1、 IEC 60493-1 Edition 2.0 2011-12 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Guide for the statistical analysis of ageing test data Part 1: Methods based on mean values of normally distributed test results Guide pour lanalyse statistique de donnes dessais de vieillissement Partie 1: Mthodes bases su
2、r les valeurs moyennes de rsultats dessais normalement distribus IEC60493-1:2011 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2011 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, ele
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16、r cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du Service clients ou contactez-nous: Email: csciec.ch Tl.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 60493-1 Edition 2.0 2011-12 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Guide for the statistical analysis of ageing test data Part
17、 1: Methods based on mean values of normally distributed test results Guide pour lanalyse statistique de donnes dessais de vieillissement Partie 1: Mthodes bases sur les valeurs moyennes de rsultats dessais normalement distribus INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE I
18、NTERNATIONALE V ICS 29.035.01 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-88912-834-1 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 2 60493-1 IEC:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 3 INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references .
19、 6 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 6 3.1 Terms and definitions 6 3.2 Symbols 8 4 Calculation procedures . 9 4.1 General considerations 9 4.2 Single sub-group Difference of mean and specified value . 9 4.2.1 General . 9 4.2.2 Complete data sub-group 9 4.2.3 Censored data sub-group 10 4.3 Two subgrou
20、ps Difference of means . 10 4.3.1 General . 10 4.3.2 Both sub-groups complete . 10 4.3.3 One or both subgroups censored . 11 4.4 Two or more subgroups Analysis of variance 11 4.5 Three or more subgroups Regression analysis . 13 4.5.1 Regression analysis General considerations . 13 4.5.2 Calculations
21、. 14 4.5.3 Test equality of subgroup variances 15 4.5.4 Test significance of deviations from linearity 16 4.5.5 Estimate and confidence limit of y 16 4.5.6 Estimate and confidence limit of x 16 Annex A (informative) Statistical background . 18 Annex B (informative) Statistical tables 22 Bibliography
22、 35 Table B.1 Coefficients for censored data calculations 23 Table B.2 Fractiles of the F-distribution, F0,95. 30 Table B.3 Fractiles of the F-distribution, F0,995. 32 Table B.4 Fractiles of the t-distribution, t0,95. 34 Table B.5 Fractiles of the 2-distribution . 34 60493-1 IEC:2011 3 INTERNATIONAL
23、 ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ GUIDE FOR THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF AGEING TEST DATA Part 1: Methods based on mean values of normally distributed test results FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national elec
24、trotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifi
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33、 in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying
34、 any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60493-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 112: Evaluation and qualification of electrical insulating materials and systems. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 1974, and constitutes a technical
35、 revision. The main changes with respect to the first edition are that, besides a complete editorial revision, censored data sub-group are considered. 4 60493-1 IEC:2011 The text of this standard is based on the following documents: CDV Report on voting 112/172/CDV 112/192/RVC Full information on th
36、e voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all the parts in the IEC 60493 series, published under the general title Guide for the statisti
37、cal analysis of ageing test data, can be found on the IEC website. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date,
38、 the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. 60493-1 IEC:2011 5 INTRODUCTION Procedures for estimating ageing properties are described in specific test procedures, or are covered by the general documents on test procedures for ageing tests with a specif
39、ic environmental stress (e.g. temperature, radiation, partial discharges). In many cases, a certain property is determined as a function of time at different ageing stresses, and a time to failure based on a chosen end-point criterion is found at each ageing stress. A plot of time to failure versus
40、ageing stress may be used to obtain an estimate of the time to failure for similar specimens exposed to a specified stress, or to obtain an estimate of the value of stress which will cause failure in a specified time. The physical and chemical laws governing the ageing phenomena may often lead to th
41、e assumption that a linear relationship exists between the property examined and the ageing time at fixed ageing stresses, or between certain mathematical functions of property and ageing time, e.g. square root or logarithm. Also, there may be a linear relationship between time to failure and ageing
42、 stress, or mathematical functions of these variables. The methods described in this part of IEC 60493 apply to such cases of linear relationship. The methods are illustrated by the example of thermal ageing wherein the case of a simple chemical process it may be assumed that the degradation obeys t
43、he Arrhenius law, i.e. the logarithm of time to failure is a linear function of the reciprocal thermodynamic temperature. Numerical examples demonstrating the use of the methods in this case are given in IEC 60216-3 11. The calculation processes specified in this standard are based on the assumption
44、 that the data under examination are normally distributed. No test for normality of the data is specified, since the available tests are unreliable for small sample groups of data. However, the methods have been used for a considerable time without undesirable results and with no check on the normal
45、ity of the data distributions. _ 1Figures in square brackets refer to the bibliography. 6 60493-1 IEC:2011 GUIDE FOR THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF AGEING TEST DATA Part 1: Methods based on mean values of normally distributed test results 1 Scope This part of IEC 60493 gives statistical methods which m
46、ay be applied to the analysis and evaluation of the results of ageing tests. It covers numerical methods based on mean values of normally distributed test results. These methods are only valid under specific assumptions regarding the mathematical and physical laws obeyed by the test data. Statistica
47、l tests for the validity of some of these assumptions are also given. This standard deals with data from both complete test sets and censored test sets. This standard provides data treatment based on the concept of “data sub-group“ as defined in Clause 3. The validity of the coefficients used in the
48、 calculation processes to derive statistical parameters of the data groups are described in 1. 2 Normative references None. 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply. 3.1.1 ordered data set of data
49、 arranged in sequence so that in the appropriate direction through the sequence each member is greater than or equal to its predecessor Note 1 to entry: “Ascending order“ in this standard implies that the data is ordered in this way, the first being the smallest. 3.1.2 order-statistic each individual value in a set of ordered data is referred to as an “order-statistic“ identified by its numeric
