1 approved: _WBH, III_ dated: November 17, 2011Change 2 approved: _WBH, III_ dated: December 12, 2011 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 5 This page intentionally lef
15、t blank. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 SCOPE 12 1.1 Purpose. 12 1.2 Applicability. . 12 CHAPTER 2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS/REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 14 2.1 Order of precedence 14 2.
16、2 Applicable documents. 14 2.3 Reference Documents. 17 CHAPTER 3 DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS . 20 3.1 Definitions used in this standard. 20 3.2 Acronyms . 31 CHAPTER 4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 37 4.1 Equivalency . 37 4.2 Requirements Terminology 37 4.3 Safety Variance Process . 37 4.4 Process Safety Manage
17、ment (PSM). . 38 4.5 Roles and Responsibilities. . 38 Section 4A OPERATIONAL EXPLOSIVES LIMITS . 38 4.6 Minimum Use of Explosives. 38 4.7 Maximum Permitted Quantity of Explosives. 38 4.8 Determining Limit for Explosive Use. . 38 4.9 Additional Definitions for Explosive Limits. 38 4.10 Authority to D
18、etermine Operational and Personnel Limits. 38 Section 4B PERSONNEL LIMITS . 39 4.11 Principles for Establishing Personnel Limits. 39 Section 4C LIMIT CONTROL . 39 4.12 Posting and Recording 39 4.13 Limit Review and Approvals . 39 4.14 Personnel Controls. . 40 Section 4D IDENTIFICATION OF LIVE AND IN
19、ERT HARDWARE 40 4.15 Item Labeling. . 40 Section 4E SECURITY REQUIREMENTS 40 4.16 Security Compliance Requirements. . 40 Section 4F TRAINING 40 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 7 4.17 General Explosives H
20、andling Training. 40 4.18 Hazardous Materials Information and Training Programs. 41 4.19 Level of Required Training. . 41 4.20 Supervisory Responsibility. 41 4.21 Training and Certification Programs. 42 Section 4G OPERATING PROCEDURES 43 4.22 Requirements for Preparing and Controlling Procedures. .
21、43 4.23 Guidelines. . 43 4.24 Content of Operating Procedures. . 44 Section 4H LEVEL-OF-PROTECTION CRITERIA FOR SITING EXPLOSIVES ACTIVITIES . 45 4.25 Facility Construction and Site Plan . 45 Section 4I STORAGE, HANDLING, AND DISPOSAL OF EXPLOSIVES WASTES . . 60 4.26 Compliance Requirements. 60 CHAP
22、TER 5 DETAILED REQUIREMENTS . 61 Section 5A FIRE PROTECTION . 61 5.1 General . 61 5.2 Fire Protection Criteria 61 5.3 Fire Divisions . 61 5.4 Display of Fire, Chemical, and/or Apply No Water Symbols. 62 5.5 Firefighting Procedures. . 64 5.6 Storage of Water for Firefighting. . 70 5.7 Automatic Sprin
23、kler Systems. . 70 5.8 Vegetation Control 71 5.9 Safety Requirements in Specific Hazardous Areas 71 Section 5B ELECTRICAL, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION, LIGHTNING PROTECTION, AND STATIC ELECTRICITY 72 5.10 Electrical Hazard Classes . 72 5.11 Lightning Protection . 73 5.12 Explosives in Process During E
24、lectrical Storms 76 5.13 Static Electricity and Control of ESD . 77 Section 5C LABORATORY SAFETY 85 5.14 General Laboratory Safety 85 5.15 Safety Shields. 86 5.16 Heating Operations. 87 5.17 Laboratory Setups 88 5.18 Low Concentration of Explosives in Solution. . 88 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo r
25、eproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 8 5.19 Explosives Sample Control. 88 5.20 Time Sensitive, Shock Sensitive, Peroxide Forming Chemical Management and Compatible Storage. 88 Section 5D CONCURRENT HAZARDOUS OPERATIONS 92 5.21 General . 92 S
26、ection 5E HOUSEKEEPING 93 5.22 General . 93 5.23 Precautions 93 5.24 Explosives Recovery and Reuse . 93 5.25 Sweeping Compounds. 94 5.26 Smoking . 94 5.27 Prohibited Articles in Hazardous Areas . 95 Section 5F PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT 95 5.28 General. 95 5.29 Clothing 95 5.30 Eye Protection . 9
27、6 5.31 Hearing Protection 96 5.32 Respiratory Protective Devices 96 5.33 Sweatbands 96 5.34 Head Protection . 96 5.35 Conductive Footwear 97 5.36 Conductive Footwear Specifications . 97 5.37 Sparkproof Safety Shoes 97 5.38 Electricians Safety Shoes . 97 Section 5G TOOLING AND EQUIPMENT SAFETY . 97 5
28、.39 Hand Tool Safety . 97 5.40 Hot Work Permits . 98 5.41 Maintenance and Repairs to Equipment and Buildings. 98 5.42 Electrical Testing of Explosives Components. 98 5.43 Heat Conditioning of Explosives Equipment. 99 Section 5H EXPLOSIVES, PROPELLANTS, AND PYROTECHNICS HAZARD CLASSIFICATION 100 5.44
29、 Classification System 100 5.45 Storage Principles. 103 5.46 Storage and Compatibility Groups (CG) 104 5.47 Mixed Storage 105 Section 5I QUANTITY DISTANCE REQUIREMENTS . 106 5.48 General . 106 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-
30、8719.12 with Change 2 9 5.49 Principles. 107 5.50 Establishment of Quantity of Explosives and Distances. 108 5.51 Hazard Division QD Tables. 113 Section 5J TRANSPORTATION, MATERIALS HANDLING EQUIPMENT, AND SHIPMENT OF EXPLOSIVES, PROPELLANTS, AND PYROTECHNICS . 170 5.52 General Transportation Requir
31、ements. 170 5.53 Motor Vehicle Transportation Requirements. . 170 5.54 Surface, Air, and Water Transportation Regulations. 171 5.55 Materials Handling Equipment for Explosives. . 172 5.56 Refueling Procedures 173 5.57 Storage of Gasoline, Diesel-Powered, or LP-Gas Powered Equipment. 173 5.58 Storage
32、 of Battery-Powered Equipment. 173 5.59 Operating Requirements. . 174 5.60 Preparing Explosives and Pyrotechnics for Shipment. . 174 Section 5K EXPLOSION HAZARDS AND EXPOSURE RISK MANAGEMENT 174 5.61 Introduction. 174 5.62 Risk Management Process. 174 5.63 Blast Wave Phenomena. . 175 5.64 Partially
33、Confined Explosions. 176 5.65 Expected Effects Hazard Division 1.1. . 176 5.66 Fragments. . 177 5.67 Thermal Hazard. . 177 CHAPTER 6 NOTES. . 178 6.1 Environmental Conditions and Common Sources of ESD. 178 6.2 EED Initiation from Electromagnetic Radiation. 179 6.3 Expected Effects of Hazard Division
34、 1.1. 184 APPENDIX A SITE PLANNING GUIDANCE . 188 A.1 SCOPE 188 A.2 DEFINITIONS . 188 A.3 GENERAL GUIDELINES 188 A.4 DETAILED GUIDELINES . 188 APPENDIX B PEROXIDE FORMING CHEMICALS 191 APPENDIX C KEYWORD INDEX . 199 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license
35、 from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 10 LIST OF TABLES Table I. Fire Divisions 62 Table II. Emergency Withdrawal Distances for Nonessential Personnel . 65 Table III. Fire Division Hazards and Actions . 66 Table IV. Chemical Symbol Hazards and Actions . 68 Table V. Recommended EED Safe Separa
36、tion Distances and Power Densities 83 Table VI. Safety Shields for Explosive Laboratory Operations 86 Table VII. Moieties That Can Form Organic Peroxides. . 89 Table VIII. Chemicals That Form Potentially Explosive Peroxides Without Concentration . 90 Table IX. Chemicals That Form Potentially Explosi
37、ve Peroxides on Concentration . 91 Table X. Chemicals That Autopolymerize. 92 Table XI. Storage Compatibility Mixing Chart 105 Table XII. Hazard Division 1.1 Inhabited Building and Public Traffic Route Distances 115 Table XIII. Hazard Division 1.1, Intraline Distances . 119 Table XIV. Hazard Divisio
38、n 1.1, Intraline Distances from Earth-Covered Magazines 121 Table XV. Intermagazine Hazard Factors and Distances for Hazard Division 1.1 . 124 Table XVI. Intermagazine Hazard Factors and Distances for Hazard Division 1.1 Part B - Distance in Feet (Sheet 1). . 128 Table XVII. Hazard Division 1.1 Haza
39、rdous Fragment Distances . 133 Table XVIII. Hazard Subdivision 1.2.1 Quantity-Distances (IBD, PTR, ILD) for Explosives with NEWQD 1.60 Pounds . 138 Table XIX. Hazardous Debris Distances for H/D 1.2.1 Items Stored in Structures Which Can Contribute to the Debris Hazard . 139 Table XX. Hazard Subdivis
40、ion 1.2.2 Quantity-Distances (IBD, PTR, ILD) for Explosives with NEWQD 1.60 Pounds 140 Table XXI. Summary of Hazard Subdivisions 1.2.1, 1.2.2, and 1.2.3 Quantity-Distances 141 Table XXII. Hazard Subdivisions 1.2.1, 1.2.2, and 1.2.3 Mixing Rules 143 Table XXIII. Hazard Division 1.3 Quantity-Distances
41、. 144 Table XXIV. Hazard Division 1.4 Quantity-Distances . 146 Table XXV. Quantity-Distance Criteria for Hazard Division 1.6 Explosives 147 Table XXVI. Hazard Division 1.1 - Quantity-Distance for Explosives Loaded Aircraft Parking Areas . 152 Table XXVII. Application of Explosives Safety Distances (
42、Airfields and Heliports) 153 Table XXVIII. Quantity-Distance Separation for Protection of Underground Service Installations 155 Table XXIX. Hazard Classifications and Minimum QD for Energetic Liquids 156 Table XXX. Factors to Use When Converting Gallons of Energetic Liquids into Pounds 158 Table XXX
43、I. Energetic Liquid Explosive Equivalents . 162 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 11 Table XXXII. QD Criteria for OSHA/NFPA Class I III Flammable and Combustible Energetic Liquids Storage in Detached Build
44、ings or Tanks 163 Table XXXIII. QD Criteria for Energetic Liquid Oxidizer (excluding Liquid Oxygen) Storage in Detached Buildings or Tanks . 164 Table XXXIV. QD Criteria for Liquid Oxygen 165 Table XXXV. QD Criteria for Liquid Hydrogen and Bulk Quantities of Hydrazines . 165 Table XXXVI. Recommended
45、 Distances Between Bulk Gaseous Oxygen Storage and Flammable Gases Stored Above Ground 168 Table B-1. Peroxide Forming Chemicals. 191 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Determination of Barricade Height . 50 Figure 2. Determination of Barricade Length . 50 Figure 3. Fire Symbols . 63 Figure 4. Chemical and A
46、pply No Water Symbols . 64 Figure 5. Recommended Safe Separation Distances for EEDs in Exposed Condition. . 84 Figure 6. Sample Label 89 Figure 7. Orientation Effects on Intermagazine Distance. . 126 Figure 8. Orientation Effects on ILD Intermagazine Distance 127 Figure 9. Six-Step Process of Operat
47、ional Risk Management. 175 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NASA-STD-8719.12 with Change 2 12 Safety Standard for Explosives, Propellants, and Pyrotechnics CHAPTER 1 SCOPE 1.1 Purpose. This document prescribes the National Aeronautics
48、and Space Administration (NASA) safety standards/procedures for operations involving explosives handling and processing. These operations are an integral part of explosives-related development and manufacturing activities. Safety of all explosive operations associated with NASA programs is an ongoing, primary concern and continually must be given high priority in all program direction and management. This document provides a uniform set of standards for all NASA installations involved in explosives storage, handling, or processi
