1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21960-4 SANS 532:2009Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Standard and specifications for industrial, medical, propellant, food and be
4、verage gases, refrigerants and breathing gases Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Foreword This South African stan
5、dard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1050, Gases, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in June 2009. Reference is made in clause 3 and in 7.1 to the “national body and the national ac
6、credited approving authority“. In South Africa this means a) the Chief Inspector of Factories, as specified in the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993 (Act No. 85 of 1993), b) the Government Mining Engineer, as specified in the Mine Health and Safety Act, 1996 (Act No. 29 of 1996), and c) the a
7、ppropriate local authority. Annex A forms an integral part of this document. SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 1 Contents Page Foreword 1 Scope. 3 2 Normative references . 3 3 Definitions and abbreviations . 5 3.1 Definitions 5 3.2 Abbreviations . 5 4 Methods of test. 6 5 Gas specifications 6 5.1 General 6 5.
8、2 Industrial gases 6 5.3 Medical gases 9 5.4 Propellant gases 11 5.4.1 Flammable propellant gases . 11 5.4.2 Non-flammable propellant gases. 12 5.5 Food and beverage gases . 13 5.6 Refrigerants . 15 5.6.1 Ammonia. 15 5.6.2 Single component refrigerants. 16 5.6.3 Zeotropic blends (400 and 500 series
9、refrigerants) . 17 5.7 Breathing gases. 18 6 Storage. 18 7 Packaging and labelling . 19 8 Marking 19 Annex A (normative) Notes to purchasers . 20 Bibliography 20 SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 3 Standard and specifications for industrial, medi
10、cal, propellant, food and beverage gases, refrigerants and breathing gases 1 Scope 1.1 This standard covers: a) industrial gases; b) medical gases; c) propellant gases; d) food and beverage gases; e) refrigerants; and f) breathing gases. 1.2 This standard does not cover: a) diving gases; b) industri
11、al liquid petroleum gases (see SANS 1774); c) high purity gases; and d) mixed gases. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For updated references, the latest edition of t
12、he referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division. ARI 700:2006, Specifications for fluorocarbon refrigerants. ARI 700:1999, Analytical procedures for ARI standard 700-99 App
13、endix C to ARI 700-99. ASTM D 1267, Standard test method for gauge vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum (LP) gases (LP-Gas Method). ASTM D 1838, Standard test method for copper strip corrosion by liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 4 ASTM D 2158:2005, Standard test method for re
14、sidues in liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. ASTM D 2163, Standard test method for determination of hydrocarbons in liquefied petroleum (LP) gases and propane / propene mixtures by gas chromatography. ASTM D 2598, Standard practice for calculation of certain physical properties of liquefied petroleum (
15、LP) gases from compositional analysis. ASTM D 2784, Standard test method for sulfur in liquefied petroleum gases (Oxy-hydrogen burner or lamp). ASTM D 3246, Standard test method for sulfur in petroleum gas by oxidative microcoulometry. ASTM D 5453b, Standard test method for determination of total su
16、lfur in light hydrocarbons, spark ignition engine fuel, diesel engine fuel, and engine oil by ultraviolet fluorescence. European Pharmacopoeia (EP). IP 243, Petroleum products and hydrocarbons Determination of sulfur content Wickbold combustion method. IP 264, Determination of composition of LPG and
17、 propylene concentrates Gas chromatography method. IP 317:2005, Residues in liquefied petroleum gases Low temperature evaporation method. SANS 1518, Transport of dangerous goods Design, construction, testing, approval and maintenance of road vehicles and portable tanks. SANS 10087-1, The handling, s
18、torage, distribution and maintenance of liquefied petroleum gas in domestic, commercial, and industrial installations Part 1: Liquefied petroleum gas installations involving gas storage containers of individual water capacity not exceeding 500 L and a combined water capacity not exceeding 3 000 L pe
19、r installation. SANS 10087-3, The handling, storage, distribution and maintenance of liquefied petroleum gas in domestic, commercial, and industrial installations Part 3: Liquefied petroleum gas installations involving storage vessels of individual water capacity exceeding 500 L. SANS 10229-1, Trans
20、port of dangerous goods Packaging and large packaging for road and rail transport Part 1: Packaging. SANS 10232-1. Transport of dangerous goods Emergency information systems Part 1: Emergency information system for road transport. SANS 10234, Globally Harmonized System of classification and labellin
21、g of chemicals (GHS). SANS 10263-2, The warehousing of dangerous goods Part 2: The storage and handling of gas cylinders. SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 5 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of this document, the following definitions and abbreviations apply: 3.1.1 approved app
22、roved by the appropriate national body or accredited approving authority (see foreword), or otherwise recognized, for the control or regulation of gases 3.1.2 component residual ingredient in the main product 3.1.3 food additive any substance not normally consumed as a food in itself and not normall
23、y used as a characteristic ingredient of food whether or not it has nutritive value, the intentional addition of which to food for a technological purpose in the manufacture, processing, preparation, treatment, packaging, transport or storage of such food results, or may reasonably be expected to re
24、sult, in it or its by-products becoming directly or indirectly a component of such foods Directive 89/107/EEC, article 1(2) 3.1.4 food gas gas intended to be used as a food additive, processing aid or ingredient 3.1.5 ingredient any substance including additives, used in the manufacture or preparati
25、on of a foodstuff still present in the finished product, even in altered form 3.1.6 packaging for the containment, protection, handling, delivering and presentation of goods from the producer to the user or consumer 3.1.7 propellant any gas other than air that expels a product from a container 3.2 A
26、bbreviations ARI Air-conditioning and refrigeration institute ASTM American society for testing and materials CGA Compressed gases association of USA EP European Pharmacopoeia FAO Food and agricultural organization GC Gas chromatography SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 6 GC - FI Gas chromatograph flame ioniz
27、ation detector GC - FPD Gas chromatograph flame photometric detector GC - MS Gas chromatograph mass spectrometry GC - PFPD Gas chromatograph pulsed flame photometry detector GC - TCD Gas chromatograph thermal conductivity detector IP Institute of petroleum (Energy institute) JECFA Joint FAO/WHO expe
28、rt committee on food additives LPG Liquid petroleum gas UV Ultra violet WHO World health organization 4 Methods of test With the exception of the specifications for which specific test methods are given, use the appropriate methods given in the tables in clause 5 to determine the properties indicate
29、d in the tables. Alternative methods may be used if validated and approved by a registered laboratory. 5 Gas specifications 5.1 General In specifications generally used in the gas industry the concentration of gases is expressed in parts per million by volume (ppm v/v). In this document all concentr
30、ations (% and ppm) are by volume unless otherwise specified. 5.2 Industrial gases Specifications for industrial gases are given in table 1. SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 7 Table 1 Specifications for industrial gases 1 2 3 4 Composition Impurities Limit Analytical method ACETYLENE Acetylene 98,0 % Gas chro
31、matography / Wet chemistry Phospine 99,9 % volume Gas chromatography Appearance Clear and colourless Not specified Identification Comply with MS library Mass spectroscopy Moisture 10 ppm m/m Not specified Non-volatile matter 50 ppm m/m Not specified Acidity (as HCl) 0,1 ppm m/m Not specified Non con
32、densable gases 1,5 % volume Not specified Volatile related substances Gas chromatography mass spectrometry CFC-114a 99,9 % Calculation (JECFA Specifications) Moisture 99,7 % Calculation Oil 10 ppm Filtration Moisture 100 ppm Gravimetric Inerts/dissolved gases 2890 ppm Chemical absorption NOTE 1 Calc
33、ulation method: Calculated by subtraction of specified impurities from 100 %. NOTE 2 Limits for ammonia are ppm by mass. SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 16 5.6.2 Single component refrigerants Characteristics of single component refrigerants and their maximum allowable levels of contami-nants are given in ta
34、ble 7. Table 7 Characteristics of single component refrigerants and their maximum allowable levels of contaminants 1 2 3 4 5 CHARACTERISTICS Reporting units Reference (subclause) R-22 R-134a Boiling point aC at 101,3 kPa 40,8 26,1 Boiling point range aK 0,3 0,3 Critical temperature aC 96,2 101,1 Iso
35、mer content percentage by weight N/A 0-0,5 R-134 VAPOUR PHASE CONTAMINANTS: Air and other non-condensables percentage by volume at 23,9 C 5.10 1,5 1,5 LIQUID PHASE CONTAMINANTS: Moisture ppm by weight 5.4 10 10 All other volatile impurities percentage by weight 5.11 0,5 0,5 High boiling residue perc
36、entage by volume 5.8 0,01 0,01 Particulates/solids visually clean to pass 5.9 pass pass Acidity ppm by weight (as HCl) 5.7 1,0 1,0 Chloride bNo visible turbidity 5.6 pass pass aBubble points, dew points and critical temperatures, although not required, are provided for information purposes. bRecogni
37、sed chloride level for pass/fail is approximately 3 ppm. NOTE 1 Subclause numbers shown under column 3 are taken from ARI 700:2006. NOTE 2 For all analytical procedures refer to appendix C of ARI 700:2006. 5.6.3 Zeotropic blends (400 and 500 series refrigerants) Characteristics of Zeotropic blends (
38、400 and 500 series refrigerants) and their maximum allowable levels of contaminants are given in table 8. Table 8 Characteristics of Zeotropic blends (400 and 500 series refrigerants) and their maximum allowable levels of contaminants 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Max. allowable contaminants for refrigerants CH
39、ARACTERISTICS Reporting Units Reference (subclause) R-404A R-407C R-408A R-409A R-410A R-507A Refrigerant components R-125/ 143a / 134a R-32/125/ 134a R-125/ 143a/22 R-22/124/ 142b R-32/125 R-125/ 143a Nominal component, weight % 44/52/4 23/25/52 7/46/47 60/25/15 50/50 50/50 Allowable component, wei
40、ght % 42-46/51- 53/2-6 21-25/23- 27/50-54 5-9/45-47/ 45-49 58-62/23- 27/14-16 48.5-50.5/ 49.5-51.5 49.5-51.5/ 48.5-50.5 Bubble point aC at 101,3 kPa 46,2 43,6 44,6 34,7 51,4 46,7 Dew point aC at 101,3 kPa 45,5 36,6 44,1 26,4 51,4 46,7 Critical temperature aC 72,1 86,0 83,1 106,9 71,4 70,6 VAPOUR PHA
41、SE CONTAMINANTS: Air and other non- condensables percentage by volume at 23,9 C 5.10 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 1,5 LIQUID PHASE CONTAMINANTS: Moisture ppm by weight 5.4 10 10 10 10 10 10 All other volatile impurities percentage by weight 5.11 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5 High boiling residue percentage by volu
42、me 5.8 0,01 0,01 0,01 0,01 0,01 0,01 Particulates/solids visually clean to pass 5.9 pass pass pass pass pass pass Acidity ppm by weight (as HCl) 5.7 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 1,0 Chloride bNo visible turbidity 5.6 pass pass pass pass pass pass aBubble points, dew points and critical temperatures, although
43、 not required, are provided for information purposes. bRecognised chloride level for pass/fail is approximately 3 ppm. NOTE Subclause numbers shown under column 3 are taken from ARI 700:2006. SANS 532:2009Edition 1 17 SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 18 5.7 Breathing gases Specifications for breathing gases
44、are given in table 9. Table 9 Specifications for breathing gases 1 2 3 4 Composition Impurities Limit Analytical method BREATHING AIR Oxygen 19,0 % to 23,0 % Paramagnetic analyser Nitrogen Balance Calculation Carbon dioxide 500 ppm Infrared analyser / Detector tubes Moisture 100 ppm Hygrometer / Dew
45、 point meter HIGH-FLYING OXYGEN (AVIATORS BREATHING OXYGEN) (CGA specification) Oxygen 99,6 % Paramagnetic analyser / Absorption / Thermal conductivity analyser Odour None JECFA Moisture 8 ppm Electrolytic hydrometer / Dew point meter / Piezoelectric sorption hygrometer / Aluminium oxide capacitor a
46、nalyser Total hydrocarbon (as methane) 50 ppm GC - FID 6 Storage Storage facilities shall comply with the requirements of the following standards: a) Storage of gas cylinders, see SANS 10263-2. b) Storage of liquid petroleum gas, see SANS 10087-1 and SANS 10087-3. SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 19 7 Packag
47、ing and labelling 7.1 Packaging The condition of cylinders and road tank vehicles shall be such as not to be detrimental to the purity of the gases during normal transportation and storage and shall have been approved by an accredited approving authority (see foreword). Where applicable, transport b
48、y road shall comply with the requirements of the following standards: a) in the case of cylinders, see SANS 10229-1; b) in the case of road tank vehicles, see SANS 1518; and c) the information on each road vehicle, shall be in accordance with SANS 10232-1. 7.2 Labelling With reference to the classif
49、ication and labelling of dangerous substances and preparation for sale and handling, see SANS 10234. 8 Marking The marking of cylinders shall be in accordance with SANS 10229-1. SANS 532:2009 Edition 1 20 Annex A (normative) Notes to purchasers The following shall be specified in tender invitations and in each order or contract: a) the specific type of gas required; b) in the case of hydrocarbon propellant mixtures, the pressure required at a reference temperature; and c) in the case of hydrocarbon aer
