1、SAE-AMS3901ADOPTION NOTICESAE-AMS3901, “YARN AND ROVING, ORGANIC FIBER (PARA-ARAMID),HIGH MODULUS“, was adopted on 30-JAN-86 for use by the Departmentof Defense (DoD). Proposed changes by DoD activities must besubmitted to the DoD Adopting Activity: Commander, Naval AirWarfare Center, Aircraft Divis
2、ion, Code 414100B120-3, Highway547, Lakehurst, NJ 08733-5100. Copies of this document may bepurchased from the Society of Automotive Engineers 400Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, Pennsylvania, United States,15096-0001. http:/www.sae.org/_Custodians: Adopting Activity:Navy - ASArmy - MRNavy - ASAir For
3、ce - 11Reviewer Activities:Army - GLDLA - CTAREA CMPSDISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distributionis unlimited.SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and enginee ring sciences. The use of this report
4、is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE
5、invit es your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 1998 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-7161 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.or
6、g400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001AEROS PACE MATERIAL SPECIFIC ATIONSubmitted for recognition as an American National StandardAMS 3901CIssued JUN 1974Revised SEP 1998Superseding AMS 3901BOrganic Fiber (Para-Aramid), Yarn and Roving, High Modulus1. SCOPE:1.1 Form: This specification a
7、nd its supplementary detail specifications covers organic fibers in the form of continuous, multifilament yarn and roving.1.2 Application: These products have been used typically in weaving or as reinforcement in composites for structural applications, but usage is not limited to such applications.
8、Each application should be considered individually.1.3 Classification: The fibers shall be as specified in the applicable detail specification, wherein each product is defined by form and property characteristics. An example is shown in Section 8.2 The product covered by each detail specification ap
9、pears as part of the title.1.4 Safety - Hazardous Materials: While the materials, methods, applications, and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards which may be involved in such use. It is th
10、e sole responsibility of the user to ensure familiarity with the safe and proper use of any hazardous materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS:The following publications form a part of this specification
11、to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order.AMS 3901C SAE AMS 3901C- 2 -2.1 ASTM Publications:Available from ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken,
12、 PA 19428-2959.ASTM D 885 Testing Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, and Industrial Filament Yarns Made from Man-Made Organic Base FibersASTM D 1907-89 Yarn Number by the Skein MethodASTM D 2343-67 Tensile Properties of Glass Fiber Strands, Yarns, and Rovings Used in Reinforced Plastics2.2 ANSI Publicat
13、ions:Available from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS: 3.1 Detail Specifications: The requirements for a specific product shall consist of all requirements specified herein in addition
14、 to requirements specified in the applicable detail specification. In case of conflict between requirements of this basic specification and an applicable detail specification, requirements of the detail specification shall govern.3.2 Material: 3.2.1 Construction: The product shall consist of paralle
15、l, undirectional, continuous, organic filaments characteristized by flexibility and fineness.3.2.2 Finish: The fiber shall be supplied without finish or treatment other than that listed for the weaving yarns or that allowed as residual in the detail specifications. When specified, a finish or treatm
16、ent may be applied to promote compatibility of the fiber with the resin system with which it is to be used for handling during weaving.3.2.3 Color: Shall be essentially yellow.3.2.4 Splices: Shall be in accordance with the applicable detail specification.3.2.4.1 Splices shall be made by air entangle
17、ment or an equivalent material or procedure approved by the procuring activity. Splices shall have 1/2 to 1 inch (12.7 to 25.4 mm) overlap.3.3 Properties: The product shall conform to the requirements of this specification and the applicable detail specification. Tests shall be performed on the prod
18、uct supplied and in accordance with specified ASTM test methods insofar as practicle.AMS 3901C SAE AMS 3901C- 3 -3.4 Quality: Product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, and free from foreign materials and free from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product.
19、4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS: 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection: The manufacturer shall supply all samples and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product
20、 conforms to the requirements of this specification.4.2 Classification of Tests: 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests: Requirements for construction (see 3.2.1), splices (see 3.2.4), property testing in accordance with 3.3 or as specified in the applicable detail specifications, and quality (see 3.4) are acceptan
21、ce tests and shall be performed on each lot.4.2.2 Preproduction Tests: All technical requirements are preproduction tests and shall be performed prior to or on the initial shipment of the product by the manufacturer, when any change in ingredients and/or processing requires reapproval as in 4.4.2 an
22、d when purchaser deems confirmatory testing to be required.4.3 Sampling and Testing: Shall be as follows:4.3.1 Roving: Shall be in accordance with ANSI/ASQ Z1.4. Test specimens shall be taken from balls of roving selected at random throughout the lot.4.3.2 Yarn: Shall be in accordance with a statist
23、ically valid plan designed to monitor and maintain targeted process control and product property distribution.4.3.3 A lot of roving shall be all product produced in a single 24-hour production run or a single production run under the same fixed conditions and presented for manufacturers inspection a
24、t one time.4.3.4 A lot of yarn shall be all product produced in a single 24-hour production run from the same batch of raw materials and presented for manufacturers inspection at one time.4.3.5 Inspection Unit: An inspection unit shall be each individual package.4.3.6 For Tensile Strength and Modulu
25、s of Elasticity: A minimum of five specimens from each inspection unit.4.3.7 For Linear Density: One specimen from each inspection unit.AMS 3901C SAE AMS 3901C- 4 -4.3.8 For Catenary: One specimen from the beginning and the end of each creel stocking for roving; none required for yarn.4.4 Approval:
26、4.4.1 Sample product shall be approved by purchaser before product for production use is supplied, unless such approval be waived by purchaser. Results of tests on production product shall be essentially equivalent to those on the approved sample. If necessary to make any change in ingredients, in t
27、ype of equipment for processing, or in manufacturing procedures, supplier shall submit for reapproval a statement of the proposed changes in ingredients and/or processing and, when requested, sample product. Production product made by the revised procedure shall not be shipped prior to receipt of re
28、approval.4.4.2 Manufacturer of the product shall make no significant change in material, processes, or control factors from those on which the approval was based, unless the change is approved by the cognizant engineering organization. A significant change is one which, in the judgment of the cogniz
29、ant engineering organization, could affect the properties or performance of the product.4.5 Test Methods: Shall be as follows:4.5.1 Tensile Strength and Modulus of Elasticity: Shall be determined in accordance with ASTM D 885 or ASTM D 2343-67, Procedure A, with the following modifications to the pr
30、ocedure inASTM D 2343-67.4.5.1.1 The preparation of the fibers can be done according to either of the following two methods: 4.5.1.1.1 Method 1: Fiber shall be conditioned at 50 C 3 (122 F 5) for not less than eight hours prior to preparing test specimens. Because fiber is hydroscopic, specimens sha
31、ll be prepared from oven-dried fiber maintained at not lower than 50 C (122 F) until impregnated.4.5.1.1.2 Method 2: Fiber shall be dried at 50 C 3 (122 F 5) for not less than three hours prior to conditioning the fiber at 20 C 2 (68 F 4) and 65% RH 2 for not less than sixteen hours before the impre
32、gnation will be done or the twisted fiber will be tested.4.5.1.2 Impregnate specimens with an epoxy resin that gives acceptable results. The resin shall be compatible with the fiber finish.4.5.1.3 Cure specimens for 120 minutes 10 at 55 C 5 (131 F 9); 60 minutes 10 at 80 C 5(176 F 9); and 60 minutes
33、 10 at 150 C 5 (302 F 9) or with other time/temperature cure schedule appropriate for the resin.AMS 3901C SAE AMS 3901C- 5 -4.5.1.4 Calculate the cross-sectional area of the specimen to three significant figures as shown in Equation 1 or Equation 2:(Eq. 1)(Eq. 2)where:A = Cross-sectional area, squar
34、e inch (cm 2 ),B = Weight of two skeins, g, after drying at 150 C 5 (302 F 9) for not less than 15 minutes.D = Linear Density of the specimen in den (g/9000 m) or dtex (g/10000 m),L = Total length of two skeins, cm,P = Density of organic fiber (1.4 g/cm 3 ), and0.155 = The factor for converting from
35、 metric units in cm 2 to inch/pound units in square inches. Omit this factor from the equation when working with metric units.4.5.1.4.1 Calculate the tensile strength by dividing the ultimate breaking load by the average cross-sectional area of the two skeins.4.5.2 Linear Density: Shall be determine
36、d in accordance with ASTM D 1907-89, Option 5 or as follows:4.5.2.1 Measure a 45-m length of yarn or a 18-m length of roving. Dry fiber at 300 C 3 (572 F 5) for 20 to 30 minutes or at 105 C 2 (221 F 4) for at least three hours. Cool in a conditioned atmosphere for at least 10 minutes.4.5.2.2 Immedia
37、tely weigh the fiber sample to the nearest milligram.4.5.2.3 Calculate the linear density according to one of the following methods: 4.5.2.3.1 Method 1: Calculate the linear density as shown in Equation 3 and Equation 4:(Eq. 3)(Eq. 4)where finish factor is:0.9880 is 1.2% finish,0.9920 for 0.8% finis
38、h,0.9940 for 0.6% finish, and0.9960 for 0.4% finish.A 0.155 * BL * P-=A 0.155 * DP-=Yarn Linear Density (den)45-m sample weight * 200 * finish factor=Roving Linear Density (den)(18-m sample weight) * 500 * finish factor=AMS 3901C SAE AMS 3901C- 6 -4.5.2.3.2 Method 2: Calculate the linear density as
39、shown in Equation 5:(Eq. 5)where:A = weight of skein conditioned per method 2 of section 4.5.1.1.2 g B = length of skein, m.4.5.3 Fiber Finish Content: Shall be determined by either of the two methods as follows:4.5.3.1 Method 1: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)4.5.3.1.1 Reel a sample skein to the l
40、ength specified in Table 1.4.5.3.1.2 Dry the sample at 100 C 3 (212 F 5) for 15 minutes 1.4.5.3.1.3 Remove skeins from oven and begin weighing immediately to the nearest 0.001 gram.4.5.3.1.4 When the skein is weighed, put it into a clear sample tube. Cap the open end of the tube. Samples must be wei
41、ghed, placed in the sample tube, and capped within 30 minutes of removal from the oven.4.5.3.1.5 Place each sample tube in a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) test instrument and measure the finish level.TABLE 1 - Sample LengthsLinear Density, denier Sample Length, m195/200 81380/400 40.5600 28.12572
42、0/750 22.5840/850 19.125900 181000 15.751140/1150 14.6251420/1435/1500 10.1252160/2250 6.752840/3000 4.5Linear Density (tex) = (A/B) *1000AMS 3901C SAE AMS 3901C- 7 -4.5.3.2 Method 2: Soak and Blow Method4.5.3.2.1 Weigh approximately 10 grams of oven-dried fiber (or 5 grams for the automated extract
43、ion unit) to the nearest 0.0001 gram. Fiber drying can be done in a moisture teller or by oven-drying as in 4.5.2.1. Fiber drying isnt necessary if moisture is corrected for in the calculation of the fiber finish content (see 4.5.3.2.4.9).4.5.3.2.2 For each specimen, tare a balance with a clean alum
44、inum dish that has been rinsed with a solvent suitable for removal of fiber finish and oven-dried at 105 C 2 (221 F 4) for 10 minutes 2.4.5.3.2.3 If using the automated extraction unit, see 4.5.3.2.4. Otherwise, remove the fiber finish as follows:4.5.3.2.3.1 Place fiber sample into an extraction fun
45、nel. Close stock cock and introduce 65 mL of solvent. Funnel should be sized so that this volume of solvent covers fiber sample to a depth of 0.25 inch (6.4 mm).4.5.3.2.3.2 Soak samples for not less than 10 minutes, stirring each sample occasionally with a different rod.4.5.3.2.3.3 Open stop cock to
46、 drain solvent into tared dish (see 4.5.3.2.2).4.5.3.2.3.4 Using a rubber stopper fitted to a 2 to 3 psi (140 to 200 mbar) air line, blow solvent residue into dish.4.5.3.2.3.5 Repeat Sections 4.5.3.2.3.1 through 4.5.3.2.3.4 two additional times.4.5.3.2.3.6 Prepare a solvent blank sample using the sa
47、me volume of solvent as used in the analysis with each series of samples.4.5.3.2.3.7 Evaporate sample cups to dryness on a steam bath.4.5.3.2.3.8 Wipe cup bottoms and dry in an oven at 105 C 2 (221 F 4) for 10 minutes 2.4.5.3.2.3.9 Remove cups to desiccator to cool.4.5.3.2.3.10 Reweigh cups with fin
48、ish residue to nearest 0.0001 g.AMS 3901C SAE AMS 3901C- 8 -4.5.3.2.3.11 Calculations: As shown in Equation 6.(Eq. 6)where:A = Weight of yarn sample, g (see 4.5.3.2.1),B = Weight of empty cup, g (see 4.5.3.2.2),C = Weight of cup with finish residue, g (see 4.5.3.2.3.10),D = Weight of residue in blan
49、k, g (see 4.5.3.2.3.10), and100 = Percent conversion factor.4.5.3.2.4 Remove the fiber finish using the automated extraction unit as follows: 4.5.3.2.4.1 Place the fiber sample into the extraction unit. Add 400 mL of solvent. Funnel should be sized so that this volume of solvent covers the sample completely.4.5.3.2.4.2 Soak samples for not less than 35 minutes in the boiling stand. Th
