1、_ 6$(7HFKQLFDO6WDQGDUGV%RDUG5XOHVSURYLGHWKDW7KLVUHS ort is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is
2、the sole UHVSRQVLELOLWRIWKHXVHU SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may
3、be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、 Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS4957F AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS4957 REV. F Issued 1987-10 Revised 2016-07 Supersed
5、ing AMS4957E Titanium Alloy, Round Bar and Wire 3AI - 8V - 6Cr - 4Mo - 4Zr Consumable Electrode Melted Solution Heat Treated and Cold Drawn (Composition similar to UNS R58640) RATIONALE AMS4957F results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification that includes the removal of sample size
6、 allowance for hydrogen of Table 1 (covered by ASTM E1447), requires agreement on mechanical property values for material outside specification ranges (3.4.2.1.1 and 8.5), revises ultrasonic inspection (3.5.2), adds AS6279 (3.7) and revises the report paragraph (4.4). 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specific
7、ation covers a titanium alloy in the form of round bar and wire, 0.625 inch (15.88 mm) and under in nominal diameter or thickness. 1.2 Application These products have been used typically for coil springs requiring high tensile strength and corrosion resistance, but usage is not limited to such appli
8、cations. 1.3 Classification Bars and wire shall be classified as follow: Type 1 - Straight lengths; Solution heat treated, cold drawn, straightened and centerless ground or polished Type 2 - Coil; Solution heat treated and cold drawn 1.3.1 Either Type 1 or Type 2 may be supplied unless a specific ty
9、pe is ordered. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When
10、the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4957F Page 2 of 8 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-
11、606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2241 Tolerances, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steel, Iron Alloy, Titanium, and Titanium Alloy Bars and Wire AMS2249 Chemical Check Analysis Limits Titanium and Titanium Alloys AMS2631 Ultrasonic Inspection Titanium an
12、d Titanium Alloy Bar, Billet and Plate AMS2750 Pyrometry AMS2809 Identification Titanium and Titanium Alloy Wrought Products AS6279 Standard Practice for Production, Distribution, and Procurement of Metal Stock 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box
13、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM E8/E8M Tension Testing of Metallic Materials ASTM E112 Determining Average Grain Size ASTM E426 Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Testing of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austenitic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys
14、ASTM E1409 Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Technique ASTM E1417 Liquid Penetrant Testing ASTM E1447 Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by the Inert Gas Fusion Thermal Conductivity/Infrared Detection Method ASTM E1941
15、 Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion Analysis ASTM E2371 Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Atomic Emission Spectrometry SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4957F Page 3 of 8 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Co
16、mposition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1; carbon shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E1941, hydrogen in accordance with ASTM E1447, oxygen and nitrogen in accordance with ASTM E1409, and other elements in accordance with ASTM E2371. Other analytical methods may b
17、e used if acceptable to the purchaser. Table 1 - Composition Element min max Vanadium 7.50 8.50 Chromium 5.50 6.50 Molybdenum 3.50 4.50 Zirconium 3.50 4.50 Aluminum 3.00 4.00 Iron - 0.30 Oxygen - 0.14 Palladium (3.1.1) - 0.10 Carbon - 0.05 Nitrogen - 0.03 Hydrogen (3.1.2) - 0.030 (300 ppm) Yttrium (
18、3.1.3) - 0.005 ( 50 ppm) Other Elements, each (3.1.3) - 0.15 Other Elements, total (3.1.3) - 0.40 Titanium remainder 3.1.1 Determination not required unless intentionally added. 3.1.2 To be determined on final product. 3.1.3 Determination not required for routine acceptance. 3.1.4 Check Analysis Com
19、position variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2249. 3.2 Melting Practice Alloy shall be multiple melted. The first melt shall be made by vacuum consumable electrode, nonconsumable electrode, electron beam cold hearth, or plasma arc cold hearth melting practice. The subsequent melt
20、 or melts shall be made under vacuum using vacuum arc remelting (VAR) practice. Alloy additions are not permitted in the final melt cycle. 3.2.1 The atmosphere for melting cycle(s) prior to the final melting cycle(s) shall be vacuum or shall be argon and/or helium at an absolute pressure not higher
21、than 1000 mm of mercury. 3.2.2 The electrode tip for nonconsumable electrode melting shall be water-cooled copper. SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4957F Page 4 of 8 3.3 Condition Product shall be solution treated at 1450 to 1700 F (790 to 925 C) holding at the selected temperature within 25 F (14 C) for a time
22、 commensurate with the thickness and the heating equipment and procedure used, with a cooling rate equivalent to an air cool or faster and cold drawn to reduce cross sectional area by 20 to 35%. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.3.1 Type 1 Straight lengths, after solution heat treatme
23、nt and cold drawing, shall be straightened, centerless ground or polished, cleaned, and acid pickled. Cleaning plus acid pickling shall remove not less than 0.0005 inch (0.013 mm) metal from the surface. 3.3.2 Type 2 Coils, after solution heat treatment and cold drawing, shall be cleaned and acid pi
24、ckled. Cleaning plus acid pickling shall remove not less than 0.0005 inch (0.013 mm) metal from the surface. 3.3.3 Product shall be furnished bare unless lubricant coating is specified. The lubricant used shall not contain chlorides or other substances deleterious to titanium and shall be suitable f
25、or use on automatic spring winding machines. 3.4 Properties The product shall conform to the following requirements: 3.4.1 As Cold Drawn 3.4.1.1 Coiling Product shall show uniform pitch when wound two coil minimum on an arbor having less than or equal to the diameter specified in Table 2. All surfac
26、es of the coil test shall be visually inspected at 8X to 12X magnification for the existence of cracks and seems. The test piece shall be extended as required to allow inspection of the coils. Table 2A - Diameter vs arbor diameter, inch/pound units Nominal Diameter (D) Inch Arbor Diameter Inch Up to
27、 0.125, incl 0.250 Over 0.125 to 0.187, incl 0.375 Over 0.187 to 0.250, incl 0.500 Over 0.250 to 0.312, incl 0.625 Over 0.312 to 0.375, incl 0.750 Over 0.375 to 0.435, incl 0.875 Over 0.435 to 0.500, incl 1.000 Over 0.500 to 0.560, incl 1.125 Over 0.560 to 0.625, incl 1.250 SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4957
28、F Page 5 of 8 Table 2B - Diameter vs arbor diameter, SI units Nominal Diameter (D) Millimeters Arbor Diameter Millimeters Up to 3.18, incl 6.35 Over 3.18 to 4.75, incl 9.53 Over 4.75 to 6.35, incl 12.70 Over 6.35 to 7.92, incl 15.88 Over 7.92 to 9.53, incl 19.05 Over 9.53 to 11.05, incl 22.23 Over 1
29、1.05 to 12.70, incl 25.40 Over 12.70 to 14.22, incl 28.58 Over 14.22 to 15.88, incl 31.75 3.4.1.2 Microstructure Product shall be examined at 400X minimum magnification and determined to be uniform and free from defects and surface contamination such as alpha case. 3.4.1.3 Average Grain Size Product
30、 shall have an average grain size of ASTM No. 5 or finer, determined in accordance with ASTM E112. The test sample shall be aged (decoration age) sufficiently to delineate grain boundaries. 3.4.2 After Aging The product shall have the following properties after being aged by heating to a temperature
31、 within the range 900 to 1050 F (482 to 566 C), holding at the selected temperature within 10 F (6 C) for 6 to 12 hours, and cooling in air. Pyrometry shall be in accordance with AMS2750. 3.4.2.1 Tensile Properties Shall be as shown in Table 3, determined in accordance with ASTM E8/E8M, as applicabl
32、e. Table 3A - Tensile properties, inch/pound units Nominal Diameter Inch Tensile Strength ksi Elongation in 4D %, min Reduction of Area %, min Up to 0.187, incl 190 to 210 10 20 Over 0.187 to 0.375, incl 185 to 205 10 20 Over 0.375 to 0.625, incl 180 to 200 8 20 Table 3B - Tensile properties, SI uni
33、ts Nominal Diameter Millimeters Tensile Strength MPa Elongation in 4D %, min Reduction of Area %, min Up to 4.75, incl 1310 to 1448 10 20 Over 4.75 to 9.52, incl 1276 to 1413 10 20 Over 9.52 to 15.88, incl 1241 to 1379 8 20 SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS4957F Page 6 of 8 3.4.2.1.1 Mechanical property require
34、ments for product outside the range covered by Table 2 shall be agreed upon between purchaser and producer. 3.5 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product.
35、 3.5.1 Visual Inspection The product shall have a smooth surface free from pits, seams, laps, cracks, ruptures, and abrasions; it shall be clean and free from kinks, twists, scrapes, splits, mechanical damage, and other imperfections. Coils shall have a uniform cast. 3.5.2 Nondestructive Testing of
36、Type 1 Straight Lengths All product shall be tested by ultrasonic inspection or electromagnetic (eddy current) inspection acceptable to purchaser (see 8.2). Ultrasonic inspection shall be both longitudinal, in accordance with AMS2631, Class AA, and shear wave, as specified in 3.5.2.1. Electromagneti
37、c inspection shall be performed by a technique equivalent to that in ASTM E426. After setup per AMS2631, Class AA, the alarm gate for longitudinal (internal) inspection shall be set no higher than 75% of the response from the reference standard. The noise level on the longitudinal test must be below
38、 25%. 3.5.2.1 Ultrasonic Inspection of Type 1 Straight Lengths Calibration of ultrasonic equipment shall be performed at the start of operations and at least once every 2 hours of continuous operation or when there is a change of equipment or loss of power. A calibration standard as in 3.5.2.1.1 sha
39、ll be used for each bar size. The diameter of the calibration standard used shall be within 5% of the diameter of the product being tested. The arrangement of transducers shall be such that no cross-talk is encountered. Bar supporting equipment shall provide in-line stability for the complete length
40、 of each bar. The equipment shall be such that transducers functioning in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction (this is a two-channel circumferential shear requirement) may be separately gated and recorded. The pulse rate of the equipment shall provide 100% coverage at maximum bar rotational r
41、ates. The helix feed angle shall be such that at least two rejectable signals are produced for each 0.250 inch (6.35 mm), or fraction thereof, of notch length on consecutive powered turns of the calibration standard bar. 3.5.2.1.1 Calibration Standard Notches shall be parallel to the bar axis with a
42、 maximum length of 0.500 inch (12.70 mm) and a maximum width of 0.010 inch (0.25 mm). Depth of notches shall be 0.004 inch (0.10 mm) maximum with signal amplitude and alarm gate set at 80% of full scale. 3.5.2.1.2 The placement of calibration notches in each standard shall be such that water-travel-
43、 distance, shear-angle, helix-angle, and equipment gain as established during calibration, remain identical during production applications. Calibration notches may be produced by electrodischarge machining. 3.5.3 Nondestructive Testing of Type 2 Coiled Product All product shall be nondestructively t
44、ested by electromagnetic (eddy current) inspection by a technique equivalent to that in ASTM E426. Sizes below 0.125 inch (3.18 mm) diameter may be tested at the closest practical intermediate size. Large diameter product, furnished in coil form, that cannot be eddy current tested shall be free of c
45、racks and ruptures detectable by liquid penetrant examination in accordance with ASTM E1417. 3.6 Tolerances Shall be in accordance with AMS2241. 3.7 Production, distribution, and procurement of metal stock shall comply with AS6279. This requirement becomes effective January 1, 2017. SAE INTERNATIONA
46、L AMS4957F Page 7 of 8 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection 7KHSURGXFHURIWKHSURGXFWVKDOOVXSSODOOVDPSOHVIRUSURGXFHUVWHVWVDQGVKDOOEH UHVSRQVLEOHIRUWKHSHUIRUPDQFHRIDOO required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed nece
47、ssary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Composition (3.1) microstructure (3.4.1.2), average grain size (3.4.1.3), tensile properties after aging (3.4.2.1), nondestructive testing of Type 1 straight lengths (3.5.2), and n
48、ondestructive testing of Type 2 coil (3.5.3) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Coiling (3.4.1.1) and fluorescent penetrant testing of large diameter product furnished in coil form (3.5.3) are periodic tests and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the producer unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser. 4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be in accordance with the fol
