1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2009 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA)
4、 Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J2832 AUG2009 Issued 2009-08 Welded Flash Controlled, High Strength (690 MPa Tensile Strength) Low Alloy Steel Hydraulic Tubing, Stress Relieved Annealed for Bending and Double Flaring RATION
5、ALE The working pressures of the modern day mobile equipment hydraulic systems have risen dramatically as compared to the hydraulic pressures in the past. This new hydraulic tubing material has been developed to fill the needs of the hydraulic industry by providing a tube material matched with moder
6、n day high pressure hydraulic hose and connectors to help resolve the hydraulic system space constraints and routing issues faced by todays system designers in the hydraulic mobile equipment industry. Aircraft and Aerospace applications were not considered during the preparation of this document. 1.
7、 SCOPE This SAE Standard covers stress relieved electric resistance welded flash controlled single wall high strength low alloy steel tubing intended for use in high pressure hydraulic lines and in other applications requiring tubing of a quality suitable for bending, double flaring and cold forming
8、. Material produced to this specification is not intended to be used for single flare applications due to the potential leak path that would be caused by the ID weld bead. The grade of material produced to this specification is of micro-alloy content and is considerably stronger and intended to serv
9、ice higher pressure applications using thinner walls than like sizes of the grades of material specified in SAE J356, SAE J2435 and SAE J2613. Due to the alloy content of the material, the forming characteristics of the finished tube are equal to or better, when compared to SAE J356, SAE J2435 and S
10、AE J2613. Nominal reference working pressures for this tubing are listed in ISO 10763 and SAE J1065. CAUTION: When brazing or welding is used as a tube end joining method, the structural integrity of the tube material can potentially be compromised due to the degradation of the areas affected by the
11、 thermal effect applied to the tubing; therefore, the ISO 10763 and SAE J1065 nominal reference working pressures may not be applicable. Brazed and/or welded tube assembly configurations made to specific geometry and components bill of material in association with this material, may require qualific
12、ation testing in accordance with ISO 19879 Test Methods for Hydraulic Fluid Power Connections. Cold forming the tube end configurations avoids this systemic testing by not compromising the tube material structural integrity. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Publications The following publications form a
13、 part of this specification to extent specified herein. Unless other specified, the latest issue of the SAE publications shall apply. SAE J2832 Issued AUG2009 Page 2 of 7 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (in
14、side USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J356 Welded Flash-Controlled Low-Carbon Steel Tubing Normalized for Bending, Double Flaring, and Beading SAE J409 Product AnalysisPermissible Variations from Specified Chemical Analysis of a Heat or Cast of Steel SAE J533 Flares fo
15、r Tubing SAE J1065 Nominal Reference Working Pressures for Steel Hydraulic Tubing SAE J1677 Tests and Procedures for Steel and Copper Nickel Tubing SAE J2435 Welded Flash Controlled, SAE 1021 Carbon Steel Tubing, Normalized for Bending, Double Flaring, and Beading SAE J2613 Welded Flash Controlled,
16、High Strength Low Alloy Steel Hydraulic Tubing, Sub-Critically Annealed for Bending, Double Flaring, and Bending 2.1.2 ISO Publications Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO 10763 Plain-end, seamless and welded steel tubesDimensions a
17、nd nominal working pressures ISO 19879 Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general useTest methods for hydraulic fluid power connections 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for informational purposes only and are not a required part of this document. 2.2.1 SAE
18、Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J514 Hydraulic Tube Fittings SAE J518 Hydraulic Flanged Tube, Pipe, and Hose Connections; Four-Bolt Split Flange
19、 Type SAE J1392 Steel, High Strength, Hot Rolled Sheet and Strip, Cold Rolled Sheet, and Coated Sheet SAE J1453 FittingO-Ring Face Seal SAE J2551 Recommended Practices for Fluid Conductor Metallic Tubing Applications SAE J2832 Issued AUG2009 Page 3 of 7 2.2.2 ISO Publications Available from ANSI, 25
20、 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. ISO 3304 Plain end seamless precision steel tubesTechnical conditions for delivery ISO 3305 Plain end welded precision steel tubesTechnical conditions for delivery ISO 4200 Plain end steel tubes, welded and seamlessGeneral
21、tables of dimensions and masses per unit length ISO 4397 Connectors and associated componentsNominal outside diameters of tubes and nominal inside diameters of hoses ISO 4399 Connectors and associated componentsNominal pressures ISO 5598 Fluid power systems and componentsVocabulary ISO 6162 Four-scr
22、ew split-flange connections ISO 6605 Tests and test procedures ISO 8434 Metallic tube connections for fluid power and general use ISO 10583 Test methods for tube connections 2.2.3 EN Publications Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org. EN 1
23、0305-2 Steel tubes for precision applicationsTechnical delivery conditionsPart 2: Welded cold drawn tubes EN 10305-4 Steel tubes for precision applicationsTechnical delivery conditionsPart 4: Seamless cold drawn tubes for hydraulic and pneumatic power systems 2.2.4 ASTM Publications Available from A
24、STM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM A 513 Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Carbon and Alloy Steel Tubing 3. MANUFACTURE The tubing shall be made from a single strip of steel shaped into
25、a tubular shape, the edges of which are joined and fused by electric resistance welding. After forming and welding, the outside flash shall be removed to provide a smooth surface. The inside flash shall be of uniform contour, free from saw-tooth peaks and controlled in height by seam-welding techniq
26、ues or by cutting, not by hammering or rolling. The inside flash height shall conform to the following as in Table 1. The tubing shall be stress relieved annealed via a controlled method to produce a finished product, which will meet all requirements of this document. SAE J2832 Issued AUG2009 Page 4
27、 of 7 TABLE 1 - INSIDE FLASH HEIGHT Nominal Wall Thickness mm Maximum Flash Height(1)(2)Through 25.4 mm OD mm Maximum Flash Height Over 25.4 mm OD mm Less than 0.90 0.13 0.25 0.90 through 1.65 0.20 0.25 Greater than 1.65 0.25 0.25 1. For tubes having an ID greater than 8 mm, the height of the inside
28、 weld flash shall be measure with a ball micrometer having a 3.96 mm 0.41 mm radius from the anvil or ballpoint. For tubes having an ID 8 mm or less, screw thread micrometers shall be used. The height of the flash shall be the difference between the thickness of the tube wall at the point of maximum
29、 height of the flash and the average of the wall thickness measured at points adjacent to both sides of the flash. 2. Tubing with an ID that is smaller than the producers capability to scarf the ID weld bead, shall be produced as “flash in“ tubing. Seam welding techniques may be applied to control t
30、he ID flash height. The maximum ID flash height, however, will be determined by agreement between the producer and the purchaser.4. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES The tolerances applicable to tubing outside diameter are shown in Table 2. The tolerances applicable to tubing wall thickness are shown in Tab
31、le 3. For specific common ODs and wall sizes, see ISO 10763 for metric tubing and SAE J1065 for inch tubing. Particular attention shall be given to areas adjacent to the weld to insure against thin spots and/or sharp indentations. TABLE 2 - TUBING OUTSIDE DIAMETER TOLERANCE Nominal Tubing OD(1)mm Tu
32、be OD and ID Tolerance mm Up to 10 0.06 Over 10 to 16 0.08 Over 16 to 30 0.09 Over 30 to 50 0.13 Over 50 to 60 0.15 Over 60 to 80 0.20 Over 80 to 90 0.23 Over 90 to 110 0.25 1. OD measurements shall be taken at least 50 mm from the end of tubing.TABLE 3 - TUBING WALL THICKNESS TOLERANCES Wall Thickn
33、essRange mm Nominal Tubing Outside Diameter Through 22 mm mm(1)Nominal Tubing Outside Diameter Over 22 mm Through 48 mm mm(1)Nominal Tubing Outside Diameter Over 48 mm Through 110 mm(1)Up to 0.8 +0.05 -0.08 +0.05 -0.08 +0.05 -0.08 Over 0.8 to 1.0 +0.05 -0.10 +0.05 -0.10 +0.05 -0.10 Over 1.0 to 1.4 +
34、0.10 -0.13 +0.08 -0.13 +0.10 -0.20 Over 1.4 to 1.9 0.15 +0.10 -0.20 +0.10 -0.20 Over 1.9 to 3.7 +0.15 -0.25 +0.15 -0.25 +0.15 -0.25 Over 3.7 to 4.9 - +0.18 -0.28 +0.18 -0.28 Over 4.9 to 5.9 - +0.20 -0.30 +0.20 -0.30 Over 5.9 to 6.5 - +0.36 -0.46 +0.36 -0.46 Over 6.5 - +0.36 -0.51 +0.36 -0.51 1. Plus
35、 tolerances include allowance for crown on flat-rolled steel.SAE J2832 Issued AUG2009 Page 5 of 7 5. MANUFACTURING STANDARDS 5.1 Straightness Tubing shall be straightened to a tolerance of 0.8 mm in 1000 mm. Straightness tolerances shall be measured by placing a 1000 mm straight edge against the tub
36、e while lying on its neutral axis. The point of maximum deflection of the tube from the straight edge should not be more than allowed by the specification when measured with a feeler gauge. 5.2 Tubing End Condition The tubing will be produced using normal mill cut off practices. This shall include,
37、but not limited to, punch-cut ends, double-cut ends and rotary-cut ends. Care shall be taken to minimize the distortion of the tube ends. Distortion of the tube must not affect the normal re-cutting processes that will be performed by the end user. Ends that require further processing will be addres
38、sed by agreement between the producer and the tube purchaser. 5.3 Finish The outside surface finish of the tube is critical to prevent possible leak paths on double flare connections, mechanical formed connections or applications where the outside surface of the tube becomes the sealing surface of t
39、he finished connection. The outside surface finish of the tube shall be free of excessive roll marks, score marks, chatter marks or other surface imperfections that may be considered detrimental to the function of the finished tube. 5.4 Thermal Treatment The tubing is to be stress relieved annealed
40、via a controlled method to produce a finished product, which will meet all requirements of this document. Special attention to the mechanical properties, especially the Rockwell B92 Hardness Target, should be made to produce tubing suitable for bending and forming for hydraulic pressure applications
41、. However, to obtain acceptable hardness characteristics, the yield strength and the tensile strength shall not be compromised and 15% minimum elongation shall be maintained. 6. MATERIAL The tubing shall be made from alloy steel strip conforming to the chemical composition in Table 4. The steel shal
42、l be made by the open-hearth basic oxygen or electric furnace process. A ladle analysis of each heat shall be made to determine the percentages of the elements specified. The chemical composition thus determined shall be reported to the purchaser or purchasers representative, if requested, and shall
43、 be conform to the requirements specified. If a check analysis is required, the tolerances shall be as specified in SAE J409, Table 3. TABLE 4 - CHEMICAL REQUIREMENTS Element Cast or Heat Analysis, Weight % Carbon 0.26 Max Manganese 1.60 Max Sulfur 0.035 Max Phosphorus 0.035 Max Silicon 0.35 Max Alu
44、minum 0.020 Min Micro Alloying Elements 0.15 Max(1)1. Additions of Nb, Cb, Ti and V are permitted at the discretion of the manufacturer. The contents of these additions are to be reported. All other elements should not be intentionally added without agreement of the purchaser except for elements add
45、ed to aid with or finish the casting. SAE J2832 Issued AUG2009 Page 6 of 7 7. MECHANICAL PROPERTIES The finished tubing shall have mechanical properties as shown in Table 5. TABLE 5 - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES Properties Values Yield Strength, Minimum 620 MPa Tensile Strength, Minimum 690 MPa Elongation
46、 in 50 mm, Minimum 15% Minimum Hardness, Target Rockwell B92(1)Hardness, Maximum Rockwell B100(1)1. The hardness test shall not be required on tubing with a nominal wall thickness of less than 1.65 mm. Such tubing shall meet all other mechanical properties and performance requirements. 8. PERFORMANC
47、E REQUIREMENTS The finished tubing shall satisfactorily meet the following performance tests. All tests are to be conducted in accordance with the procedures in SAE J1677. 8.1 Flattening Test 8.2 Flaring Test 8.3 Reverse Flattening Test 8.4 Expansion Test 8.5 Hardness Test 8.6 Tensile Test 8.7 Elong
48、ation Test 8.8 Pressure Proof Test To be performed when agreed upon between the purchaser and the producer. 8.9 Nondestructive Electronic Test This test is to be conducted after all cold-working tube manufacturing operations are performed on the tubing. 9. TEST CERTIFICATES A certificate of complian
49、ce to the performance requirements shall be furnished to the purchaser by the producer if requested in the purchase agreement. The tube producer shall be able to certify that each heat lot of the material used to produce the tubing complies with the performance requirements. 10. CLEANLINESS The inside and outside surfaces of the finished tubing shall be commercially bright, clean and free from grease, oxide
