1、12019高考英语（九月）题型整合练（11）李仕才一、阅读理解。ANowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods). GM foods develop from genetically modified organisms (有机体), which have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. These techniques are much
2、more precise where an organism is exposed to chemicals to create a nonspecific but stable change. For many people, the hightech production raises all kinds of environmental, ethical, health and safety problems. Particularly in countries with long farming traditions, the idea seems against nature.In
3、fact, GM foods are already very much a part of our lives. They were first put on the market in 1996. A third of the corn and more than half the cotton grown in the U. S. last year was the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically
4、modified crops will be planted in the US this year. The genetic genie is out of the bottle.However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is not so fierce by the fact that they have a large number o
5、f foods to choose from, and a supply that goes beyond the needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fastgrowing and underfed populations, the matter is simpler and much more urgent: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. La
6、st year the worlds population reached 6 billion. The UN states that nearly 800 million people around the world are unhealthy. About 400 million women of childbearing age don t have enough iron, which means their babies are exposed to various birth defeats.As many as 100 million children suffer from
7、vitamin A deficiency, a leading cause of blindness.How can biotech help? Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants 2and animals with better nutritional values. Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice and they are working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Bi
8、otech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attributable to drought, poor soil and crop viruses.1.The passage mainly talks about_.A. the worlds food problem B. the development in biotechC. the genetically modified foods D. the way to solve foo
9、d shortages2.According to the passage, GM foods_.A. will replace naturally grown foodsB. are far better than naturally grown foodsC. may help to solve the problem of poor nutritionD. can cause serious trouble in developing countries3.The underlined sentence “The genetic genie is out of the bottle.”
10、in Paragraph 2 probablymeans that_.A.GM foods are available everywhereB. the technology in producing GM foods is advancedC. genetic technology may have uncontrollable powersD. genetic technology has come out of laboratories into markets4.Whats the writers attitude towards GM foods?A. Enthusiastic. B
11、. Cautious.C. Disapproving. D. Unbelievable.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了转基因食品及其对人类生活的影响。1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“Nowadays more and more people are talking about genetically modified foods ( GM foods).”可知，本文主要介绍的是转基因食品。2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Genetic engineering is widely used to produce plants and anima
12、ls with better nutritional values.”可知，转基因食3品有助于解决营养不良问题。4.B 【解析】观点态度题。根据第三段中的“However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing.”可知，作者认为转基因食品进入市场前需要严格的检测，由此可见作者对转基因食品的态度是谨慎的。BWhat are your retirement plans? Keep working? Get more exercise? Or learn
13、something new? You may put them on hold. Theres a chance that, sooner or later, you might have to move further than you were thinking, as far as Mars (火星)On Thursday, National Geographic will show the first ever Mars show home, giving earthlings an idea of what their life could look like on the Red
14、Planet. Set in the notsodistant year of 2037, the iglooshaped structure could be the home of your future.It shows a house built using recycled spacecraft parts and Martian soil, called regolith, which has been microwaved into bricks. Some parts of the home are recognisablekitchen, bedroombut there a
15、re fundamental differences that are vital for human survival.As the Martian atmosphere is around one hundredth as thick as the Earths, people will need permanent shelter from the sun and society will move largely indoors. Most buildings will be connected by underground passages and the houses wont h
16、ave windows. The homes will have simulated solar lighting, or natural light that has been bent several times.Walls will need to be 10 to 12 feet thick, to protect people from dangerous rays that can pass through six feet of steel, and a double airlocked entrance to keep the home under proper pressur
17、e.“We dont think of our houses as things that keep us alive, but on Mars 4your house will be a survival centre， ” says Stephen Petranek, author of How Well Live on Mars. This is not just the stuff of scifi. “Ten to twenty years from now there will certainly be people on Mars， ” Petranek says.“Weve h
18、ad the technology for 30 years to land people on Mars, but we havent had the will， ” Petranek says. “But two main factors have completely swung public attitudes.”The private companies participation has forced government agencies to up their game, and influential films such as Gravity and The Martian
19、 have caught societys eye.【解题导语】 本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍。1What can we know about the show home from the text?AIt has no windows or doors due to security concern.BIts design presents the idea of environmental protection.CIt has thick walls keeping the home under proper pressure.DIts underground passage
20、s connect all the buildings together.B 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段的第一句可推知，火星样板房的设计采用了可回收的宇宙飞船上的一些部件，体现了环保意识，故选 B。2What do the underlined words “put them on hold” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?APut them off. BGive them away.CCarry them through. DTake them seriously.A 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段的最后一句可推知，之前的列举都可能被搁置下来，而去火星居住迟早会成
21、为可能，故选 A。3According to Petranek, what has sped up the process of sending people to Mars?AThe great influence of Mars show home.BThe development of related technology.CThe competition from private companies.DThe popularity of influential books on Mars.C 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The private companies particip
22、ation 5has forced government agencies to up their game”可知，Petranek 认为一些私人企业的参与促进了送人类去火星居住这一设想的进程，故选 C。4What is the best title for the text?ALiving on Mars: Possible or NotBSending People to Mars: Yes or NoCFirst Ever Show Home: How Is It Made?DFuture Home on Mars: What Will It Be like?D 解析：标题归纳题。根据全
23、文的整体内容可推知，本文主要对人类未来在火星上居住作了相关介绍，故选 D。二、七选五。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。While its wonderful to share a special trip and new experience with friends or family，theres an attractive case for traveling alone from time to time.Solo travel can work for anyone，and here are good reasons why you
24、should try it.You neednt discuss with others.It can be challenging to talk over a trip and time away from work with another busy person in your life._1_ Usually, these challenges can be overcome by simply planning far in advance.However，if you cant find a travel partner on short notice，it may be the
25、 perfect time to pack your bags and go anyway.Youre your own great company.If you rarely spend significant time alone，you may be surprised at how enjoyable it can be._2_ Depending on the destination，a solo trip can be a powerful and lifechanging experience.Imagine sitting on a peaceful beach at suns
26、et or taking an inviting morning hike alone._3_Meet new people.If you are a born open person，traveling alone can be a wonderful way to meet locals and make new friends.Often, people who are alone appear more approachable to others._4_ You could even join a group of likeminded people for yoga on the
27、beach.The key is to keep an open mind while keeping safety in 6mind，especially in a foreign land._5_For some reason，service at hotels and restaurants seems better when youre traveling alone.People tend to admire those who travel by themselves.AEnjoy great service.BDo everything you want.CJust accomp
28、any yourself.DIf things dont go well，the entire trip can be terrible.EYou could be chatting with some interesting folks at a sidewalk cafe.FYou can enjoy such a hike without making conversation with anyone.GAnd its even more difficult when you try to make plans with a group.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了独自旅行的原因。【难句分
29、析】If you rarely spend significant time alone, you may be surprised at how enjoyable it can be.分析：本句是一个复合句。if 引导条件状语从句；how 引导宾语从句。译文：如果你很少(花大量的时间)独处过，(那么)你可能会吃惊(地发现)独自旅行是多么令人愉悦。1G 根据上文的“It can be challenging to talk over a trip and time away from work with another busy person in your life”，并与下文的“Usua
30、lly，these challenges can be overcome by simply planning far in advance”呼应可推知，和一个人商量旅行尚且有困难，更不要说一群人了，与本段主题句“You neednt discuss with others”呼应，所以选 G项。2C 根据下文的“Depending on the destination，a solo trip can be a powerful and lifechanging experience”，并与本段主题句“Youre your own great company”呼应可推知，自己一个人出去旅行，与自
31、己做伴是很棒的体验，故选 C项。3F 根据上文的“Imagine sitting on a peaceful beach at sunset or taking an inviting morning hike alone”可推知，空处应是进一步说明独自远足的好处，所以选 F项。4E 根据下文的“You could even join a group of likeminded people for yoga on the beach”，并与本段主题句“Meet new people”呼应可推知，在独自旅途中可以和有趣的人聊天，结交新朋友，所以选 E项。5A 根据下文的“For some re
32、ason，service at hotels and restaurants seems better when youre traveling alone”可推知，本段主要讲的是旅途中会有好的服务，所以选 A项。7三、短文改错。When I was in primary school，I watched a movie about global warming.See the images of ice melting and the polar bears habitat being destroyed made me disappointed.I begin to realize it
33、was important to do what we can save the environment.I asked my mom to buy a blue recycling bin.And she immediate agreed to get it.Besides，she got for me a black one for trash.I now have a recycling bin for waste papers and plastic bottles in my room.I may be just one person，so I feel like I am maki
34、ng the big difference.【答案】When I was in primary school，I watched a movie about global warming. SeeSeeingthe images of ice melting and the polar habitat being destroyed made me bearsbearsdisappointed.I to realize it was important to do what we can save beginbegan tothe environment.I asked my mom to b
35、uy a blue recycling bin.And she immediateimmediatelyagreed to get .Besides，she got me a black one for trash.I now have a itone forrecycling bin for waste and plastic bottles in my room.I may be just one paperspaperperson， I feel like I am making big difference.sobut/yet the a第一处：See 改为 Seeing。考查非谓语动
36、词。看到那些冰融化和北极熊的栖息地遭受破坏的影像， “我”感到失望。此处应用动名词短语作主语，故将 See改为 Seeing。第二处：bears 改为 bears。考查名词所有格。此处指北极熊的栖息地，故此处应用名词的所有格 bears。第三处：begin 改为 began。考查动词的时态。此处叙述的事发生在“我”上小学的时候。故用一般过去时，将 begin改为 began。第四处：save 前加 to。考查非谓语动词。 “我”开始意识到为了拯救环境，去做我们能够做的事情是重要的。此处用动词不定式表示目的，故在 save前加 to。第五处：immediate 改为 immediately。考查
37、副词。母亲立即答应购买一个。此处修饰动词应用副词，故用 immediately。第六处：it 改为 one。考查代词。上文中的“a blue recycling bin”为泛指，故此处用表示泛指的代词 one。第七处：删除 got后的 for。考查介词。get sb.sth.“给某人某物”为固定搭配，故此处删除 for。8第八处：papers 改为 paper。考查名词。waste paper 表示“废纸” ，为不可数名词，故将 papers改为 paper。第九处：so 改为 but/yet。考查连词。虽然“我”仅仅是一个人，但“我”感觉“我”做的事情意义重大。根据句意可知前后形成转折关系，
38、故此处改为 but/yet。第十处：the 改为 a。考查冠词。make a big difference 表示“有重大影响，意义重大” ，故将 the改为 a。四。书面表达。在国外某知名学习论坛上，一名署名为 Jack的中学生认为许多同学不会合理安排时间，于是邀请网友参与讨论。假如你对此话题感兴趣，现请你用英文回帖，分析合理安排时间的重要性，并分享自己在学习生活中安排时间的经验或教训。注意：1.词数 100左右；2.适当增加细节以使行文连贯。Dear Jack，Its due to the inappropriate assignment of time that we often find
39、 it difficult to fulfill tasks in time, which often leads to low efficiency and failures.But, as a matter of fact，we can take certain steps to help ourselves out. The following is how I usually arrange my time. Firstly, I list all the jobs that must be done and decide which one requires immediate at
40、tention.Secondly，I divide the work into separate parts so it will be easier to see whether each part is being accomplished as desired. Finally, I assign each task a certain amount of time so that it will be carried out systematically.It we assign our time appropriately, well find all the work will be done in time and a sense of accomplishment will replace the anxiety at first.
