1、1Unit 4 Body language Section 2 Learning about Language .单项语法填空1.He sat on a chair under the shade of the tree，_reading_(read) a novel.解析：句意：他坐在树荫下的椅子上看小说。句子的主语 he与 read之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。2.The boys and girls are walking along the street，each _wearing_ (wear) a small yellow cap.解析：each wearing相当于分词
2、作伴随状语，意思等同于 and they each wear a small yellow cap。3.When I reached home，my husband was lying on the floor，_entertaining_(entertain) the kids with toys.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我回到家时，丈夫正躺在地板上，用玩具逗孩子玩呢。现在分词作状语表伴随。my husband 与 entertain是主动关系。4.C is the largest English site in China，_providing_(provide) news，busi
3、ness information and learning materials.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“中国日报网”是中国最大的英语网站，提供新闻、商业信息和学习材料。5.China became the 143rd member of the WTO on December 11,2001，thus _realizing_(realize) its 15year wish to join the global trade body.解析：句意：中国于 2001年 l 2月 11日成为世贸组织的第 143个成员国，实现了其15年以来加入全球性贸易组织的梦想。realizing 在此为动词
4、ing 形式作结果状语。6.Do you know who is the patient_being operated_(operate) on now？解析：考查非谓语动词。the patient 与 operate之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。另外，从now一词可知动作正在进行，故用现在分词的被动结构，表“正在被” 。7._ Having completed_(complete)the project on time，the staff are having a party to have a celebration.解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：已经按时完成工程，全体员工正在举行宴会庆祝。完成工
5、程发生在庆祝会之前，完成与主语为主动关系，故用现在分词的完成式。8._ Having failed_(fail)to reach them on the phone，we sent anemail instead.解析：考查非谓语动词的用法。 “_ to reach them on the phone”在句中作状语，逻辑主语 we与 fail之间为主动关系，先是没用电话联系上，我们才发的邮件，fail 发生在2send之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。句意为“由于没用电话联系上他们，我们给他们发了电子邮件” 。9._ Coming_(come)from a mountain village，he
6、couldnt afford a house in Shanghai.解析：“_ from a mountain village”在题目中作原因状语，come 与逻辑主语 he之间是主动关系。故用现在分词作状语。句意为“因为来自于一个小山村，他在上海买不起房子” 。10.(2014福建，27 改编)_ Having spent_(spend)the past yearas an exchange student in Hong Kong，Linda appears moremature than those of her age.解析：考查非谓语动词作状语。分词的完成形式，表示发生在主句谓语动
7、词之前的动作。句意为：去年作为一名交换生在香港大学学习了一年之后，琳达看起来要比那些同龄的孩子更加成熟。.将下列各句中的ing 形式转换成相应的从句形式(定语从句、状语从句或并列句)1.All those standing at the back，please come and sit here._All those who are standing at the back， please come and sit here._2.The poor of the city，having lived such a hard life，fought against the rich in the
8、end._The poor of the city， who had lived such a hard life， fought against the rich in the end._3.Who was the man shaking hands with our English teacher just now？_ Who was the man that shook hands with our English teacher just now？_4.Tom left home quite early，hoping that he could catch the first bus.
9、_Tom left home quite early and hoped that he could catch the first bus._5. After lunch，she sat in the sun，with the dog sleepingbeside her._After lunch， she sat in the sun and the dog slept beside her._6.Not knowing what to do，we asked Mr.Smith for some advice._ Because we didnt know what to do， we a
10、sked Mr.Smith for some advice._7.Arriving at the station，he found the train had left._When he arrived at the station， he found the train had left._8.Turning to the left at the crossing，you will find the shop you are looking for._Turn to the left at the crossing and you will find the shop you are loo
11、king for._9.We hope the new machine will work faster，thus reducing our costs.3_We hope the new machine will work faster and it will thus reduce our costs._10. Having been told many times，he still couldnt understand it._Although he had been told many times， he still couldntunderstand it._.完形填空Body la
12、nguage is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！ It speaks1._B_than words.According to specialists，our bodies send out more 2._D_ than werealize.In fact，nonverbal(非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really 3._D_.And body language is particularly4._C_ when we attempt to comm
13、unicate across cultures.Indeed，what is called body language is so5._C_a part of us that its actually often unnoticed.And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.6._A_，different societies treat the7._B_between people differently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having8._C_ contact (接触) even w
14、ith friends，and certainly not with9._A_.People from Latin American countries，10._B_，toucheachotherquitealot.Therefore，its possible that in11._B_，it may look like a Latino is12._D_ a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino，trying to express friendship，will keep moving 13._A_.The Norwegian，very probabl
15、y seeing this as pushiness，will keep14._C_ which the Latino will in return regard as15._D_when people 16._A_.And onlyapartof it isinthewords themselves.Andwhenpartiesarefrom 17._A_cultures，theres a strong possibility of18._C_.But whatever the situation，the best19._D_is to obey the Golden Rule： Treat
16、 others as you would like to be 20._B_.1.Astraighter BlouderCharder Dfurther解析：逻辑推理题。由首句“肢体语言是所有语言中沉默、秘密而又最有威力的语言！”可知，本句应表示“肢体语言比语言更有说服力， ”所以选 louder。2.Asounds BinvitationsCfeelings Dmessages解析：词语辨析题。我们的肢体发出多于我们意识到的信息。身体发出的是message“信息” ，而不是 sound。sound 泛指自然界的一切声音；invitation 邀请；feeling感情，感受。3.Ahope B
17、receiveCdiscover Dmean4解析：词语辨析题。事实上，非言语交际占据了我们真正想表达的大约 50%。mean 意味着，打算。4.Aimmediate BmisleadingCimportant Ddifficult解析：词语辨析题。根据下文论述，当涉及跨文化交流时，肢体语言尤为重要，故选important“重要的” 。immediate“立刻的” ，表示动作的直接性和迅速性；misleading“误导的” ；difficult“困难的” 。5.Awell BfarCmuch Dlong解析：逻辑推理题。肢体语言几乎已经成为我们的组成部分，以致常常被忽视。此处实际上是对“so
18、much a(n)名词”的用法的考查。四个选项中有此用法的只有 much。6.AFor example BThusCHowever DIn short解析：逻辑推理题。下文是举例，故选 For example“例如” 。thus 因此；however 然而；in short 简而言之。7.Atrade BdistanceCconnections Dgreetings解析：逻辑推理题。不同的社会对人们之间的距离有不同的认识。空格后面的北欧人和拉丁美洲人等的例子都与 distance“距离”有关。8.Aeye BverbalCbodily Dtelephone解析：逻辑推理题。北欧人通常不喜欢肢体
19、的接触，故选 bodily“身体的” ，下文的touch each other是提示。9.Astrangers BrelativesCneighbours Denemies解析：逻辑推理题。北欧人甚至不喜欢和朋友有肢体上的接触，更不用说和陌生人了。enemy虽然与 friend相对，但此处是说不同国度文化的差异，并不是敌我的分歧。10.Ain other words Bon the other handCin a similar way Dby all means解析：词语辨析题。由上文可知，此处表示语意上的转折，故选 on the other hand“另一方面” ，in other wor
20、ds“换句话说” ；in a similar way“用相似的方法” ；by all means“当然可以。 ”11.Atrouble Bconversation Csilence Dexperiment5解析：词语辨析题。trouble 麻烦；conversation 谈话，交谈；silence 寂静，沉默；experiment实验。in conversation 在交谈中，在会话中。12.Adisturbing BhelpingCguiding Dfollowing解析：词语辨析题。在交谈中，北欧人不喜欢肢体接触，拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触，所以我们看到的很可能是一个拉丁美洲人跟随一个挪威人在
21、房间里移动，故选 following“跟随” 。13.Acloser BfasterCharder Dslower解析：逻辑推理题。拉丁美洲人喜欢肢体接触，为了表示友好，会离挪威人越来越近，故选 closer。14.Astepping forward Bgoing onCbacking away Dcoming out解析：词语辨析题。挪威人不喜欢肢体接触，会一直向后退，故选 backing away后退。step forward前进；go on 继续；come out 出版，发芽。15.Aweakness BcarelessnessCfriendliness Dcoldness解析：词语辨析
22、题。挪威人的后退反过来会让拉丁美洲人觉得是冷漠。weakness 虚弱；carelessness粗心；friendliness 友善；coldness 冷漠。16.Atalk BtravelClaugh Dthink解析：逻辑推理题。选项中的 talk(交谈)与上文的 conversation相呼应，且文章主要讲述交谈中的 body language。17.Adifferent BtraditionalCattractive Drich解析：逻辑推理题。different 不同的；traditional 传统的；attractive 有吸引力的；rich富有的。different cultur
23、es 不同的文化。18.Acuriosity BexcitementCmisunderstanding Dnervousness解析：来自不同文化的人聚会时，极有可能会出现误解，故选 misunderstanding“误会，误解” 。curiosity 好奇心；excitement 兴奋；nervousness 紧张。19.Achance Btime Cresult Dadvice解析：词语辨析题。此处是对避免误解而提出的建议，故选 advice“建议” 。chance 机6会；time 时间，次数，倍数；result 结果。20.Anoticed BtreatedCrespected Dpl
24、eased解析：词语辨析题。你希望怎样被对待，那你就怎样对待别人。B 选项与前面的 Treat others相呼应，一个是主动形式，一个是被动形式(to be treated)。.阅读理解(2018湖北襄阳四中高一下学期月考试题)If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Havent you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a langu
25、age？According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey mater.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscl
26、es.The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language.A team led by Dr.Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of bilinguals who had learnt a second language before the age o
27、f five，as well as a number of later learners.Scans showed that grey mater density(密度) in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language， ” said the scientist
28、s.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales，has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills.“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible， ” he said.“You are actua
29、lly going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirtyfour.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed that
30、the younger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world， ” explained the scientists.7文章大意：这是一篇说明文。本文告诉我们，语言可以帮助提高大脑能力。早期学习第二语言可以让你在学习其他科目方面有很大的帮助。1.The main subject talked about in this passage is_C_.Ascience on learning a second languageBmans abi
31、lity of learning a second languageCthat language can help brain powerDlanguage learning and maths study解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句 According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述语言可以帮助提高大脑能力。故选 C项。2.A bilingual means a per
32、son who_C_.Aresearches language learningBcan only speak EnglishCcan speak two languagesDlearned a second language at an early age解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中 A team led by Dr.Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of bilingual
33、s who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.可推知，bilinguals 指的是能说两种语言的人。故 C项正确。3.We may know from the scientific findings that_A_.Awhether you learn a foreign language does make a difference in your grey matter densityBthere is no difference between
34、 a second language learner and one who doesnt know a second languageCthe experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on peoples brainDthe ability of learning a second language is changing all the time解析：推理判断题。根据第四段 Scans showed that grey mater density(密度) in the brain was greater in bi
35、linguals than in people without a second language.可知，我们可以从科学发现中知道学习一门外语确实会对你的智力产生影响，因为大脑中负责处理信息的灰质部分密度增大了。故 A项正确。4.In the last two paragraphs，the author wants to tell us that_B_.Alearning a second language is the same as studying maths8Bearly learning of a second language helps you a great deal in s
36、tudying other subjectsCItalian is the best choice for you as a second languageDyoud better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible， ” he said.“You are actually going beyo
37、nd language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”和最后一段 The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirtyfour.Reading，writing，and comprehension were all tested.The results showed that the youn
38、ger they started to learn，the better.“Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world， ”可知，在最后两段，作者想告诉我们，早期学习第二语言，可以让大脑更灵活，对不同的想法有了更好的理解，这可以帮助你在学习其他科目方面有很大的帮助。故 B项正确。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。As an old English saying1._goes_(go)， “Honesty is the best policy.” It is not
39、 an old clich(陈词滥调)，but a good way to live your life.Firstly，being honesty is the 2._easiest_ (easy) choice that we can make.When people get caught in lies，it always costs them something.Many relationships are destroyed by lies.Secondly，honesty gives us much3._freedom_(free).Many people believe that
40、 being honest limits them in life，but that is not true.Sooner or later those dishonest people 4._will pay_(pay) a price for their acts； on the contrary，when we are honest，we are5._truly_ (true) free.If there were two people 6._standing_(stand) before you，a person with a record of being honest and a
41、person who is known to be 7._dishonest_(honest)，who would you be more likely 8._to believe_ (believe)？Im sure most people would side with the honest person.9._Either_ we live in the truth or we live in lies.Truth sets us free and lies leave us nothing but more troubles.Honesty is a choice that we ma
42、ke each day.The choice is 10._yours_ (you).What will you choose ？文章大意：通过阅读，完成词汇在特定语境下的正确运用。词语形式的变化要考虑它们在句子中所做的成分和固定搭配等。91.解析：本句和其他的句子的时态一致。后面的句子是一般现在时，所以这里也应该用一般现在时，主语是 an old English saying，相当于 it，所以谓语用 goes。2.解析：句意：诚实是我们做的最容易的选择，用最高级形式：easiest。3.解析：句意：诚实给了我们很多的自由。用名词形式 freedom。4.解析：句意：那些不诚实的人会为他们的行为付出代价，所以用将来时：will pay。5.解析：句意：当我们诚实时，我们才是真自由，用副词 truly修饰形容词 free。6.解析：句意：当有两个人站在你的面前时，这里用动词的ing 形式做定语。7.解析：句意：当一个诚实的人和一个不诚实的人站在你面前时，honest 的反义词是dishonest。8.解析：句意：你会相信谁？be likely to do 很可能做某事。9.解析：句意：我们要么生活在真实中要么生活在谎言中。固定搭配：Either.or ：要么要么。Either 位于句首，所以要大写开头字母。10.解析：句意：这个选择是你的。一个用名词性物主代词 yours做表语。
