1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this pub
3、lication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970
4、(outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J639_201112SURFACEVEHICLESTANDARDJ639 DEC2011 Issued 1953-04 Revised 2011-12 Superse
5、ding J639 FEB2011 Safety Standards for Motor Vehicle Refrigerant Vapor Compression Systems RATIONALEThis document covers refrigerant system design and safety related requirements for refrigerants used in mobile air conditioning (MAC) systems and is being revised to comprehend R-1234yf. The current w
6、ording of 4.1.1 prohibits refrigerants that are rated less than A2L which would exclude R-152a. Later in the document, J639 defines the fittings for R-152a. The intent of this revision is to insure safe mobile air conditioning systems by forcing proper risk assessments and appropriate design solutio
7、ns while correcting this conflict with regards to R152a. 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard applies to refrigerant vapor compression systems that provide cooling and/or heating for passenger cars, light trucks and commercial vehicles (on and off road) that use automotive type mobile air conditioning MAC sys
8、tems. Large trucks, buses and other vehicles that do not use typical automotive a/c systems or use refrigerants not listed in this document are not covered by this standard. This standard covers any vehicle with a MAC system using a belt or electric motor driven compressor. This document provides st
9、andards for design, assembly, test and service of MAC systems to minimize environmental, health and safety impacts. Also included are cautionary statements for the service industry to alert technicians to the inadvisability and possible health or safety effects associated with venting refrigerant du
10、ring service. It is not intended to restrict the use, or further development, of other types of refrigeration systems for mobile air conditioning applications. This document may be amended or additional safety standards created should other systems become practical. This document addresses only HFC-
11、134a (R-134a), carbon dioxide (R-744), and HFO-1234yf (R-1234yf) refrigerants. To prevent system contamination all refrigerants used in mobile air conditioning vapor compression systems require unique service fittings and service equipment. The unique service fittings are intended to eliminate the p
12、otential for system refrigerant cross-contamination during service activity.CFC-12 (R-12) is no longer in use in new MAC systems. The service fitting description is maintained as a reference for older vehicles still in use. When retrofitting an R-12 system to use R-134a or when removing R-12 (vehicl
13、e disposal) use service equipment designed for R-12 and certified to meet the requirements of SAE J1990 (R-12 recovery and recycle equipment).HFC-152a is an A2 flammable refrigerant as classified by ASHRAE 34 and should be used only with a secondary loop application. However, until MAC systems are d
14、eveloped to use R-152a (HFC-152a), no SAE Standards for system design, service equipment or service procedures have been established. The R-152a service fittings described within this Standard were established as part of the industries evaluation of replacement refrigerants and are maintained for fu
15、ture design guidance and to prevent potential refrigerant cross contamination.SAE J639 Revised DEC2011 Page 2 of 25 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE
16、publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.2.1.1.1 System Design Guidelines SAE J2683 Refrigerant Purity and Container Requi
17、rements for Carbon Dioxide (CO2R-744) Used in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2772 Measurement of Passenger Compartment Refrigerant Concentrations Under System Refrigerant Leakage Conditions SAE J2776 Refrigerant Purity and Container Requirements for New HFC-134a 1,1,1, 2-Tetrafluoroethane Refr
18、igerant Used in Mobile Air-Conditioning SystemsSAE J2844 R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf) New Refrigerant Purity and Container Requirements For Use in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems 2.1.1.2 System Components SAE J2842 R-1234yf and R744 Design Criteria and Certification for OEM Mobile Air Conditioning Evaporat
19、or and Service Replacements 2.1.1.3 Service Activities SAE J2197 HFC-134a (R-134a) Service Hose Fittings for Automotive Air-Conditioning Service EquipmentSAE J2297 Ultraviolet Leak Detection: Stability and Compatibility Criteria of Fluorescent Refrigerant Leak Detection Dyes for Mobile R-134a and R-
20、1234yf (HFO-1234yf) Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2670 Stability and Compatibility Criteria for Additives and Flushing Materials Intended for Aftermarket Use in R-134a (HFC-134a) and R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf) Vehicle Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2888 HFO-1234yf Service Hose, Fittings and Couplers for M
21、obile Refrigerant Systems Service Equipment 2.1.1.4 Technician Service Procedures SAE J2845 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf and R-744 Technician Training for Service and Containment of Refrigerants Used in Mobile A/C Systems SAE J639 Revised DEC2011 Page 3 of 25 2.1.1.5 Service Equipment SAE J1990 Recovery and
22、Recycle Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air-Conditioning SystemsSAE J2099 Standard of Purity for Recycled R-134a (HFC-134a) and R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf) for Use in Mobile Air-conditioning Systems SAE J2209 CFC-12 (R-12) Refrigerant Recovery Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air-Conditioning SystemsSAE J2
23、296 Retest of Refrigerant Container SAE J2788 HFC-134a (R-134a) Recovery/Recycle/Recharging Equipment for Mobile Air-Conditioning SystemsSAE J2791 HFC-134a Refrigerant Electronic Leak Detectors, Minimum Performance CriteriaSAE J2810 HFC-134a (R-134a) Refrigerant Recovery Equipment for Mobile Automot
24、ive Air-Conditioning Systems (Superseding J1732 NOV1998)SAE J2843 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf Recovery/Recycling/Recharging Equipment for Flammable Refrigerants for Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2851 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf Refrigerant Recovery Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air-Conditioning Systems SAE
25、 J2912 Performance Requirements for R-134a and R-1234yf Refrigerant Diagnostic Identifiers for Use with Mobile Air Conditioning Systems SAE J2913 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf Refrigerant Electronic Leak Detectors, Minimum Performance CriteriaSAE J2927 R-1234yf Refrigerant Identifier Installed In Recovery and
26、 Recycling Equipment for Use With Mobile A/C Systems 2.1.1.6 Retrofit Documents SAE J1660 Fittings and Labels for Retrofit of CFC-12 (R-12) Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems to HFC-134a (R-134a) SAE J1661 Procedure Retrofitting CFC-12 (R-12) Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems to HFC-134a (R-134a) 2.1.1.7
27、 Reference Documents SAE J51 Refrigerant 12 Automotive Air-Conditioning Hose SAE J1627 Performance Criteria for Electronic Refrigerant Leak Detectors SAE J1628 Technician Procedures for Refrigerant Leak Detection in Service of Mobile Air Conditioning SystemsSAE J1657 Selection Criteria for Retrofit
28、Refrigerants to Replace CFC-12 (R-12) in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J1658 Alternate Refrigerant Consistency Criteria for Use in Mobile Air-Conditioning SystemsSAE J1659 Vehicle Testing Requirements for Replacement Refrigerants for CFC-12 (R-12) Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J1662 Comp
29、atibility of Retrofit Refrigerants with Air-Conditioning System MaterialsSAE J1732 HFC-134a (R-134a) Refrigerant Recovery Equipment for Mobile Automotive Air-Conditioning SystemsSAE J639 Revised DEC2011 Page 4 of 25 SAE J1739 Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Design (Design FMEA), Poten
30、tial Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Manufacturing and Assembly Processes (Process FMEA) SAE J1770 Automotive Refrigerant Recovery/Recycling Equipment Intended for Use with both R12 and R134aSAE J1771 Criteria for Refrigerant Identification Equipment for Use with Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems
31、SAE J1989 Recommended Service Procedure for the Containment of CFC-12 (R-12) SAE J1991 Standard of Purity for Use in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2064 R134a Refrigerant Automotive Air-Conditioned Hose SAE J2065 Desiccant Testing for Vehicle Air Conditioning Systems SAE J2196 Service Hose for
32、 Automotive Air Conditioning SAE J2211 Recommended Service Procedure for the Containment of HFC-134a (R-134a) SAE J2298 Ultraviolet Leak Detection: Procedure for Use of Refrigerant Leak Detection Dyes for Service of Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2299 Ultraviolet Leak Detection: Performance Re
33、quirements for Fluorescent Refrigerant Leak Detection Dye Injection Equipment for Aftermarket Service of Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2727 HFC-134a Mobile Air Conditioning System Refrigerant Emission Chart SAE J2763 Test Procedure for Determining Refrigerant Emissions from Mobile Air Conditi
34、oning Systems SAE J2765 Procedure for Measuring System COP Coefficient of Performance of a Mobile Air Conditioning System on a Test BenchSAE J2766 Life Cycle Analysis to Estimate the CO2-Equivalent Emissions from MAC OperationSAE J2911 Procedure for Certification that Requirements for Mobile Air Con
35、ditioning System Components, Service Equipment, and Service Technician Training Meet SAE J Standards 2.1.2 ASHRAE Publication Current published documents available from ASHRAE, 17191 Tullie Circle NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305.ASHRAE 34 Designation and Safety Classification of Refrigerants (ISO 817 dra
36、ft) 2.1.3 Other Industry Standards 2.1.3.1 Applicable International Organization for Standardization ISO Documents ISO 817 Refrigerants-Designation and Safety Classification ISO/CD 13043 Road vehicles-Refrigerant systems used in Mobile Air Conditioning systems (MAC)-Safety requirements SAE J639 Revi
37、sed DEC2011 Page 5 of 25 2.1.3.2 Applicable American Heating and Refrigeration Institute AHRI documents Available from Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute, 4100 North Fairfax Drive, Suite 200, Arlington, VA 22203, Tel: 703-524-8800, www.ahri.org. AHRI Standard 700-2006 with Addendu
38、m 1: Specification for Fluorocarbon Refrigerants 2.1.3.3 Compressed Gas Association Publications Available from Compressed Gas Association, 4221 Walney Road, 5th Floor, Chantilly VA 20151-2923, Tel: 703-788-2700,.2.1.3.4 ANSI Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West
39、 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ANSI /UL 969-1991 Standard for Marking and Labeling Systems 2.1.4 Regulatory Requirements 2.1.4.1 All refrigerants used in the USA shall comply with requirements for proper use as defined by the Environmental Protection Agencys E
40、PA Significant New Alternatives Program (S.N.A.P.) Regulation.2.1.4.2 Certain state regulations in the USA also reference SAE J639. 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 System Definitions 3.1.1 A mobile air conditioning system (MAC) provides occupant comfort and inclement weather window clearing, by heating or coolin
41、g and dehumidifying the air that is delivered to the passenger compartment through various air distribution outlets in the interior of the vehicle.3.1.2 The heating phase may include the use of waste engine heat, electric heating elements or a refrigerant heat pump cycle. The cooling phase is provid
42、ed by a mechanical vapor compression refrigerant cycle referred to as a refrigerant system. Air filtering devices (if equipped) protect the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) unit and occupants of the vehicle from certain particulate contaminants that can be in the airflow.3.1.3 The he
43、ating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system is a module or an assembly of related modules that includes the blower motor assembly, the evaporator and heater cores, air dampers, actuators and relevant housings. It also includes an air distribution system and controls. The HVAC unit is usual
44、ly located between the vehicle firewall (front of dash) and the instrument panel and may be integrated into a cockpit assembly that includes the instrument panel. 3.1.4 The air distribution system includes ducts, air inlet openings for outside or recirculation air and the outlet/grille openings to t
45、he passenger compartment. 3.1.5 A mechanical vapor compression refrigerant system is used to condition the air for a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle. The air conditioning refrigerant system is designed only to cool and dehumidify the air. A Heat Pump refrigerant system provides a cooling/de
46、humidifying and heating mode. SAE J639 Revised DEC2011 Page 6 of 25 3.1.6 The refrigerant circuit is defined as follows: 3.1.6.1 The refrigerant system is connected by lines forming a closed loop refrigerant cycle, between system components, where the refrigerant circulates at different temperatures
47、 and pressures The refrigerant lines make connections between the system components including the compressor, condenser(s)/gas cooler, refrigerant control device(s), evaporator(s), refrigerant storage devices (accumulator or receiver/drier) and (if used) Internal heat exchanger/IHX. 3.1.6.2 The high
48、-pressure side of the refrigerant system is defined as the portion of the circuit from the compressor discharge port to the inlet of the refrigerant flow control device before the evaporator(s). Heat pump systems, depending upon the operating mode (cooling or heating) will have different high or low
49、 side operating pressures, 3.1.6.3 The low-pressure side of the refrigerant system is defined as all parts of the refrigerant system not included in the definition of 3.1.6.2. 3.1.6.4 The refrigerant used as a heat transfer medium by absorbing heat at low temperatures and low pressures and rejects heat at higher temperatures and higher pressures.3.1.7 A MAC refrigerant system provides cooling for the passenger c
